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I活性炭吸附VOC的工程设计摘要近年来，人们逐渐认识到有机废气对环境和人类健康的巨大危害性，因此在环境工程领域对有机废气的治理越来越受到人们的重视。本设计将介绍一种有效且最广泛使用的工业有机废气的净化技术—活性炭吸附法。本设计利用活性炭固定床吸附系统对工业有机废气进行净化。经过该系统之前，废气会先用干式除尘器进行预处理，去除废气中的雾状物及粉尘，从而避免了这些物质堵塞活性炭微孔，影响活性炭的吸附效性能。而在活性炭吸附器的设计上，本文采用了卧式多层设计。选用活性炭为吸附剂，具有吸附性能好，流体阻力小的特点。首先本文将概述当前有机工业废气的处理现状，主要处理方法和优缺点，并且阐述本设计所采用该技术的原因。其次，本文将系统介绍所采用技术的基本原理，设计原则和设计过程计算。最后，对本毕业设计的造价和费用进行工程预算，包括工程施工费用、设备费用、工程管理费用、设备维护费用和水电费等等，确定其经济可行性。还给出了综合性的评价和可行性的建议。关键词：工业有机废气，干式除尘器，固定床吸附器，活性炭IIAbstractDuetoubiquityintheenvironmentandrisktohumanhealth,volatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)havereceivedgreatattentioninthefieldofenvironmentalcontrol.Thisdesignintroducedaneffectiveandthemostextensiveusagetechnologyofactivatedcarbonadsorptionforcleaningvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs).Thatistosay,theprojectusingthefixed-bedadsorptionsystemofactivatedcarbontopurifyvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs).Beforedecontanmination,thegaseswouldbepretreadedbythedryseparatorwhichcouldwipeoffthereekanddust,inordertoavoidthesub-holesbeingjammedwhichwouldaffecttheefficiencyofadsorptionofactivatedcarbon.Moreovertheprojectchooseactivatedcarbonassorbent,whichhaslargeadsorptionabilityandlowresistance.Atfirst,thetextwillintroducetheconditionofspray-paintwastegas,characteristics,andthepresentsituationofcleaningofsvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs),andprinciplesofthem,explainingthereasontochoosethetechnology.Thesecond,thetextwilldescribetheprinciple,designmethodandtheprocesscalculationofthedesign.Finally,thetextwilldothebudgetoftheprojet，listedthespendingplanofeachcertainitemsafterconfirmingtheproject,includingthespendingonengineeringconstruction,equipment,constructionsupercising,equipmentmaintenance,andthecostofwaterandwaterandelectricity,tomakesuretheavailabilityofthedesign.Atlast,anall-aroudestimateandsomefeasibleadviceweresuggestedonthetext.Keywords:volatileorganiccompounds(VOCs),dryseparator,thefixed-bedadsorptionsystem,activatedcarbonIII目录1.绪论.................................................................11.1概述.................................................................................................................................11.1.1有机废气的来源........................................................................................................11.1.2有机物对大气的破坏和对人类的危害........................................................................11.2有机废气治理技术现状及进展.....................................................................................21.2.1各种净化方法的分析比较.......................................................................................32设计任务说明...........................................................42.1设计任务..........................................................................................................................42.2设计进气指标...................................................................................................................42.3设计出气指标..................................................................................................................42.4设计目标..........................................................................................................................43工艺流程说明...........................................................63.1工艺选择..........................................................................................................................63.2工艺流程..........................................................................................................................64设计与计算.............................................................84.1基本原理.........................................................................................................................84.1.1吸附原理...................................................................................................................84.1.2吸附机理...................................................................................................................94.1.3吸附等温线与吸附等温方程式...............................................................................94.1.4吸附量.....................................................................................................................124.1.5吸附速率.................................................................................................................124.2吸附器选择的设计计算.................................................................................................13IV4.2.1吸附器的确定.........................................................................................................134.2.2吸附剂的选择.......................................................................................................144.2.3空塔气速和横截面积的确定.................................................................................164.2.4固定床吸附层高度的计算.....................................................................................174.2.5吸附剂（活性炭）用量的计算..............................................................................184.2.6床层压降的计算]15[................................................................................................194.2.7活性炭再生的计算.....................