搜索
281Vol128No1120081RadiationProtectionJan.2008##*刘宝华**孔令丰郭兴明(,,510300)(,400044),IEEEC95.1ICNIRP80,,,,150,,2(ANSI)(IEEE)5IEEEStandardforSafetyLevelswithRespecttoHumanExposuretoRadioFrequencyElectromagneticFields3kHzto300GHz6(IEEEC95.1-2005)(ICNIRP)5GuidelinesforLimitingExposuretoTime-Var-yingElectric,MagneticandElectromagneticFields(upto300GHz)6(ICNIRP,1998),IEEEC95.1;ICNIRP,,ICNIRP[1]IEEEC95.1ICNIRP,,[2];[3]IEEEC95.1ICNIRP211IEEEC95.1-2005IEEEC95.1-2005IEEEC95.1-1999IEEEC95.1b-2004,ICNIRP:,;(BRs,Basic***(:2002C31618):,,197811,20016,20066,Restrictions)(MPE,Max-imumPermissibleExposure),ICNIRP,,(SAR,Spe-cificAbsorptionRate),,,,,,,3kHz~5MHz100kHz~300GHz,0.1~5MHz,[4]2.1.1(3kHz~5MHz)(1)11fe,(1)(2):Ei=E0,f[fe(1)Ei=E0(f/fe),f\fe(2),Ei,V/m(2)2(3)32.1.2(100kHz~300GHz)(1)4(SAR)(2)561Tab11BRsapplyingtovarioustissuesofthebodyfe(Hz)E0(rms)(V/m)()1)205.89@10-31.77@10-21670.9430.94333502.102.1033500.7012.101),,,2(3kHz~5MHz)Tab12MPEforexposureofheadandtorso(3kHz~5MHz)(kHz)()B(rms)(mT)H(rms)(A/m)B(rms)(mT)H(rms)(A/m)3.0~3.350.687/f547/f2.06/f1640/f3.35~50000.2051630.6154903.0~3.353.79/f3016/f3.79/f3016/f3.35~50001.139001.139003(3~100kHz)Tab13MPEforwholebodyexposureinElectricfield(3~100kHz)(kHz)E(rms)(V/m)()3~1006141842#52#2814(100kHz~300GHz)Tab14BRsforfrequenciesbetween100kHzand300GHz()SAR(W/kg)SAR(W/kg)0.080.4210420:SAR10g65(100kHz~300GHz)Tab15MPEfortheuppertier(Peopleincontrolledenvironments100kHz~300GHz)(MHz)E(V/m)H(A/m)S(W/m2)(min)0.1~1.0184216.3/fM(900,100000/fM2)b61.0~301842/fM16.3/fM(9000/fM2,100000/fM2)630~10061.416.3/fM(10,100000/fM2)6100~30061.40.163106300~3000--fM/3063000~30000--10019.63/fG1.07930000~300000--1002.524/fG0.476:fMfMHz,fGfGHz6(100kHz~300GHz)Tab16Actionlevel(MPEforthepublicwhenanRFsafetyprogramisunavailable)(100kHz~300GHz)(MHz)E(V/m)H(A/m)S(W/m2)(min)0.1~1.3461416.3/fM(1000,100000/fM2)c661.34~3823.8/fM16.3/fM(1800/fM2,100000/fM2)fM2/0.363~30823.8/fM16.3/fM(1800/fM2,100000/fM2)30630~10027.5158.3/fM1.668(2,9400000/fM3.336)300.0636fM1.337100~40027.50.72923030400~2000--fM/200302000~5000--10305000~30000--10150/fG30000~100000--1025.24/fG0.476100000~300000--(90fG-7000)/2005048/[(9fG-700)fG0.476]:fMfMHz,fGfGHz212ICNIRPICNIRP,,;,,ICNIRP/0,,,[5]2.2.1ICNIRP,7#53#:7Tab17Basiclimitsfortime-varyingelectricandmagneticfields(mA/m2)SAR(W/kg)SAR()(W/kg)SAR()(W/kg)(W/m2)1Hz40----1~4Hz40/f----0.004~1kHz10----1~100kHzf/100----0.1~10MHzf/1000.41020-0.01~10GHz-0.4102010~300GHz----501Hz8----1~4Hz8/f----0.004~1kHz2----1~100kHzf/500----0.1~10MHzf/5000.0824-0.01~10GHz-0.0824-10~300GHz----