第三章正弦交流电路1.已知某正弦交流电压的周期为10ms,有效值为220V,在t=0时正处于由正值过渡为负值的零值,则其表达式可写作()。(a)u=380sin(100t+180)V(b)u=-311sin200tV(c)u=220sin(628t+180)V2.某正弦电流的有效值为7.07A,频率f=100Hz,初相角=-60,则该电流的瞬时表达式为()。(a)i=5sin(100t-60)A(b)i=7.07sin(100t+30)A(c)i=10sin(200t-60)A3.与电流相量&jI43对应的正弦电流可写作i=()。(a)5sin(t+53.1)A(b)52sin(t+36.9)A(c)52sin(t+53.1)A4.用幅值(最大值)相量表示正弦电压u=537sin(t-90)V时,可写作&Um()。(a)V90537Um(b)V90537Um(c)V)90t(537Um5.将正弦电压u=10sin(314t+30)V施加于电阻为5的电阻元件上,则通过该元件的电流i=()。(a)2sin314tA(b)2sin(314t+30)A(c)2sin(314t-30)Aiu+-6.将正弦电压u=10sin(314t+30)V施加于感抗XL=5的电感元件上,则通过该元件的电流i=()。(a)50sin(314t+90)A(b)2sin(314t+60)A(c)2sin(314t-60)AXiuL+-7.如相量图所示的正弦电压U施加于容抗XC=5的电容元件上,则通过该元件的电流相量I=()。(a)2120A(b)50120A(c)2-60AU.IU.j+110V30.+-XC8.已知两正弦交流电流i1=5sin(314t+60)A,i2=5sin(314t-60)A,则二者的相位关系是()。(a)同相(b)反相(c)相差1209.已知正弦交流电压u=100sin(2t+60)V,其频率为()。(a)50Hz(b)2Hz(c)1Hz10.正弦电压波形如图示,其角频率为()rad/s。(a)200(b)100(c)0.0211.已知正弦量A)3j4(I1,A)3j4(I2,(1)写出它们的瞬时表达式(角频率为);(2)在同一坐标内画出它们的波形图,并说明它们的相位关系。12.已知电路中某元件上电压u和i分别为u=-100sin314tV,i=10cos314tA。问:(1)元件的性质;(2)元件的复阻抗;(3)储存能量的最大值。13.当10rad/s时,图1电路可等效为图2,已知R=10,R=12.5,问L及L各为多少?RLLR图1图2~~14.图示电路中,R=11,L=211mH,C=65F,电源电压u=2202sin314tV。求:(1)各元件的瞬时电压,并作相量图(含电流及各电压);(2)电路的有功功率P及功率因数。iuRLCuuuRLC+-+-+-+-15.图示电路中,ut102100060sin()Vo,utC52100030sin()Vo,容抗XC=10。求无源二端网络N的复阻抗Z及有功功率P,并画出相量图(含电流及各电压)。NCuuuiCN+-+-+-16.在图示电路中,ut2202sinV,R=XL=22,XC=11。求电流iR,iC,iL,i及总有功功率P。并画出相量图(U,I,RU,LU,CU)。RCuiiiiLCLR+-17.某R,L串联电路,施加正弦交流电压ut2202314sinV,测得有功功率P=40W,电阻上电压UR=110V。试求电路的功率因数?若将电路的功率因数提高到0.85,则应并联多大电容?18.在图示电路中,电容C与,R,L1,L2满足何种关系时,可使电压u与电流i同相?uiRLLC12+-1.b2.c3.b4.a5.b6.c7.a8.c9.c10.a11.(1)I1221435341431()arctan.I222243534369()arctan.它们瞬时表达式:it1521431sin(.)Ait252369sin(.)A(2)波形图i1与i2相位差=143.1(36.9)=180i1,i2是反相的12.(V)180t314sin(100t314sin100u)1itt103141031490cossin()A相位差1809090电压超前电流90此元件为纯电感元件(2)复阻抗Z1001801090109010j(3)储存能量最大值WLIXILLmmm2J121212103141015922.13.图1中ZRLLjj1010图2中ZRLRLjj1001251012510022..LLLj12.522据题意ZZ71251001251001022..2LL,L25.HLLL125101251001005222../.H14.()()tan(.)tan..11166254917251120575221221ZRXXXXRLCLCo&&..IUZ22002057511575oooAV5.57121115.5711RIURutR1212314575sin(.)oVV5.327299025.665.5711XIjULLutL7292314325sin(.)oV&&..UIXCCjV1157549905391475oooutC53923141475sin(.)oV()coscos.2220115751300PUIoWcos..575054oUUUUUU+I........57.5CRLCL。15V5.862.113056010UUUCNA605.09010305XjUICC10j205.264.22605.05.862.11IUZNNPIR2205205.WUUUI....NC16.V0220UAtsin210iA010RUIRRA)90tsin(220iA9020XjUICCCA)90tsin(210iA9010XjUILLLA45210IIIILCRit2045sin()oAPUIcos2200WU.I.I.I.I.CLR17.(1)电路如图:ºuiiiCRLCuR+-+-cos.UUR11022005()cos.tan.205173Qcos.tan.085062CPU2(tantan)403142201730622931029326(..)..FF18.ZRLLCLCjjjjj12211j(RLLLC12221)若使u与i同相,应使Z的虚部为零得:LLLC122210CLLLL12212