供应链管理游戏

[e-mail][e-mail]2•TheBeerGame•TheBullwhipEffect•SupplyChainManagement•counteractthe“Bullwhip”[e-mail]3SupplyOperationDistributionPlant1Plant2Plant3Warehouse/D.C.Warehouse/D.C.Warehouse/D.C.ABCPhysicalsupplyMaterialsManagementPhysicalDistributionMarketingLogisticsRawMaterialsMovement/TransportationMovement/TransportationManufacturingWarehousing/DistributionMarketWholesale/RetailWholesale/RetailWholesale/RetailMovement/TransportationMovement/[e-mail]4WhatistheBeerGameallabout?•BeerGame-Amicrocosmofhowrealorganizationfunctions-firstdevelopedin1960sattheMITSloanSchoolofManagement.•Itisasystemforproducinganddistributingasinglebrandofbeer(singleproductsupplychain).•Itisa“laboratoryreplica”ofarealsetting,ratherthanrealityitself,wecanisolatethedisabilitiesandtheircausesmoresharplythanispossibleinrealorganizations.•Itrevealsthattheproblemoriginatesinbasicwaysofthinkingandinteracting,morethaninpeculiaritiesoforganizationstructureandpolicy.Thebasicrulesofourbusinessesstillapply![e-mail]5TheMITBeerGame•Players–Retailer,Wholesaler,DistributorandManufacturer.•Goal–Minimizesystem-wide(chain)long-runaveragecost.•Informationsharing:Mail.•Demand:Deterministic.•Costs–Holdingcost:$0.50/case/week.–Penaltycost:$1.00/case/week.•Leadtime:[e-mail]6TheBeerGamelayout44444Reta[e-mail]7RetailerCurrentInventoryCustomerord[e-mail]8WholesalerCurrentInventoryInco[e-mail]9DistributorCurrentInventoryInco[e-mail]10FactoryCurrentInventoryIncomingOrdersProductionDelayShippingDe[e-mail][e-mail]120、InitializingtheboardCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhRetailerOrderssoldtoCustomersCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhWholesalerhhhhhhhhCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhDistributorCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhFactoryhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayhhhhProductionDelayhhhhProductionDelayRawmaterials44OrdersPlacedIncomingorders44OrdersPlacedIncomingorders44Order[e-mail]131、ReceiveinventoryandadvanceshippingdelaysFactoryadvancetheproductiondelayCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhRetailerOrderssoldtoCustomersCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhWholesalerhhhhCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhDistributorCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhFactoryhhhhhhhhShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayhhhhProductionDelayProductionDelayRawmaterials44OrdersPlacedIncomingorders44OrdersPlacedIncomingorders44OrdersPlacedInc[e-mail]142、LookatincomingordersandfillordersAllincomingordersplusordersinbacklogmustbefilledCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhRetailerUsedWeek1orderOrderssoldtoCustomersCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhWholesalerhhhhCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhDistributorCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhFactoryhhhhhhhhShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayhhhhProductionDelayProductionDelayRawmaterials4OrdersPlacedIncomingorders4OrdersPlacedIncomingorders4OrdersPlacedIncomingo[e-mail]153、Recordyourinventoryorbacklog4、Advancetheorderslips;andthebrewerybrewsCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhRetailerUsedWeek1orderOrderssoldtoCustomersCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhWholesalerhhhhCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhDistributorCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhFactoryhhhhhhhhShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayhhhhProductionDelayProductionDelayRawmaterials4OrdersPlacedIncomingorders4OrdersPlacedIncomingorders4OrdersPlacedIncomingorde[e-mail]165、Placeandrecordyourorders,FactoryplacesandrecordsitsproductionrequestsCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhRetailerUsedWeek1orderOrderssoldtoCustomersCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhWholesalerhhhhhhhhCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhDistributorCurrentInventoryhhhhhhhhhhhhFactoryhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayShippingdelayhhhhProductionDelayhhhhProductionDelayRawmaterialsneworder4OrdersPlacedIncomingorders4OrdersPlacedIncomingorders4OrdersPlacedIncomingordersNe[e-mail]17•TheBeerGame•TheBullwhipEffect•SupplyChainManagement•counteractthe“Bullwhip”[e-mail]18TheBeerGa