UCP600与ISP98的比较、信用证类型比较、运输方式比较

SIMILARPARTISSUEDSUBJECTTOTHESERULESirrevocableundertakingindependencelimitstoresponsibilitiesELECTRONICPRESENTATIONSIMILARTOEUCP1.1obligationandresponsiblitiesofissuerandconfirmerADVICEOFSTANDBYORAMENDMENTNOMINATIONroutingofamendmentsshallbedisregardedunlesstheircontextgivesthemmeaning1.10cINTERPRETATION1.11OBLIGATIONOFDIFFERENTBRANCHES,AGENCIES,OROTHEROFFICES2.02CONDITIONSTOISSUANCE2.03ART11COMPAREUCP600WITHISP98AMENDMENT2.06COMPLYINGPRESENTATION3.01,3.04,3.05,3.06ART2IDENTIFICATIONOFSTANDBY3.03DIFFERENTPARTDEFINITIONSAPPLICANT1.09BENEFICIARYDEMANDDRAWINGDOCUMENTREDUNDANTOROTHERWISEUNDESIRABLETERMSshouldnotorneednotstateunconditionalorabstract1.10aandbabsoluteprimarypayablefromtheissuer'sownfundscleanorpayableondemandand/orshallbedisregardedcallable1.10cdivisiblefractionableindivisibletransmissibleshallbedisregardedunlesstheircontextgivesthemmeaning1.10cassignableevergreenreinstaterevolvingINTERPRETATION1.11issuerincludesconfirmerbeneficiaryincludestransfereebeneincludingbutnotlimitedtoAorBeitherAorBAandBunlessastandbyotherwisestatesexpresslyorclearlystatedinthestandbyprovidedinthestandbyOBLIGATIONOFDIFFERENTBRANCHES,AGENCIES,OROTHEROFFICES2.02CONDITIONSTOISSUANCE2.03NOTTHENISSUEDORENFORCEABLENOTAVAILABLE,OPERATIVE,EFFECTIVEORTHELIKEDONOTAFFECTTHEISSUANCEOFSTANDBYART11FULLDETAILSTOFOLLOWORSIMILARWORDDSCOMPAREUCP600WITHISP98AMENDMENT2.06automaticamendmentCOMPLYINGPRESENTATION3.01,3.04,3.05,3.06ART2IDENTIFICATIONOFSTANDBY3.03DATEOFPRESENTATIONNOTAVAILABLE,OPERATIVE,EFFECTIVEORTHELIKEDONOTAFFECTTHEISSUANCEOFSTANDBYCOMPAREUCP600WITHISP98typesfeaturesrevocabledocumentarycreditmaybeamendedorcancelledbytheissuingbankatanymomentandwithoutpriornoticetothebeneficiaryirrevocableconfirmeddocumentarycredittheconfirmingbank'sundertakingisinadditiontothatoftheissuingbankcharacteristicsofdifferenttypeofcreditstransferabledocumetarycreditprovidethetrader'ssupplierwithsecurityforpaymentundertransferredcreditwithouthavinguseanypartofthetrader'sownbankingfacilitiesback-to-back(counter)documentarycreditthetwocreditsareentirelyseparateandeachissuingbankisliableonitsownobligation,thedocumentsfromcreditBmaybeusedinparttomakethepresentationundercreditAcleandocumentarycreditdrawabillwithoutdocumentarysupport;adirect-paystandbycreditisagoodexample;usedforavarietyofcommercialpurposesthatdonotenvisageeitherthemovementofgoodsoraneventofdefaultadvancepayment(redclause)documentarycredittheissuingbankincorporatesaclauseinthedocumentarycreditauthorisingthenominatedbanktopayapercentageofthevalueofthecredittothebene.Historically,thisclauseappearedinboldredtypeinordertodrawattentionrevolvingdocumentarycreditrevolvementdependentupontimeorvalue,automaticornon-automatic,cumulativeornon-cumulativeevergreenandannuallyrenewabledocumentarycreditcommonlyseeninstandbycredit,automaticallyextendedforafurtheryear,withoutwrittenamendment,onthefirstdayofJanuaryofeveryfutureyearfromthethecommencementdate,alwaysvalidforminimumperiofoffouryears,unlessatleastthirtydayspriorto31stdayofDecemberofthefirstyearofthecurrentvalidityperiod,noticeisgiveninwriting,sentbyregisteredmail,thatthisstandbycreditwillnotbeextendedbeyongthecurrentexpirydate.primarilyusedincleanandstandbyl/c.documentarycreditestablisedunderaidagreementaidagenciesissuetheirlettersofintentorcommitmentstoreimburseinfavourofspecificauthorisedbanks.Called'qualifiedagreementstoreimburse'inoperativedocumentarycreditincorporateclausestoweakenthepositionofthebeneriskshowtocontrolrisks(forissuingbank)offersnosecurityofpaymenttothebenficiary;theissuingbankisliabletohonouritsobligationsunderarevocabledocumentarycreditforanyhonourornegotiationmadebyanotherbankpriortoreceiptofsuchrevocationbyabank.1)nominatesaspecificbankthatisauthorisedtohonourornegotiateandrestricthonourornegotiatetosuchanominatedbank;2)uponreceiptofarequestfromtheappliicantforcancellationofthedocumentarycredit,theissuingbankshouldmakeitclearinwritingthattheapplicantisliableforanyobligationthatthenominatedbankhasundertakenpriortoitsreceiptofnoticeofcancellation.3)whenadvisesthenominatedbankofcancellation,shouldrequestthelattertoadvisetheissuingbankofconfirmationofcancellationand/oranyobligationsalreadyundertakenbythenominatedbankuptoreceiptofnotificationofcancellation.4)banksshouldnotissuerevocabledocumentarycreditthatarealsotransferableandshouldnotconfirmrevocabledocumentarycredit.forconfirmingbank:thecountryrisksoftheissuingbankandrisksoftherevolencyoftheissuingbankanddishonourbyissuingbanktheissuingbankmustauthoriseorrequesttheconfirmingbanktoconfirmcharacteristicsofdifferenttypeofcreditsforapplicant:theriskofreceivinggoodsfromathirdpartywhomaynotbeknowntothebuyerandwithwhomtheremayhavebeennopreviousbusinessdealings.increasingriskoflossanderrorandfraudfortrasferringbank:difficultyofmonitoringadvicesofamendments;secondbeneorsecondbene'sbankclaimdirectlytotheissuingbank;discrepantdocumentstheissuingbankrestrictinghonourornegotiationandtransfertoanominatedbankcreditAdoesnotprovidesecuritytothebankthatissuedcreditB.risksarisewhansuchbankwere