汽车行业消费者权益保护法律问题研究

沈阳理工大学学士学位论文1摘要本文对汽车消费市场的现状，以及暴露在汽车消费市场，面对市场对消费者权益的侵害三方的利益在中国的问题进行了总结，中国目前的汽车消费者权益保护立法的现状和不足，借鉴国外成熟的消费者权益保护相关法律法规和实践经验，对我国汽车消费者权益保护提出了法律和制度的几点建议。这不仅有助于维护汽车消费者的合法权益，我国对汽车动力的方向也具有非常重要的现实意义。文中采用相关分析方法，对中国汽车消费市场现状概述和暴露的问题研究，阐明了中国汽车消费者权益受侵害的原因，得出需要建立和完善法律和规范市场法规和规章来保护消费者的合法权益和汽车的结论，同时要求市场监管加强汽车行业的监督和管理，现有的行政资源，有效发挥保护消费者权益，规范汽车消费市场健康有序发展。本文第一部分是我国汽车消费市场概述。第二部分介绍国外汽车消费者权益保护的经验和启示。第三部分介绍我国汽车消费者权益保护立法现状和不足。第四部分针对目前我国汽车市场上侵害消费者权益的情况，提出对我国汽车消费者权益保护的几点建议。关键词：汽车消费者；消费者权益；产品召回；产品缺陷沈阳理工大学学士学位论文2AbstractThestatusoftheautomotiveconsumermarket,andexposedintheautomotiveconsumermarket,facetomarketofconsumerrightsandinterestsagainstthethirdparty'sinterestsinChinaaresummarized,thestatusanddefectsofChina'scurrentautomobileconsumerprotectionoftherightsandinterestsoflegislation,drawlessonsfromforeignmatureconsumerprotectionoftherightsandinterestsoftherelevantlaws,regulationsandpracticeexperience,toourcountryautomobileconsumerrightsandinterestsprotectionputforwardseveralsuggestionsonthelegalandinstitutional.Thisnotonlyhelpstomaintainthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoftheautomobileconsumers,butalsohasaveryimportantpracticalsignificanceforthedirectionoftheautomobilepower.Inthispaperthecorrelationanalysismethod,toChina'sautoconsumptionmarketoverviewandexposureof,clarifiestheChinaautomobileconsumerrightsandinterestsagainstreason,thatweneededtoestablishandperfectthelawsandregulationsofthemarketlawsandregulationstoprotectconsumerslegitimaterightsandinterestsandthecar'sconclusion,andmarketsupervisiontostrengthenthesupervisionandmanagementoftheautomotiveindustry,theexistingadministrativeresources,effectivelyprotecttherightsandinterestsoftheconsumers,thespecificationautomotiveconsumermarkethealthyandorderlydevelopment.ThefirstpartofthispaperistheoverviewofChina'sautoconsumptionmarket.Thesecondpartintroducesthelegislationandtheshortageoftheprotectionoftheautomobileconsumers'rightsandinterestsinChina.ThethirdpartintroducestheexperienceandEnlightenmentoftheprotectionofforeigncarconsumers'rightsandinterests..Thefourthpartisaboutthesituationoftheconsumers'rightsandinterestsintheautomobilemarketinChina,andputsforwardsomesuggestionsforprotectingtherightsandinterestsoftheautomobileconsumersinChina.KeyWords:Automobileconsumers;Consumerrights;Recallrate;Protectionofrightsandinterests;Legalissues沈阳理工大学学士学位论文3目录摘要.................................................................11引言...............................................................51.1研究背景及研究意义.............................................51.1.1研究背景.................................................51.2.2研究意义.................................................61.2研究的目的和方法...............................................61.2.1研究的目的...............................................61.2.2研究的方法...............................................62汽车消费者的相关理论概述.............................................82.1消费者概念.....................................................82.2消费者的法律特征...............................................82.2.1消费性质属于生活消费.....................................82.2.2消费客体是商品和服务.....................................92.2.3消费者的主体包括公民个人和进行生活消费的单位.............92.2.4消费方式包括购买、使用商品和接受服务.....................92.3汽车消费者的权利................................................93国外汽车消费者的权益保护............................................113.1国外对缺陷汽车的召回制度......................................113.1.1美国对缺陷汽车的召回制度................................113.1.2日本对缺陷汽车的召回制度................................113.2国外汽车消费者权益保护立法概述................................123.2.1美国的汽车消费者权益保护立法............................123.2.2日本的汽车消费者权益保护立法............................133.2.3韩国的汽车消费者权益保护立法.............................134我国汽车消费者权益保护的现状和问题..................................154.1我国汽车消费者权益保护的立法现状..............................154.1.1直接针对汽车的相关立法..................................154.2.2其他适用我国汽车消费的有关法律法规......................164.2我国汽车消费者权益保护现状....................................184.2.1我国汽车消费市场发展迅速................................184.2.2我国汽车消费市场个人消费占比扩大........................194.2.3汽车召回数量逐年递增....................................194.3我国汽车消费市场现存问题......................................204.3.1汽车消费投诉数量及类型增加..............................204.3.2汽车质量问题矛盾凸显....................................204.4我国汽车消费市场中侵害消费者权益的情况........................204.4.1汽车销售环节侵害消费者权益的情况........................204.4.2汽车售后服务环节侵害消费者权益的情况....................224.5我国汽车消费者权益保护存在的问题..............................23沈阳理工大学学士学位论文44.5.1《缺陷汽车产品召回管理规定》实施过程中还存在明显的问题..234.5.2“举证责任倒置”原则适用的局限性........................255我国汽车消费者权益保护问题的完善对策................................265.1存在问题的对策及解决办法......................................265.1.1完善《缺陷汽车产品召回管理规定》........................265.1.2完善“举证责任倒置”原则................................265.1.3建立解决消费纠纷的专门法庭..............................275.2健全和规范汽车市场监督管理体质................................275.2.1规范汽车经销商行为，加大政府对市场的监督与管理..........275.2.2制定严格、高水平的汽车售后服务标准......................285.2.3提高汽车零部件的国家标准................................29结语..............................................................