第三章冠词

1第三章冠词●不定冠词a,an1a+以辅音音素开头的单词，an+以元音音素开头的单词。注意：并非所有的元音字母前都用an，a和i开头的单词全部发元音，例e和o有例外：aEuropeancountry/aone-year-oldbabyU字母发/ju:/时，用a,如ausefulbook\auniform\auniversity\aUFO\ausedcarU字母发/ʌ/时，用an,如anuncle\anumbrella\anunluckyboy\anunderstandinggirl并非所有的辅音字母前都用a。anhour\anhonestperson\anMP3\anNBAplayerThereisa“u”inthewordbank.在单词“usually”中，有一个“u”字母。（字母b,c,d,g,j,k,p,q,t,u,v,w,y,z,都是辅音音素开头）Thereisan“h”intheword“hour”在单词hour中有一个“h”字母。（字母a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,都以元音音素开头）注意:大写元音字母AnArtFestival/anIceandSnowfestival/anIDcard/anEnglish-speakingcountry2不定冠词的用法1）某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物例Ihaveasister.我有一个姐姐。2）人或事的某一种类例Acamelisbiggerthanahorse.任何一头骆驼都比马大。3）表示有“一个”的意思，但不如one强，表示对比时必须用one。例Ihaveonebrother,nottwo.我有一个哥哥，不是两个。4）表示“每一”，不用every,例Onceaweek一周一次（用howoften提问）fivekilometersanhour一小时五公里（用howfast提问）fourdollarsakilo一公斤四美元（用howmuch提问）Thepriceofthehotelis230Yuananight旅馆的价格是每晚230元。（用what提问）5）物质名词具体化：例getasurprise有个惊喜，aheavyrain一场暴雨，agreatsuccess一次巨大的成功，6）固定用法,例Haveagoodtime玩的开心alotof很多abit一点点alittle一点点takeawalk散步havearest休息等inaminute一会儿之后haveacold感冒Haveaheadache头疼Inaminute一会儿alittle一点afew几个●定冠词1双方都知道的人或事，例Whereisthepostoffice?邮局在哪里?2第二次提到的人或事，例Oneday,Imetanoldwoman,Theoldwoman...3世界上独一无二的东西，例thesun太阳theearth地球themoon月亮capital首都4西洋乐器前，例playtheviolin弹小提琴5序数词，最高级前，但也可以用形容词性物主代词代替，例Englishisthemostimportantsubjectofallthesubjects英语是所有科目中最重要的科目。Lileiismybestfriend。MissLiismyfirstteacher但IlikeEnglishbest（副词最高级不加the）let’sseethepandasfirst（副词）。但let’stryitasecondtime.让我们再试一次，（又一次，不强调顺序）6普通名词构成的专有名词前加the，拼音字母构成的专有名词前面不加thetheChildren’sPalace少年宫theGreatWall长城theOlympicGames奥运会thePalaceMuseum故宫theSummerPalace颐和园theUnitedKingdom英国2theUnitedStates美国theWorldCup世界杯AprilFool’sDay愚人节Amazon亚马逊河AnimalWorld动物世界ChineseYoungPioneer少先队BeijingInternationalAirport北京国际机场Beijingopera京剧EiffelTower埃非尔铁塔GreenPeace绿色和平组织Hollween万圣节Internet英特网NotreNameCathedral巴黎圣母院NiagaraFalls尼亚加拉瀑布OxfordUniversity牛津大学SpringFestival春节PekingUniversity北京大学Qumolanma珠穆朗玛峰TeenTalk青少年论坛TiananmenSquare天安门广场WorldTradeCenter世贸中心7The+形容词，表示一类人，此时用复数例Theold老人therich有钱人8The+姓+s表示一家人，用作复数，例TheTaylors==(TheTaylorfamily)arelikemanyAmericanparents泰勒一家也像很多美国父母9有定语或定语从句修饰的表示特指的名词前，例Doyouknowthegirlinred?