1第二章电路的分析方法P39习题二2-1题2-1图题2-1等效图解:334424144IRRIRIRRI①33341445IREIIRRIR②344443363IIII,344215II34815II①33444621IIII,345623II3410123II,34506015II,A2930,302933II代入①A2916,293081544II另外,戴维南等效图3R2R4R5R3I1I5I4IE+-1R2I2A29549296I5回归原图3355IRIRE,所以A293042954163I2-2答由并联输出功率400w所以每个R获得功率RUP2,W1004400)(484,2201002RR改串联后:W25422220PP222总消耗输出RU2-3题2-3等效图313212123121112111RRRRRR,13213223121123122RRRRRR213213123121123133RRRRRR6V+-19205Ib1123121a1233)(913910312953125225231abR2-4题2-4△-Y变换(一)图题2-4△-Y变换(二)图题2-4△-Y变换(三)图abcR31R32R32R32R31R31bcR92R92R92aR31R31R314题2-4等效星型图2-5解:22.5A题2-5(c)图bacR95R95R95+-5V23+-5V210A2+-20V2题2-5(b)图+-10V225A题2-5(a)图52-6用两种电源等效互换的方法,求电路中5Ω电阻上消耗的功率。习题2-6图解:由两源互换,原图可变为下图A194215,所以:W551252RIP2-7+-10V2题2-5(d)图25A5A2322515V+-1A2V++--4V1I6题2-7图解:①IIIIIII44.011648.0120102121IIIIIII102905150102121III15)(44021,I16450A8225A16450I1622501501I所以:A875A1615016225024001I164500292IA435161401645004640164500401162I②isgiRIREU12V2225418.0310290150414.018.01104.01168.0120U所以:A8225414450RUIW31641622548225222RRIP2-8试用支路电流法和节点电压法求如图所示各支路的电流。7题2-8图①12133215050251000IIIIIII11331)3(1015)(507502IIIIIA1,A21321III②isgiRIREU12V505035015050150150105010050255025U所以:123A215025,A150100IUIUI2-9用叠加原理求图中的电流I。+++---100V25V50503I2I1IU25V50题2-8参考方向图8题2-9图解:由叠加原理可知原图可变为下(a)、(b)两图之和。'III(a)中A52232'I(b)中A59A3233I所以A511I2-10用叠加原理求如图所示电路中的电压abU及元件ab消耗的功率。(电阻单位为Ω)题2-10图解:由叠加原理可有:3241A3I)(b12342V+-'I(a)9(a)图中:A16612'I,(b)图中A5.25666I所以:A5.3'III故W5.735.321V;2165.32ababRIPU2-11题图a)中,V10,,V12ab4321URRRRE。若将理想电压源去掉后,如图b),试问此时abU?6612V+-ab'I(a)+65AI(b)6612V+-5AabI10解:由叠加原理可知,b)图等于a)图减c)图,即:两电流源共同作用的响应,等于总的响应减去电压源单独作用的响应。由已知,V10U而C)图中,V34RREU所以:V7310'UUU2-12求:(1)题图中端点a、b处的戴维南和诺顿等效电路。(2)如果用1Ω电流表跨接在a、b处,将通过多大电流?题2-12图解:3421212abRV3101211022110baabVVU所以,等效戴维南电路与诺顿电路如下:RRRRIabIa)U+-+-E—RRRRabc)U+-+-ERRRRIabIb)'U+-=1112R时A7103411310abI所以电流表的读数约为1.43A2-13应用戴维南定理求图中1Ω电阻的电流。解:由于1为研究对象,所以与电流源串联的2和理想电压源并联的5每个电阻对1不起作用,因此电路图为(b)图①将1Ω电阻开路,如(c)图,V3010104baabVVU②去源后,如(d)图:4abR4110V10A+-I(b)410V10A+-ab(c)V31034ab+-.5A234ab等效戴维南电路等效诺顿电路4ab(d)12戴维南等效电路如(e)图A61430I2-14试用戴维南定理和诺顿定理求图中负载LR上的电流。