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燃气锅炉的发展与经济性比较中英文翻译GasboilercomparisonwiththedevelopmentoftheeconomyinbothChineseandEnglishtranslation摘要：本文对三种炉型的比较，得出优选燃气锅炉的结论。Pickto:inthispaper,thecomparisonofthreekindsoffurnacetype,cometotheconclusionthatoptimizinggasboiler.1前言1introduction随着社会经济的发展和环保要求的提高，海口市作为海南生态旅游省的省会城市，在能源结构上发生了巨大的变化。建省以前，海口市绝大部分工业企业及居民用户使用煤炭作燃料，有的甚至用木柴作燃料（海南大学学生食堂亘到1998年7月才放弃木柴）。建省后，海南经济迅速发展，民用燃料渐渐被液化石油气或天然气替代，现气化率达95％以上。而工业用燃料除几家大型企业外，亦逐渐被柴油或重油替代。但是2000年以后，三亚崖-l3天然气，东方八所-l天然气和澄迈福山天然气田的开发以及大量的进日液化石油气供应，使海南省的气源不断增加；如何有效利用省内气源，调节冬夏季高低的用气矛盾，减少大气污染，真正把海南建设成为生态省，就应扩大工业用气量。在海南多数工业用户和酒店等公福用户均使用蒸汽锅炉。而燃煤锅炉，对大气的污染和对能源的浪费是惊人的，但它作为一种机械设备在国民经济发展中却又是必不可少的。据海南省技术监督局锅炉处不完全统计，海日市有180余台燃油、燃煤锅炉，要提高海日市大气质量，唯一方法是用燃气锅炉代替燃煤，燃油锅炉，下面对燃气锅炉的发展及经济性进行分析。Withthedevelopmentofsocialeconomyandimprovementofenvironmentalprotectionrequirements,asthecapitalcityofecologicaltourisminhainanprovincehaikoucity,greatchangeshavetakenplaceintheenergystructure.Province,forthemostpartofhaikouindustrialenterprisesandresidentialusersusecoalasfuel,someevenusingwoodasfuel(hainanuniversitystudentcanteenanimationuntilJuly1998togiveupthewood).Province,hainanrapideconomicdevelopment,civilgraduallyreplacedbyliquefiedpetroleumgasornaturalgas,fuelvaporizationrateabove95%.Andindustrialfuel,inadditiontoseverallargeenterprise,isgraduallyreplacedbydieseloilorheavyfueloil.But2000yearslater,cliff-sanyal3gas,naturalgasandChengMaifushaneasteight-lgasfielddevelopmentandalargesupplyofliquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)intotheday,makegrowingsourceofhainanprovince;Howtoeffectivelyuseairsupplyintheprovince,adjusttheheightofgasduringsummerandwinterseasons,reduceairpollution,realtobuildhainanintoaecologicalprovince,shouldexpandtheindustrialgasuse.Inhainaninthemajorityofindustrialusersandhotelpublicfusersareusingsteamboiler,etc.Andcoal-firedboiler,atmosphericpollutionandwasteofenergyisamazing,butitservesasakindofmechanicalequipmentinthenationaleconomicdevelopmentbutisalsoessential.Accordingtoincompletestatistics,thetechnicalsupervisionbureauofhainanprovinceboiler,seacityhasmorethan180setsfuel,coal-firedboiler,toimprovethequalityofsea,air,theonlywayistoreplacecoalwithgasfiredboiler,oilboiler,inthefaceofthegasboilerandthedevelopmentofeconomyisanalyzed.2锅炉选型的原则2theboilertypeselectionprinciple在城区规划，锅炉改造，环境治理等工作中对锅炉台理选型是降低污染，节约能源，合理开支的重要环节。选用锅炉主要应考虑以下原则。Transformationinurbanplanning,boiler,environmentalgovernanceandsoonworkprincipleofboilerinthetypeselectionistoreducepollution,saveenergy,animportantpartofthereasonableexpenses.Selectstheboilermainshouldconsiderthefollowingprinciples.2.1用户实际对热能的需求量2.1useractualdemandforheat用户使用锅炉不外乎用蒸汽或热水去制冷、采暖、消毒、洗涤或工艺上加热其他物质，这首先要知道需用多少热水（蒸汽）才能满足需要。