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目录第一部分工程质量控制要点····························································-1-第一章路基工程···············································································-1-1.1清表及填前碾压质量控制要点············································-1-1.2一般路堤土方填筑质量控制要点········································-2-1.3路堤石方填筑质量控制要点···············································-5-1.4路堤土石混填路基质量控制要点······································-6-1.5特殊路段填方路堤的质量控制要点····································-7-1.6软基路段施工质量控制要点·············································-13-1.7一般路堑土石方开挖质量控制要点··································-17-1.8低填浅挖质量控制要点·····················································-19-1.9深挖路堑质量控制要点·····················································-20-1.10结构物回填质量控制要点···············································-21-1.11路基排水工程施工质量控制要点·····································-22-1.12砌石、支挡防护工程施工质量控制要点························-24-1.13高边坡锚固工程施工质量控制要点································-24-1.14路基拼接工程施工质量控制要点·····································-26-1.15拼接路段的补强措施质量控制要点·································-31-第二章路面工程···········································································-36-2.1路面基层、底基层施工质量控制要点······························-36-2.2沥青路面施工质量控制要点·············································-36-2.3混凝土路面施工质量控制要点··········································-39-2.4拼接施工的质量控制要点··················································-41-第三章桥梁工程···········································································-48-3.1钻孔灌注桩施工质量控制要点··········································-48-3.2人工挖孔桩施工质量控制要点··········································-52-3.3下部构造施工质量控制要点·············································-54-3.4上部构造预制、安装施工质量控制要点··························-55-3.5桥面系及附属工程施工质量控制要点······························-62-3.6桥梁拼接施工质量控制要点··············································-63-第四章交通安全设施工程····························································-66-4.1交通标志工程施工质量控制要点······································-66-4.2交通标线工程施工质量控制要点······································-66-4.3波形梁钢护栏施工质量控制要点······································-66-4.4防眩及视线诱导设施施工质量控制要点··························-67-4.5隔离栅施工质量控制要点·················································-68-4.6通信和电力管道与预埋（预留）基础施工质量控制要点·-68-第五章环保绿化工程···································································-70-5.1金属结构声屏障施工质量控制要点··································-70-5.2中央分隔带、互通区和管养区绿化施工质量控制要点···-70-5.3路侧绿化施工质量控制要点·············································-70-5.4施工阶段环保控制要点·····················································-71-第六章房建工程···········································································-72-6.1基础工程施工质量控制要点·············································-72-6.2主体工程施工质量控制要点·············································-72-6.3屋面工程施工质量控制要点·············································-74-6.4装饰工程施工质量控制要点·············································-74-6.5给排水工程施工质量控制要点··········································-76-第二部分工程质量通病及防治措施··············································-77-第一章路基工程·············································································-77-1.1路基外观质量病害及防治·················································-77-1.1.1路基沉陷·········································································-77-1.1.2路基边坡的塌方······························································-78-1.2路基填筑压实的质量通病及防治······································-79-1.3路肩、边坡的质量通病及防治··········································-83-1.4边沟、排水沟质量通病及防治··········································-85-1.5路基拼接施工中存在的问题及防治···································-86-第二章路面工程·············································································-88-2.1路面基层、底基层质量通病及防治措施··························-88-2.2沥青路面施工质量通病及防治措施··································-91-2.3路面拼接施工中存在的问题及防治措施·························-104-第三章桥梁的质量通病及防治····················································-106-3.1基础及下部构造质量通病及防治措施····························-106-3.2上部构造质量通病及防治措施········································-113-3.3桥面系质量通病及防治措施···········································-140-3.4桥涵拼接施工过程中存在的问题及防治措·····················-142--1-第一部分工程质量控制要点第一章路基工程1.1清表及填前碾压质量控制要点1、在放样时要注意路段内是否有超高或加宽路段被遗漏，原地面清表整平、压实后，应复核几何尺寸；2、做好原地面清表后土质的压实度试验，严格控制清表后原地面压实度，路堤基底应在填筑前进行压实，基底压实度不应小于90%；当路堤填土高度小于路床厚度（120cm）时，基底的压实度不小于路床的压实度标准。路基压实要求采用重型击实标准，路基填料最小强度、最大粒径及压实度应符合表1-1的规定。路基填料强度、压实度要求表1-1填挖类型路床顶面以下深度(cm)填料最小强度(CBR)(%)填料最大粒径(cm)压实度(%)填方路基上路床0～30810≥96下路床30～120510≥96上路堤120～190415≥94下路堤＞190315≥93零填及路堑路床0～120810≥96①除满足上表最低要求外，尚应满足设计图纸中注明的特殊要求。②路基压实度采用重型压实标准，按分层压实原则实施。3、在清表前尽量降低地下水位，做好隔离层，填方路堤基底视地形、土质、地下水位、填方边坡高度等不同进行相应处理。当发现软（弱）土试验或施工过程中影响设计的各种因素发生变化时，须补-2-充勘探、试验，并对原设计进行优化。土方路堤，必须根据设计断面，分层填筑，分层压实，用透水性不良的土填筑路堤时，应控制其含水量在最佳压实含水量±2%之内。采用机械压实时，分层的最大松铺厚度不应超过30cm，填筑至路床顶面最后一层的最小压实厚度不应小于10cm。1.2一般路堤土方填筑质量控制要点1、选择150~200m长度有代表性的地段，进行路堤填筑工艺试验，通过试验，确定包括机械组合方式、行进速度、压实遍数、填料最佳含水量、松铺厚度、粒径及检测方法等各项工艺技术参数，为全面施工提供依据。2、路基填方施工中，首先应选用合格填料，采用按横断面全宽纵向水平分层填筑。路堤分层填筑施工时，采用网格布土，推土机粗平，平地机精平，压路机组合碾压；严格控制松铺厚度，把好“五度”即平整度、路拱度、厚度、宽度和压实度，每填筑3层恢复一次中线；外观做到表