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电信运营商通信网络概览6/2/20161－前世、今生与演进目录•全业务通信网络架构•无线接入网络（移动通信网络）•有线接入网络（固网语音＋宽带）•传送网（传输网）•IP宽带数据网（IP数据承载网）•网管系统（OSS）•Q&A6/2/20162电信运营商全业务通信网络架构（IP化）6/2/20163FixedandMobileaccessesintegratedformaximalservicemobilityandoptimizednetworkuseWiMaxMobileAccessHSPALTEFixedWirelessAccessAccess接入网FixedAccessGPONFixedLinexDSLWLAN6/2/20164Intelligentmulti-accessedgeprovidingmobilityandQoSMultiAccessEdge多业务接入边缘IPsessioncontrolEdgeRoutingPolicyControlDeep-packetinspectionSecurityMediaGatingMobilityChargingControlAccessinterworkingQoSenforcementSubscriberAccessManagement6/2/20165Reachabilityforend-to-endconnectivityStandardServices/IMS核心网－电信网络业务控制MultimediasessioncontrolAuthenticationSoftswitchIdentymanagementPushtotalkMultimediatelephonyMessagingPresenceIPaddressallocation6/2/20166PartofOperatorsMultimediaOfferingServiceLayer业务网IPTVMobileTV3rdpartyservicesCustomizedapplicationsHDTVVODVoIPAdvertisingMiddleware6/2/20167CostperBitOptimizationwithCommonTransportTransport(OpticalandIP/Ethernet)传输+IP承载网CarrierEthernetNextGenSDHCWDM/DWDMOTNMicrowavePTNMulticastRoutingVPN6/2/20168IntegratedNetworkandElementMgmtSystemsEndtoEndManagement网络管理系统ReportingFaultMgmInventoryMgmTroubleMgmPerformanceMgmServiceManagementNetworkManagement6/2/201696/2/201610ProtocolStacks---OSI&TCP/IPOSIStackTCP/IPApplicationPresentationSessionTransportNetworkLinkPhysicalApplication(HTTP,FTP,Telnet…)TCP/UDPIPNetworkaccesslayer网络接入层最常用的二层技术为以太网IEEE802.x1.Internetworking2.LogicalLinkControl(LLC)3.CSMA\CD4.TokenBus5.TokenRing6.MetropolitanAreaNetworks6/2/2016117.BroadbandTechAdvisoryGroup8.FiberOpticTechAdvisoryGroup9.IntegratedVoice&DataNetworks10.NetworkSecurity11.WirelessNetworks12.DemandPriorityAccessLAN'sIEEE802.2IEEE802.3IEEE802.4IEEE802.5IEEE802.6UpperTransportInternetLinkPhysicalWhatishighavailabilityinTelecomnetwork?-99.999%DPM—DefectsperMillion“HighAvailability”6/2/201612AvailabilityDPMDowntimePerYear(24x365)99.000%100003Days15Hours36Minutes99.500%50001Day19Hours48Minutes99.900%10008Hours46Minutes99.950%5004Hours23Minutes99.990%10053Minutes99.999%105Minutes99.9999%130Seconds电信网络对同步有严格要求(3G为例）（信号传输与计费）IubCNRNCNodeBUEIuUu网络同步节点同步帧同步无线接口同步6/2/201613频率同步和时间同步的区别时间同步：两个表每时每刻的时间都保持一致;频率同步：两个表的时间不一样，保持一个恒定的差6/2/201614RAN对同步的需求GSM/WCDMA采用异步基站技术，此时只需要做频率同步，精度要求0.05ppm（或者50ppb）TD-SCDMA/CDMA2000采用同步基站技术，除了频率同步外，还需做时钟相位同步（等效于时间同步），目前主要采用基站GPS解决6/2/201615无线制式时钟频率精度要求时钟相位同步要求GSM0.05ppmNAWCDMA0.05ppmNATD-SCDMA0.05ppm±1.5usCDMA20000.05ppm±1.5usWiMaxFDD0.05ppmNAWiMaxTDD0.05ppm1usLTE-TDD0.05ppm0.04usLTE-FDD0.05ppm4us目录•全业务通信网络架构•无线接入网络（移动通信网络）•有线接入网络（固网语音＋宽带）•传送网（传输网）•IP宽带数据网（IP数据承载网）•网管系统（OSS）•Q&A6/2/201616WirelessAccess6/2/2016176/2/201618TheMainCellularStandards(1/2)YearStandardMobileTelephoneSystemTech-nologyPrimaryMarkets1981NMT450NordicMobileTelephonyAnalogueEurope,MiddleEast1985TACSTotalAccessCommunicationSystemAnalogueEuropeandChina1986NMT900NordicMobileTelephonyAnalogueEurope,MiddleEast1991GSMGlobalSystemforMobilecommunicationDigitalWorld-wide1991TDMA(D-AMPS)(IS136)TimeDivisionMultipleAccess(Digital-AMPS)DigitalNorthandSouthAmerica1993CdmaOne(IS95)CodedivisionmultipleaccessOneDigitalN.America,Korea1992GSM1800GlobalSystemforMobilecommunicationDigitalEurope1994PDCPersonalDigitalCellularDigitalJapan1995PCS1900PersonalCommunicationServicesDigitalNorthAmericaTheMainCellularStandards(2/2)YearStandardMobileTelephoneSystemTechno-logyPrimaryMarket1999UMTSR99UMTSDigitalWorldwide2000GPRSGPRSDigitalWorldwide2001EDGEEDGEDigitalWorldwide2001GSM800GSMDigitalNorthAmerica2002HSDPA(R5)UMTSDigitalWorldwide2004HSPAUMTSDigitalWorldwide2006GSM450GlobalSystemforMobileCommunicationDigitalWorldwide–ItcanbeusedasfallbacksolutionforGSM800/900/1800/19002007HSPAEvolvedUMTSDigitalWorldwide2008LTEUMTSDigitalWorldwide6/2/2016202G-GSM(GlobalSystemforMobile)WirelessAccess6/2/201621GSMRecommendations(ETSI)SeriesContent01General02Serviceaspects03Networkaspects04MS-BSSinterfaceandprotocol05Physicallayerontheradiopath06Speechcodingspecification07TerminaladaptorforMS08BSS-MSCinterface09Networkinterworking10Serviceinterworking11Equipmentandtypeapprovalspecifications12OperationandmaintenanceGSMNetworkSystemModeSGSNGGSNGMSCPSTNISDNPLMNRBSsSDHNetworkIPBackboneOSSPCUBSC/TRCSTM/TDMBasedTransitNetworkHLRAuCEIRMMSMPSFNRILRSDPSCPBGWSOGInternetIntranetMSC/VLR6/2/201622RangesforDifferentTypesofMS6/2/201623ACell小区Cell6/2/201624MSCServiceAreacell6cell1cell5cell4cell2cell3MSCLA16/2/201625LA3LA5LA4VLRRelationBetweenAreasinGSMGSMServiceAreaPLMNServiceArea(oneperoperator)MSCServiceAreaLocationAreaCell6/2/201626LEGENDMSCBoundaryBSCBoundaryPCMLinksBaseStationPSTNMSCServiceArea2MSCServiceArea1MSC/VLR2BSC1CBSC2BBSC1ABSC2ABSC2CBSC1BHLREIRAUCGMSCMSC/VLR1NetworkHardwareExampleView6/2/201627NetworkLogicalExampleViewLA1-BLA1-ALA2-DLA2-ACell2-A-25LA2-BLEGENDMSCBoundaryBSCBoundaryPCMLinksBaseStationLA2-CHLRMSC/VLR1MSCServiceArea2MSCServiceArea1MSC/VLR26/2/201628Roaming漫游MSC/VLRMSC/VLRLA1LA2HPLMN6/2/201629VPLMNUplinkandDownlinkonaRadioChannelUPLINK6/2/201630DOWNLINK双工的通信模式－FDD/TDD•FDD的双向通道，是两个频段，所以叫做频分双工，FDD模式的特点是上下行频率分离在两个对称频率信道上，系统进