When-was-it-invented知识点整理及

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1.被用来2.考虑3.有道理4.电话是什么时候发明的?5.我认为是1876年发明的。6.它们是用来干什么的呢?7.你能帮我考虑一种发明吗?8.它真的是如此伟大的一项发明吗?9.考虑一下它在我们的日常生活中使用的多么频繁。10.不同发明的先锋都被列了出来。11.在那时,它还没有被广泛地应用。discover,invent和find都是动词,它们的词义相近,但是有区别:★discover意为“发现”,指发现某种本来存在,但以前未被发现或未为人所知的事物或现象。Thelostbikewasdiscoveredatthebusstop.丢了的自行车在公共汽车站那儿找到了。LaterIdiscoveredthathewassokind.后来我才发现他那么善良。★invent意为“发明”,指发明以前不存在的东西。Doyouknowwhoinventedthecomputer?你知道谁发明的电脑吗?★find意为“找到,发现”,指偶然发现或几乎没有困难地发现。Ifoundsomeoldphotosinthatdrawer.我在那个抽屉里发现了一些旧照片。练一练1).Edison_________theelectriclamp.2).Ilostmynecklacelastnight.Ihaven’t________it.3).Who___________Americafirst4).Thetelephone_______in1876.A.inventedB.wasinventedC.wasfoundD.wasdiscovered3.Canyouhelpmethinkofaninvention?Mypleasure.Mypleasure也可说成It’sa/mypleasure.或Apleasure,意思是“我的荣幸;愿为你效劳;这是件愉快的事”。—Willyoupleasehelpmetakethebookstotheclassroom?请你帮我把这些书带到教室里去好吗?—Mypleasure./It'sapleasure.愿为你效劳。★at(one's)pleasure随便Youarefreetocomeandgoatyourpleasure.来去自由,悉听尊便。★takepleasurein以某事为乐,喜欢做某事★withpleasure愉快地,高兴地,没问题4.Well,youdoseemtohaveapoint…youdoseemtohaveapoint…是个强调句,用“助动词do+谓语动词原形”的结构。Hedoeslookwell.他的确看起来气色很好。Youdidgivemeafright.你真把我给吓了一跳。5.haveapoint有道理Iadmit(that)youhaveapoint.我承认你有理。Iguessyouhaveapointthere.我想你说的有道理。1)mention表示“提到;提及”,是及物动词,其后接名词或代词作宾语时,无需用任何介词;另外注意不接双宾语。如:Henevermentionedhisgirlfriendtome./Henevermentionedtomethathehadagirlfriend.他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。2)若后接动词,要用动名词,不能用不定式WheneverImentionplayingfootball,hesayshe’stoobusy.我一提起踢足球,他就说太忙。3)nottomention意为“更不用说;还不算”HecanspeakFrench,GermanandJapanese,nottomentionEnglish.他会说法语,德语和日语,更不用说英语4)口语中说Don’tmentionit.主要用来回答感谢,有时也用来回答道歉。如:A:Thankyouverymuch.多谢你了。B:Don’tmentionit.不客气。A:I’msorrytohavetroubledyou.对不起打扰你了。B:Don’tmentionit.没关系。sectionB1a-1e流传到其它国家spreadtoothercountries偶然;意外地byaccident据说…Itissaid…在户外的火上overanopenfire掉入水中;落入水中fallintothewater发生;出现takeplace毫无疑问;的确withoutdoubt.bymistake错误地Itookhisbackpackbymistake.我错拿了他的书包。Heputsaltinhercupofteabymistake.他错把盐放进她的茶里。mistake1.n.错误Iusedtomakemistakesinspelling.我过去常常犯拼写错误。2.v.弄错;误解Youmistookmymeaningentirely.你完全误解了我的意思。mistake...for...错把……当成……Don'tmistakemeforanAmerican.不要把我误会成美国人。bymistake与byaccident1)bymistake意为“错误地”Itookherumbrellabymistakelastnightbecausetheyarethesamestyle.昨晚我错拿了她的雨伞,因为它们的样式一样。2)byaccident意为“偶然地;意外地”Theideacametohimbyaccident.很偶然地他想到了这个主意。I’msorrytotakeyourumbrella_______yesterday;here’stheumbrella.A.byaccidentB.bythewayC.byguessD.bymistakeintheend最后,终于(相当于finally或atlast)Intheend,theyfoundtheirteacher.最后,他们找到了他们的老师。Iwassavedintheend.我最后获救了。