交通灯

毕业设计(论文)专业班级学生姓名学号课题基于单片机的智能交通控制系统（硬件）指导教师2010年6月5日毕业设计（论文）I基于单片机的智能交通控制系统摘要交通控制系统是近现代社会随着物流、出行等交通发展产生的一套独特的公共管理系统。要保证高效安全的交通秩序，除了制定一系列的交通规则，还必须通过一定的科技手段加以实现。本文在对目前交通控制进行深入分析的基础上，运用检测传感、实时调整智能化控制的实现技术，将传感器监测、实时调整车辆通行时间的算法与单片机控制作用相结合，提出了基于单片机的交通控制系统设计方案。8051单片机的交通灯控制系统由8051单片机、交通灯显示、LED倒计时、车流量检测及调整、违规检测、紧急处理、时间模式手动设置等模块组成。系统除基本交通灯功能外，还具有通行时间手动设置、可倒计时显示、急车强行通过、车流量检测及调整、交通异常状况判别及处理等相关功能。理论证明该系统能够简单、经济、有效地疏导交通，提高交通路口的通行能力。本设计主要做了如下几方面的工作：一是确定系统交通控制的总体设计，包括，十字路口具体的通行禁行方案设计以及系统应拥有的各项功能，二是进行传感器的硬件电路、显示电路等的设计和基本功能要求。关键词：交通控制，传感检测，AT89S51，倒计时显示毕业设计（论文）IIAbstractTrafficcontrolsystemisamodernsocietywithlogistics,traveletcoftrafficdevelopmentauniquesetofpublicmanagementsystem.Toensuretheeffectivesafetytraffic,exceptforaseriesoftrafficrules,stillmustthroughcertaintechnologicalmeanstoachieve.Basedonanalysisoftrafficcontrol,basedonreal-timedetectionsensor,adjusttheimplementationtechnologyofintelligentcontrol,real-timemonitoring,sensoradjustvehiclestimealgorithmandsingle-chipmicrocomputercontrolfunctionisproposed,whichcombinesthetrafficcontrolsystembasedonsinglechipdesignscheme.The8051microcontrollercontrolsystemconsistsofthetrafficlightsdisplay,8051monolithicintegratedcircuits,andLEDthecountdown,trafficviolationdetection,emergencyadjustment,manualmode,timeasmodules.Inadditiontothebasictrafficfunctionoutside,stillhavetimetomanuallyset,canpassthecountdown,carthatforcedthroughtraffic,inspectionandadjustment,transportationandprocessingabnormaldiscriminantfunctions.Theoryshowsthatthesystemcansimple,economicandeffectiverelievestraffic,improvethecrossroadscapacity.Thisdesignmainlydothefollowingaspects:oneistheworkofthetrafficcontrolsystemdesign,includingthecrossroads,specificdesignandsystemshouldberestrictedwitheachfunction,twoisthatthesensor,thehardwarecircuitdesignofthecircuitandthebasicfunctionandrequirement.KeyWords:trafficcontrol,sensingdetection,displayandcountdown，AT89S51毕业设计（论文）目录摘要...............................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT........................................................................................................................................II1绪论........................................................................................................................................11.1单片机交通控制系统的选题背景............................................................................................11.2单片机交通控制系统选题的现实意义....................................................................................11.3国内外研究现状及其发展.......................................................................................................31.3.1国内外交通控制技术........................................................................................................31.3.2交通控制存在的问题........................................................................................................61.4单片机交通控制系统主要研究的内容....................................................................................72单片机交通控制系统总体设计......................................................................................................82.1单片机交通控制系统的通行方案设计....................................................................................82.2单片机交通控制系统的功能要求............................................................................................92.3单片机交通控制系统的基本构成及原理..............................................................................113系统硬件电路的设计...................................................................................................................123.1系统硬件总电路构成及原理.................................................................................................123.1.1系统硬件电路构成..........................................................................................................123.1.2系统工作原理.................................................................................................................133.2AT89S51单片机简介.............................................................................................................133.2.1单片机的概述.................................................................................................................133.2.2AT89S51芯片内部结构简介...........................................................................................143.2.3主要引脚功能.................................................................................................................163.2.4AT89S51芯片最小系统..................................................................................................183.3其它硬件介绍及连接.............................................................................................................193.3.1车流量检测电路及模拟..................................................................................................193.3.2违规检测电路及模拟......................................................................................................223.3.3八段LED数码管..................................................................................................