一般情况下对工艺需用的蒸汽量，设计院在设计时通过工艺的计算有一个明确的量的要求。对热能的需求量确定之后，选用锅炉时，可按其标准的蒸发量选取。进行选择同时要考虑所选锅炉的适应性，因为燃气燃烧器由于气源不同，其热值、压力均不相同。Userswithsteamorhotwaterboilerisnothingmorethantorefrigeration,heating,disinfection,washingorprocessheatingonothermaterials,thefirsttoknowneedhowmuchhotwater(steam)tomeettheneed.Normallysteamforprocessneed,designinstitutethroughtheprocessofcalculationinthedesignofhaveadefinitevolumerequirements.Afterthedeterminationofheatdemand,whenchoosingboiler,canbeaccordingtothestandardselectionofevaporation.Choosewanttoconsidertheadaptabilityoftheselectedboileratthesametime,becausethegasburnerbecauseairisdifferent,thecalorificvalueandpressurearenotthesame.2.2海口环保对锅炉排放的要求2.2environmentalhaikouforboileremissionsrequirements为有效地保护环境，要防止边治理污染边制造污染。锅炉烟气是主要的大气污染源之一，因此我国环境保护局和国家技术监督局于1992年5月发布了《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》（GB13271-91），该标准对原始含尘浓度，锅炉烟尘允许排放浓度及SOX，NOX最高允许排放浓度，分别根据一、二、三类地区对环境保护的不同要求做了详细明确的说明和规定。Toeffectivelyprotecttheenvironment,preventingpollutionandpolluting.Boilerfluegasisthemainsourceofatmosphericpollution,thereforeourcountryenvironmentalprotectionbureauandthestatebureauoftechnicalsupervisionissuedinMay1992bytheboilerairpollutantemissionstandard(GB13271-91),thestandardoftheoriginaldustconcentration,boilersmokeallowedemissionconcentrationandSOX,NOXmaximumallowableemissionconcentration,respectively,accordingtoone,two,threeareasforthedifferentrequirementsofenvironmentalprotectionhasmadethedetailedclearinstructionsandregulations.燃油锅炉虽然在烟尘排放大大低于燃煤锅炉，但燃油锅炉SOX和NOX排放量却远远高于燃气锅炉。人们在比较燃煤和燃油锅炉时往往忽略了燃油锅炉的SOX和NOX，等到酸雨成灾再考虑脱硫时已晚矣。Fueloilboilerincarbonismuchlowerthancoal-firedboiler,fuelboilerSOXandNOXemissionsfarhigherthanthatofgasboiler.PeopletendtoignorewhenmorecoalandoilburningboilerintheboilerofSOXandNOX,andwaitforacidrainbyconsideringdesulfurizationhasbeenlateagain.所以客观地说，燃气锅炉无论是从环保角度还是从能源利用角度来说都是较为理想的，这主要是由于气体燃料比固体、液体燃料更易充分燃烧，燃烧热效率更高。Soobjectivelyspeaking,gasboiler,whetherfromtheperspectiveofenvironmentalprotectionorenergyperspectiveismoreideal,thisismainlyduetothegasfuelmorefullythansolid,liquidfuelcombustion,combustionthermalefficiencyishigher.2.3锅炉的设置费用2.3setupfeeoftheboiler用户在设置锅炉房时必须考虑锅炉房锅炉设置的经济性，从而使所选用的锅炉既满足上述要求又节省投资费用，主要从以下几个方面考虑：Usersmustconsiderwhensettingupboilerroomboilerroomsetofboilerefficiency,sothattheselectedboilerbothsatisfytheaboverequirementandsavetheinvestmentcost,mainlyfromthefollowingseveralaspectstoconsider:①锅炉设备费用（机组）；(1)boilerequip