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八年级上学期第七课短语归纳Beusedtodosth被用于做……被用于upto……达到Afishingfod钓鱼竿setoff出发，启程Bambooraft竹筏inthelateafternoon傍晚Hang…from挂在……上enablesb.todosth使得……能做……Bring…backto…将……取回来not…anymore不再Remove…from…从……上移走，搬走bedividedbetween…将……分给……traditionalChineseskill中国传统技艺bewidelyused被广泛使用Nolonger不再thepartleft剩下的部分Awayoflife生活方式inthesameway以同样的方式Cutout剪出backgroundknowledge背景知识Commonsense常识passivevoice被动语态Activevoice主动语态afilmcrew电影摄制组Theshapeofthebody体型commonlyusedwords常用词Wellbuilt体型匀称的haveabeard/moustache留胡子Doughsculpting面试（工艺）adoughsculptor面塑师Cooldown冷却glutinousriceflourTheancientChineseculture古老的中国文化blacktea红茶Herbaltea药茶process…into….处理成…..Themajorityof大部分clearof清除，摆脱单选1.TheOlympicGames_________everyfouryears.A.areheldB.wereheldC.areholdingD.willhold2.We_________toclosethewindowsbeforeweleftthelab.A.tellB.toldC.weretoldD.aretold3.A.tellB.toldC.woretoldD.aretoldA.builtB.buildsC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt4.Jolin’slatestalbum________asexpectedlastmonth.A.wassoldoutasgoodB.soldaswellC.soldasgoodD.wassoldsawell5.Somefamouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshowB.wereshownC.isshownD.willbeshown6.It’ssaidinthenewspaperthat215morenewschools_______inShenzhenby2015.A.arebuildingB.werebuiltC.havebuiltD.willbebuilt7.Intheartshow,alotofenjoyment________toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepainting.A.isgivingB.isgivenC.willgiveD.hasgiven8.Smoking________inmanycountries,sodon’tsmokehere.A.allowsB.isallowedC.doesn’tallowD.isn’tallowed9.Itissaidthatpotatochips________bymistakesaboutahundredyearsago.A.inventB.inventedC.areinventedD.wereinvented10.-DoyouknowwhodesignedtheCD-ROMAroundtheWorldinEightHours.-Yes.It_________byNancyJackson.A.hasdesignedB.designedC.wasdesignedD.designs11.-Whatacleanclassroom!-It_________everyday.12.Children________tokeepawayfromthemedicinefortheirsafety.A.aretoldB.tellC.aretellingD.told13.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_______withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.servesC.isservedD.served14.Thiskindoffood_________cool,cleananddryaccordingtotheinstruction.A.shouldbecarriedB.mustbeputC.shouldbeplacedD.mustbekept15.-Tfheysaythere’sanewrestaurantnearby.-Yes,andit_______fornomorethanaweek.A.hasbeenopenB.opensC.isopeningD.isopened句子解释1.Whatdoeshelooklike?2.Howtallareyou?3.Weuseelectricityeverywhere.4.Ofthetworunners,Stevenrunsfaster.5.Itisrainingcatsanddogs.初二年级阶段不规则动词变化表一,AAA型costcostcostcutcutcuthithithithurthurthurtletletletputputput二、AAB型（原形与过去式相同，但与过去分词不同）beatbeatbeaten三、ABA型（过去式不同，原形和过去分词相同）becomebecamebecomecomecamecome四、ABB型（原形不同，但过去式与过去分词相同）digdugduggetgotgothanghangedhangedhanghunghungholdheldheldhandhandedhandedsitsatsatwinwonwonmeetmetmetkeepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweepsweptsweptfeelfeltfeltsmellsmeltsmeltleaveleftleftbuildbuiltbuiltlendlentlentsendsentsentspendspentspentloselostlostburnburntburntlearnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantcatchcaughtcaughtteachcaughttaughtbringbroughtbroughtfightfoughtfoughtbuyboughtboughtsellsoldsoldtelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughthearheardheardsaysaidsaidfindfoundfoundhave/hashadhadmakemademadestandstoodstoodunderstandunderstoodunterstood五、ABC型（原形、过去式以及过去分词各不相同）beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunkringrangrungsingsangsungswimswamswumblowblewblowngrowgrewgrownshowshowedshownbreakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosenforgetforgotforgottenspeakspokespokenwakewokewokendrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenriseroserisentaketooktakenmistakemistookmistakendodiddonegowentgonelielaylaidseesawseenwearworewornbeam/iswasbeenarewerebeen被动语态详解语态是用来说明主语和谓语两者关系的一种动词形式。主动语态句中的主语是动作的执行者或发行者，被动语态句中的主语是动作的承受者。主动语态变被动语态是初中英语语法重点之一，也是全国各地中考必考的考点之一。英语动词的被动语态有助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成，be必须与主语的人称、数保持一致。被动语态的时态也是通过be的变化表示的。初中阶段主要掌握以下三种：(1)一般现在时的被动语态：is/are+过去分词(2)一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词(3)含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must等+be+过去分词。例如：Treesareplantedeveryyear.Thebottlewasfilledwithwaterbythelittleboy.Theworkmustbefinishedinaweek.1.主动语态变被动语态(1)带双宾语的动词变被动语态，常把指人的间接宾语做被动句的主语，也可以把指物的直接宾语做被动句的主语，这时间接宾语前需加介词to或for，to可省略，for不可省略。例如：Hegavemeabook．Iwasgivenabook．或Abookwasgiven(to)me．(to可省略)Motherboughtmeabikelastmonth．Iwasboughtabikelastmonth．或Abikewasboughtformelastmonth．(for不可省略)(2)短语动词的被动语态。有些短语相当于一个及物动词，在变被动语态时，其后面的介词不可省略。如：Thebabyislookedafterwell．ThesethingsweretakengoodcareOfhere．(3)含有宾语补足语的句子中，那些感官动词和使役动词后面省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时要加to。例如：MothermademewashclotheslastSunday．IwasmadetowashclotheslastSunday.Isawyourmothergointotheshop.-yourmotherwasseentogointotheshop.2.不宜使用被动语态的几种情况(1)谓语虽然是及物动词，但这种动词不强调动作而强调状态，例如have，fit，sell，suit，cost，last，own等。例如：Wewillhaveameetingtomorrowmorning.Thecoatfitsmewell．Thebookssellwell．(2)宾语是从句、形式宾语、非谓语动词、反身代词、相互代词或含有物主代词时，也没有被动语态。例如：ItaughtmyselfEnglish．Hehasfinisheddoinghishomework．Wecanhelpeachother．Idon’tthinkthattheyarerightWefoundusefultolearnaforeignlanguage．(3)“动同+宾语”构成的短语动词是不可分割的整体时，不宜用被动语态．常见的有makeaface，takeplace,breakone’sword(失信)，keepone’sword(守信)等短语动词。如:Thenaughtyboymadenfaceinclass．Hehasbrokenhiswordsmanytimes．(4)祈使句一般不被动语态。因为其动作的执行者you足明确的，被省略了如：Cleantheblackboard,please.Don’tlookoutofthewindow(5)某些及物动词如leave,enter,join,reach等的宾语表示处所、地点或组织时，不宜用被动语态。如：Mymotherleftthatcitytenyearsago．Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago．(6)宾语是表示数量、长度、大小