bytheend常和of相连,用于指时间,意为“到……底(末)为止”Theycanfinishtheworkbytheendofthismonth.到这个月底的时候,人们能完成这项工作。attheendof可以指时间,也可指处所,意为“在……尽头,在……结束时”。Attheendoftheroad,youcanseetheshop.在这条路的尽头,你能看到那家商店。Attheendoflastterm,wehadanEnglishexam.上在学期结束时,我们举行了一次英语测试。sectionB2a-3b1.forfun为了好玩Shewroteforfunformanyyearsbeforestartingtowriteseriouslyforaliving.在她开始正正经经地为谋生而写作之前,许多年她以写作自娱。Iamnotsayingitforfun.我说这话并不是在开玩笑。havefun玩得高兴,过得快活Ihadgreatfunplayingcardswiththem.我和他们玩纸牌非常有趣。makefunof开玩笑Peoplemakefunofherbecauseshewearssuchastrangehat.人们取笑她,因为她戴了一顶那么怪的帽子。2.Itisbelievedthat…意为“人们认为……”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,相当于相当于Peoplebelievethat…。Itisbelievedthathealthisabovewealth.人们都相信健康重于财富。类似的句型还有:Itissaidthat…(据说……)Itissupposedthat…(据猜测……)Itisreportedthat…(据报道……)dividev.分开,分散Theriverdividesandformstwostreams.河流在这儿分开,形成两条小河。Pleasedon'tletsuchasmallmatterdivideus.请不要让这样的小事使我们不和。divide…into把……分成Dividethecakeintoequalparts.把蛋糕分成等份。…,withmanyyoungpeopledreamingofbecomingfamousplayers.这是“with+名词+分词”的结构,作伴随状语Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.她点着灯睡着了。Withthecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.在人群的欢呼声中,他们驱车来到皇宫…seepeopleplayingbasketballinparks,…seesb.doingsth.是指“看见某人正在做某事”,不是全过程,表正在进行。Isawhercleaningtheclassroom.我看到她正在扫打教室。seesb.dosth.是指“看见某人做过某事”,是看着事情发生的全过程Isawhercleantheclassroom.我看到她打扫教室了。像see这样的感官动词还有hear,feel,watch,notice(注意到),都可以跟do或doing分别表不同的意思。Iheardhimplaythepiano.我听到他弹钢琴了。Iheardhimplayingthepiano.我听到他正在弹钢琴。Basketballhasnotonlybecomeapopularsporttoplay,butithasalsobecomeapopularsporttowatch.notonly…butalso不但…而且…notonly…butalso应连接两个相对称的并列成分Notonlyyoubutalsohehastoleave.(连接两个主语)说明:若连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.(连接两个谓语动词)Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.(连接两个宾语)TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.(连接两个地点状语)一、任务型阅读。Sometimesthegreatestthingsareinventedbymistake.Thegreatestmistakeofalltimecouldbethosedelicioussnacksinyourcomerdrugstore.Oneday,awomanwasmakingchocolatecookies.Whensheranoutofchocolatepowder(粉),shetookoutachocolatebarandbrokeitintolittlepieces.Sheaddedthepiecestohercookiedough(面团)andbaked(烘烤)it.Shethoughtthatthechocolatewould(1)meltintheovenandmakechocolatecookies.Farfrommelting,thepiecesofchocolatestayedhard.Whenshetookthemoutoftheoven,shehadchocolatechipcookies!AnotheraccidentalinventionwasmadebyFrankEpperson,anelevenyearoldboy.In1905,Franksatoutsideonawinterevening,mixingupabigjug(罐)ofpowderedsodapop.Frankaccidentallyleftthejugoutduringthenight.Whenhewentoutsidethenextmorning,hefoundthemixtureinthejugfrozen(冻僵)withthemixingstickstuckinthemiddl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