10:f,Hz;SAR6;SARl0g2.2.2,,88()1)Tab18Derivedlimitsforexposuretotime-varyingelectricandmagneticfields(Electromagneticfieldsstrength)E(V/m)H(A/m)B(LT)Seq(W/m2)1Hz-1.63@1052@105-1~8Hz200001.63@1052@105/f-8~25Hz200002@104/f2.5@104/f-0.025~0.82kHz500/f1)20/f25/f-0.82~65kHz61024.430.7-0.065~1MHz6101.6/f2.0/f-1~10MHz610/f1.6/f2.0/f-1~400MHz610.160.210400~2000MHz3f1/20.008f1/20.01f1/2f/402~300GHz1370.360.45501Hz-3.2@1044@104-1~8Hz100003.2@104/f24@104/f2-8~25Hz100004000/f5000/f-0.025~0.8kHz250/f4/f5/f-0.8~3kHz250/f56.25-3~150kHz8756.25-0.15~1MHz870.73/f0.92/f-1~10MHz87/f1/20.73/f0.92/f-10~400MHz280.0730.0922400~2000MHz1.375f1/20.0037f1/20.0046f1/2f/2002~300GHz610.160.20101)f,f;100kHz~10GHz,SeqE2H2B26min;10GHz,SeqE2H2B268/f0.05min(fGHz)#54#2813,311/0GB18555-200156GB10437-8956GB10436-8956GB16203-199656GB9175-8856(/0)/0:,,,;,;[6]/0,,,312/0GB8702-8856HJ/T10.3-199656HJ/T24-19985500kV6(/0)GB8702-8856,,/0,;SAR();GB8702-8856:¹100kHz~300GHz,,[7]º100kHz~30GHzSAR10GHz,,SAR,[5]»,,SAR[8]4¹56,:/0,/0,ºIEEEC95.1ICNIRP,ICNIRP,,ICNIRP»,56,,¼SAR,SAR,;,;,,,,SARIEEEC95.1-2005ICNIRPSAR2.0W/kg(10g),2.0#55#:W/kgSAR5,GB8702-8856GB9175-885619,,ICNIRP,1..,2000.17(6):3722Vijayalaxm,iFreiMR,eta.lFrequencyofmicronu-cleiintheperipheralbloodandbonemarrowofcancer-pronemicechronicallyexposedto2450MHzradiofre-quencyradiation.Radiat.Res.,1997.147(4):4953,..#,1998.21(6):3214IEEEInternationalCommitteeonElectromagneticSafe-ty(SCC39).IEEEstandardforsafetylevelswithre-specttohumanexposuretoradiofrequencyelectromag-neticfields3kHzto300GHz.USA:TheInstituteofElectronicsEngineers,20065InternationalCommissiononNon-IonizingRadiationProtection.Guidelinesforlimitingexposuretotime-varyingelectric,magneticandelectromagneticfields(upto300GHz).HealthPhysics,1998.74(4):4946,..,2005.14(2):1577.))).,2002.35(3):738..,2001.(6):59(2007212)INTRODUCTIONANDCOMPARISONOFDOMESTICANDFOREIGNELECTROMAGNETICRADIATIONPROTECTIONSTANDARDLiuBaohuaKongLingfeng(GuangdongEnvironmentalRadiationResearchandMonitoringCenter,Guangzhou,510300)GuoXingming(CollegeofBioengineering,ChongqingUniversity,40044)AbstractIEEEC95.1andICNIRPGuidelinesarerepresentativeoftheexitingelectromagneticradia-tionprotectionstandards.AseriesofelectromagneticradiationprotectionstandardswerepublishedbyStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministrationofChinasince1980s.Butwiththefurtherresearchofbioeffectandtheadverseeffectstohumanhealthinducedbyexposuretoelectromagneticfield,whethertheexitingstandards,basedonshor-ttermthermaleffects,canprovidethesafeguardforthehea