但不是有定语的名词都带the,haveyouseenablackbaglikethis?10有同位语的名词前面,例Haveyouseenthemovie---Mr.Bean?11东西南北前后左右加the,例intheeastofChina12普通地名都带the，例whereisthepostoffice?inthedesk但school,class,work,bed,church等单词前不带1）finishschoolleaveschool毕业gotoschoolafterschoolatschoolgotocollegeincollegeIt’stimeforschoolSchoolstartsat8:002）atworkafterworkgotoworkstartworkWorkmustcomefirst.3）afterclassinclassbeforeclassClassisover.Itistimeforclass4）gotobedinbedIt’stimeforbed5）gotochurchgotocharitygotosummercamp11固定搭配Thesame,同样theonly惟一的allthetime,一直atthemoment此刻，inthemorning在早晨thedaybeforeyesterday,前天thedayaftertomorrow后天ontheonehand一方面,ontheotherhand另一方面thenumberofstudents学生的数量●零冠词，即不加冠词的情况1人名，地名，国名，语言前不加冠词例IlikeEnglishbest但IliketheEnglishlanguage我喜欢英语。练习Thisis____usefullbookforbeginnersin____English.2学科名词，一日三餐，球类运动，棋类前不加冠词例ScienceismyfavoritesubjectIhave3eggsforbreakfast。但Ihaveaquickbreakfast3节日，星期，月份，季节前不加冠词，例onSunday,inspring,inMay,onChildren’sDay4复数名词或不可数名词前例Shethinksthrillersarescary.他认为恐怖片很可怕Helikesbroccoli.他喜欢菜花。5用by表示乘交通工具前不加the,但其他介词后的交通工具加the如bybusonfootbyaccident偶然bymistake不小心ontheschoolbus,inthecar6固定用法：atnightatnoonatmidnightwaitinline排队等候cutinline插队fromactivitytoactivity一个活动接着一个活动wifeandhusband夫妻knifeandfork刀叉fatherandson父子introuble陷于困境insilence默默地indanger危险中insurprise在惊讶中incommon共同senditintospace送往太空inspace在太空中onvacation度假onholiday度假32011—20131.Thisnovelcanmakeyoulaughandcryat_______sametime.A.aB.anC.theD./2.Weusuallygotoschoolonweekdays,andsometimesgotocinemaatweekends.A.不填;theB.the;theC.the;不填D.不填；不填3.Afterschoolweusuallyplay___basketballforhalfanhouron___playground.A.the;theB.不填;不填C.不填;theD.the;不填6.It'snot__goodideatodriveforfourhourswithout_____break.A.a;aB.a:theC.the;aD.the;the7.—Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture，Nick?—Iwanttobe__________pilot.Itis________excitingjob.A.a；aB.a；anC.the；anD.a；the9.—Haveyouseen______pen?Ileftoneherethismorning.—Isit___________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the11.OurChineseteachertoldus____interestingstoryand_____storywasaboutThomasEdison.A.an;aB.the;theC.a;theD.an;the12.—Who’sthatlovelygirl?—Youmean______girlwithlonghair?That’sKate.A.aB.anC.theD.不填13.--Didyouseethefilmlastnight?--Yes,Ihaveneverseen____excitingfilmbefore.A.suchaB.soanC.suchanD.soan14.Ireallylike______bookyoulentmeyesterday.A.aB.anC.theD./15.—Is________magazineyours,Joe?—No,Ididn’thave______magazine.A.a;aB.the;theC.the;a18Susanjoinedanartclubat＿＿＿ageofsixandpaintswell.A.theB.anC.a19.Johncanplay_____guitar,buthecan’tplay______chess.A.the;/B./;theC.the;the20.—Whatusefulbookitis!—Yeah,ittellsyouhowtoplayguitar.A.an；theB.a；aC.a；theD.an；a24.LiNaplays______tennisverywell.Shehasbecome______firstAsianwomantoreachaGrandSlam(大满贯)final.A.a;theB./;theC.the;aD./;a25.MissLinwantstoloseweight.Shejusthas_____cupofmilkfor_____breakfasteveryday.A.a;theB.a;(不填)C.the;aD.the;(不填)27.Yesterdaywewentto_____amusementpark