题2-14图解:由戴维南定理,等效图如下图(a),①V1102220abU②去源251005050abR化简后见(b)图ab5050220VabU+-(a)30V+-41I(e)13A15225025110LI而诺顿等效电路如图(c):A522502200IA1522522315025250II2-15解:题2-15图50A522baI25(c)110V+-2550ba(b)+-UR+12V4kΩa)U12I36912b)14①当V120,UI②当0U,A3104123mI故当),0(R时,R中的I与U的点的轨迹为直线中在第一象限中的线段。第三章电路的暂态分析习题三3-1习题3-1图解:a)图中V150)0()0(CCuu;A5)0(i,A1510150)0()0(1CRuiA5)(V,50)(Ciub)图中A1196466//426)0()0(LLii,A1115)0(iV0)0(Lu,V1112119)42(6)0(A,119)0()0(LLuiiA1)(iV,0)(LLu3-2解:V818)0()0(A,18443)0()0(CCLLuuii4))0(3()0()0(2)0(LCLLiuiu,代入得:A1)0()0(V,28124)13()0(LCLiiuV0)(V,1243)(,0)()(LCCLuuii153-3解:V601010106)0()0(33CCuu,闭合后,为零输入响应。s01.0102105102)63633(636kkkkkRCV60)0()(1001CCtteeutu,A012.0)100(60102)()(1001006CCtteedttduCti3-4解:FCCC2021eq,0t,为零状态响应。V20)(SCUus12.01020106632eqCRCRV)1(20)1)(()(12.011CCtteeutu3-5解:本题为零状态响应。s22.162.16410eqRL3-4题电容电压曲线图ut020Vuti60V0.012A3-3题电容电压电流曲线图16A346646462.118)(Li,)1)(()(1LLteitiA)1(3)(21Lteti3-6解:V8885316)0(C)0(Cuu,0)(cusCR56102.91013)85854(所以:tteu2.910)(C58tttteeedtduCi4551007.12.9102.91056)(CC13.12.94.10)2.910(81013tteeiu441007.11007.1C43.013.11358553-7解:A32353A56212211213)0(L)0(LiiA56212211213)(Li,S592121132Rttteei9595)(L4.22.1)5656(56tttteeiLu9595')(L)(L4)95)(4.2(3)()(L)(L)(L21ttttiiui所以ttttttttteeeeeeeei9595959595959595)(6.18.126.38.12)4.22.1(232)4.22.1(21)4.22.1(173-8解:A5A1021)0(L)0(LmmiiA1510110A53)(Lmmi,s102//111RL3kk所以:ttttteeeeiiii500105102121)(L)0(L)(L)(L10151015)155(15)(233-9如图所示电路中,t=0时,开关S闭合,试求0t时,(1)电容电压Cu;(2)B点的电位BV和A点的电位AV的变化规律。假设开关闭合前电流已处于稳态。习题3-9图解:V5.1405121025510663)0(C)C(0uu1V10510525633)(CuskkkkkkRC7122312-12-106251010106252552551010010100//255所以:tteu6104.2)(C5.011.81.20t)(Lti)(ti)(Cti习题3.7曲线图18V05.056B104.2)(CA6VeuVtt3-10解:(0,1)t时。属于零状态响应V10)1()(C21)()(CueUutts110501020-63CR所以:)1(10)(ctteu,V32.6)1(1011Ceut,1t时,全响应。V5)(C'u,V32.6)0(C'us5.010501010-63CR所以:'''25.01)(C32.1532.15ttteeu习题3-10曲线图3-11解:A134465220)0(L)0(Lii,A5.540220)(Lis201402RL,所以:tttttteeeeei2020202020)(L521105.513115.25.5)135.64(115.5)5.0134(115.5)5.51344(5.5A214.52863.05.5521105.5521105.522)1.0(Leeit06.32u193-12解:15VV30301020)(cuV3)0(C)0(Cu