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国家林业局林业调查规划设计证书号：林资证字甲A012号禄劝彝族苗族自治县林业发展“十二五”总体规划报告(初稿)禄劝县林业局云南省林业调查规划院二○○九年八月项目完成单位：云南省林业调查规划院森林资源调查二室主任：张清高级工程师副主任：潘正荣工程师董静曦正高级工程师主任工程师：姜华高级工程师项目负责人：潘正荣工程师技术负责人：段宏刚工程师董静曦正高级工程师项目参加人员：云南省林业调查规划院：潘正荣工程师董静曦正高级工程师段宏刚工程师杨德勇工程师禄劝县彝族苗族自治县林业局：杨述灿局长张桂君副局长刘海聪副局长孙正权办公室主任院长：赵元藩正高级工程师业务副院长：贠新华高级工程师总工程师：温庆忠高级工程师前言“十二五”时期是全面建设小康社会和整体推进林业工作的持续、快速、健康发展的重要时期。禄劝彝族苗族自治县林业产业经过了“十五”、“十一五”期间的持续发展，全县生态环境有了明显改善，林业事业有了长足进步，为全县国民经济的可持续发展及全面建设小康社会奠定了坚实的基础。“十二五”林业产业发展总体规划是落实自治县委、县人民政府确定的“生态建设产业化，产业发展生态化”林业发展目标任务，结合工作实际，在上级业务主管部门的具体指导下，认真贯彻和落实科学发展观的一个五年规划。禄劝彝族苗族自治县是一个少数民族自治的国家级特困县，财政支出主要靠上级财政支持。随着“天保工程”、“德援项目”、“退耕还林”三大工程在禄劝县稳步实施，森林资源在不断增加，生态环境明显改善，人民生活水平不断得到提高。然而由于林业特色产业发展缓慢，效益低，林农增收幅度小，全县林业产业优势没有得到充分的发挥。县林业局依据县情，顺应国家、社会经济发展的潮流，提出通过发展林业特色产业经济来调整林业产业化发展、增加林农收入。县林业局会同云南省林业调查规划院对规划区进行实地调查，并与各级部门以及部分林农、工、商户商讨座谈，征求他们的意见和建议，多渠道收集相关资料，作了认真的分析研究。编写了《禄劝彝族苗族自治县林业产业第十二个五年发展总体规划》。《总体规划》围绕全县国民经济和社会发展大局，以调整林业产业结构、深化集体林权制度改革为重点，以改善生态环境为目标，以保护和发展森林资源为中心，以科技兴林为手段，不断深化林业经营体制改革，整体推进林业工作的持续、快速发展。项目组2009年8月目录第1章基本情况·········································································11.1自然环境状况······································································11.2社会经济情况······································································21.3森林资源概况·······································································31.4“十一五”计划执行情况、成绩及存在问题································4第2章林业发展的条件与机遇·······················································52.1林业发展现状······································································52.2林业发展的有利条件和制约因素··············································7第3章林产品市场前景及发展趋势预测············································103.1木材产品市场发展趋势预测····················································103.2特色林产品市场需求与前景预测··············································123.3林下资源市场发展趋势预测····················································163.4野生动物驯养繁殖业市场发展趋势预测·····································183.5森林生态旅游业市场发展趋势预测···········································19第4章林业发展的指导思想和总体布局··········································214.1指导思想···········································································214.2原则·················································································214.3目标·················································································214.4规划期限···········································································224.5规划依据···········································································224.6总体规模布局·····································································23第5章林业发展“十二五”总体规划················································245.1林业资源开发利用与培育规划················································245.2生物多样性和野生动植物保护规划···········································435.3森林生态旅游发展规划··························································465.4林业科研和基础设施建设规划·················································47第6章投资概算及资金筹措···························································506.1投资构成············································································506.2总投资估算·········································································506.3资金筹措············································································53第7章产值预测（产量）及效益评价·············································547.1产值（产量）预测································································547.2效益评价············································································56第8章保障措施及建议·······························································608.1保障措施············································································608.2建议··················································································621第1章基本情况1.1自然环境状况1.1.1地理位置禄劝彝族苗族自治县隶属云南省昆明市。地处滇中北部，地理位置介于东经102°13′～102°57′、北纬25°25′～26°22′之间。1.1.2自然环境（1）地貌禄劝彝族苗族自治县地处南北向切割的横断山脉中段及滇池断陷带上，地形较为复杂。绵亘耸立的群山与深邃的江河溪涧相间，地表被纵横交错的溪河切割，南部较完整，中部和北部较破碎。最为明显的是自南向北而流的普渡河与自北向南而流的掌鸠河，把县境切割为三大块，形成很多断裂带。东部和东北部的翠华、中屏、九龙、转龙、乌蒙、雪山、则黑和马鹿塘等地区，地壳运动剧烈，地震和滑坡频繁。境内地势东北高、西南低，自东北向西南呈阶梯状缓降。雄峙东北的乌蒙雪山主峰马鬃岭为最高点，海拔4247.0m；普渡河与金沙江汇合处的小河口为最低点，海拔746.0m，相对高差3501.0m。（2）气候禄劝彝族苗族自治县处在北亚热带气候区属高原季风气候类型，由于地势高低悬殊，气候呈垂直变化，形成“一山分四季，十里不同天”的特点。全县冬春干旱，夏秋多雨，干湿分明，气候温和，冬无严寒，夏无酷2暑，四季如春。全县年平均气温15.6℃，最冷月12月平均气温8.1℃，最热月4～5月平均气温18.9℃，年极端最低气温-6.5℃，年极端最高气温34.3℃，≥10℃年活动积温在3000～4000℃之间。平均总降雨量920mm～960mm，相对湿度60～80％。全年总日照2323.4h。（3）土壤全县森林土壤共有8个土类，9个亚类，其中地带性土壤有红壤、黄棕壤、棕壤、暗棕壤、燥红土和草毡土(高山草甸土)，非地带性土壤有石灰土和紫色土。（4）河流禄劝彝族苗族自治县的河流均属金沙江水系。县内河流纵横，水资源丰富。县内河网总长4184.9km，密度为0.98km／km2，每平方公里水量为99.4万m3，地下径流量6.32亿m3，地表径流量16.16亿m3。境内大小河流431条，主要河流有普渡河和掌鸠河，支流有云龙河、丽山河和武定河等14条。1.2社会经济情况根据禄劝彝族苗族自治县《2008年禄劝彝族苗族自治县统计年鉴》统计：禄劝彝族苗族自治县辖13个乡、3个镇、194个村民委员会、2603个村民小组，全县总人口461933人，其中农业人口429805人，占全县人口总数的93.0%，人口自然增长率6.21‰，人口密度109人/km2。根据禄劝彝族苗族自治县《2008年禄劝彝族苗族自治县统计年鉴》统计：一、二、三产业结构比例为40.7：21.5：37.8。2007年全县生产总值217115万元(当年价)，其中：工农业总产值232052万元（现行价），农业3总产值144005万元。林业生产总值3298万元，林业产值占全县生产总值的1.5%，地方财政收入13788万元，地方财政总支出64470万元，农民人均纯收入2041元。1.3森林资源概况1.3.1林地林木资源根据2008年森林资源二类资源调查统计，全县土地总面积637.35万亩，其中林地面积448.52万亩，占全县总面积的70.37%；非林地面积188.83万亩，占全县总面积的29.63%。森林覆盖率为55.40%，林木绿化率68.42%，活立木总蓄积12