武汉理工大学毕业论文用分数维研究裂纹扩展过程的演化方程学院(系):理学院专业班级:工程力学1001班学生姓名:sjl指导教师:lll学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外,本论文不包括任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名:年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保障、使用学位论文的规定,同意学校保留并向有关学位论文管理部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权省级优秀学士论文评选机构将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。本学位论文属于1、保密囗,在年解密后适用本授权书2、不保密囗。作者签名:年月日导师签名:年月日I摘要本文对分形理论进行简介,对分形裂纹扩展的国内外研究现状进行综述。论文主要对分形裂纹扩展时的裂纹扩展速度,应力强度因子,疲劳裂纹扩展及裂纹分叉现象进行分析和总结,并根据所得公式描述各物理量随分形维数及材料参数等的变化情况,并就分形应用于实际裂纹扩展时存在的问题提出自己的看法。分形裂纹扩展速度曲线显示0/VV随分维D和晶粒尺寸d的增大而增大;应用分形插值理论,得出分形裂纹扩展的动态应力强度因子,KltV和表观准静态应力强度因子,0KLt的比值,/,0KltVKLt与无量纲速度0/rVC、裂纹弯折角、材料的微结构参数/da及分维D有关;静态应力强度因子和表观应力强度因子的比值总体变化趋势很小,在数值1附近变化;分形疲劳裂纹扩展的有效应力强度范围与不考虑分形效应的有效应力强度范围的比值*/effKK随弯折角的增大而减小;分形裂纹分叉的断裂韧性与不考虑分形效应的断裂韧性的比值随弯折角的增大而增大。关键词:分形;裂纹扩展速度;应力强度因子;裂纹分叉IIAbstractThisarticlemakesaconclusiontothefractaltheoryandfractalcrack.Thisarticlemainlydescribesthespeedoffractalcrack、stressintensityfactor、fatiguecrackgrowthandcrackbifurcation,anddescribeshowthesephysicalschangewithfractaldimensionsandmaterialparametersbasedontheresultingformulas.AndIshowmyownopinionsabouttheexistingproblemsofacturalcrackpropagation.Thecurveoffractalcrackgrowthshowsthat0/VVincreaseswiththefractaldimensionDandmaterialparametersd;Accordingtofractalinterpolationtheory,weconcludethattheratiobetweenthedynamicstressintensityfactor,KltVofthefractalcrackandtheapparentquasi-staticstressintensityfactor,0KLtisrelatedtothedimensionlessspeed0/rVC,crackbendangle,micro-structuralparametersofmaterials/daandfractaldimensionD.Theratiobetweenstaticstressintensityfactorandtheapparentquasi-staticstressintensityfactorrangesaround1;Forthefatiguecrackgrowth,theratiobetweentherangeoffractaleffectivestressandtherangeofeffectivestresswhichisnotconsideredthefractaleffect*/effKKchangeswiththebendingangle.Forthecrackbifurcation,theratiobetweenfractalfracturetoughnessandfracturetoughnesswithoutconsideringfractalincreaseswiththebendingangle.Keywords:fractal;crackvelocity;stressintensityfactor;crackbifurcationi目录第1章绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景..............................................................................................................................11.1.1裂纹扩展研究的目的和意义........................................................................................11.1.2裂纹类型及断裂力学的发展........................................................................................21.1.3分形理论的发展............................................................................................................41.2国内外研究现状..................................................................................................................51.3本文的主要内容..................................................................................................................6第2章分形理论简介...................................................................................................................72.1分形的概念..........................................................................................................................72.2分形的分类..........................................................................................................................72.2.1规则分形........................................................................................................................82.2.2非规则分形....................................................................................................................92.3分形维数与其测量方法......................................................................................................92.3.1分形维数........................................................................................................................92.3.2分形维数的测定..........................................................................................................132.3.3分形维数与实际测量码尺的关系..............................................................................142.4分形理论在材料科学中的应用........................................................................................152.4.1分形理论在材料断裂面分析中的应用......................................................................152.4.2分形理论在材料磨损表面分析中的应用..................................................................162.5本章小结............................................................................................................................16第3章裂纹扩展的分形研究...................................................................................................173.1分形裂纹扩展速度及分形维数........................................................................................173.1.1分形裂纹扩展速度......................................................................................................173.1.2三种微观断裂方式下的分形维数..............................................................................193.1.3分形裂纹扩展速度的理论值与实验值的对比..........................................................223.1.4宏观裂纹扩展的分形维数..............