第1页共12页必修5Unit1Greatscientists知识点练习核心单词1.characteristicn.特色;特性;典型adj.特有的,表示特性的;典型的Kindnessisoneofhischaracteristics.和善是他的特性之一。易混辨析character/characteristiccharactern.性格,品质(本身具有的);角色,人物;字体,字符characteristicn.特点,特征(用以区别于其他事物的)Heprovedhimselfatruegentlemanandthebeautyofhiswasseenatitsbestwhenheworkedwithothers.A.CharacteristicB.characterC.AppearanceD.temper2.defeatvt.击败;打败;使(计划、希望)落空易混辨析defeat/beat/windefeat,beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。如:beatthecompetitor/thecountry/theteam...打败对手/国家/团队……win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如:winarace/abattle/awar/ascholarship/aprize/amedal/success/friendship/reward...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏……选词填空(beat/defeat/conquer/win)①Bynotworkinghardenoughyouyourownpurpose.②Whoisthedrum?③Hethefirstprizeinthewritingcontest.3.attendv.注意;留意;处理(与to连用)=dowith;出席;到场;照看;照料=takecare=lookafter常用结构:attendschool/college上学/上大学attendalecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议attendawedding/ceremony出席婚礼/参加典礼attendancen.出席;出席的人数;伺候;照料5.curevt.&n.治愈,治疗;常用于“curesb.of...”结构中。第2页共12页Thedoctorcuredherofabadcold.医生治好了她的重感冒。完成句子盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。Penicillinhispneumonia.6.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;吸收(液体,气体,光,声等);汲取,理解(知识等);使全神贯注;吸引(注意等),后常接介词in/by;合并(公司等);吞并;常接介词into;承受;经受。联想拓展absorbfromsth.从……中吸收beabsorbedin=concentrateon专心于,全神贯注于完成句子他们聚精会神地看着电视里的表演,舍不得离开。Theyweretheshowontelevisionthattheyfoundithardtopullaway.7.blamevt.责备;谴责;归咎于n.责怪;(过失、过错等)责任常用结构:blamesb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而指责某人blamesth.onsb.因某事而指责某人sb.betoblamefor(doing)sth.因(做)某事某人应受到谴责温馨提示betoblame应负责(无被动形式)单项填空WeallfeelitisJackaswellashiswifethatfortheirson’sbadperformanceatschool.A.aretoblameB.istobeblamedC.aretobeblamedD.istoblame9.putforward提出(意见、建议);推荐;提名;将表拨快Heputforwardabetterplan.他提出了一个更好的计划。联想拓展putin打断;插嘴;进港putoff推迟;延期puton穿;上演putaway放好putdown写下putonweight发福;长胖putout生产;扑灭putup举起;张贴第3页共12页putback放回,送回10.lookinto调查;了解;研究;朝……里面看联想拓展lookaround/round/about环顾四周lookafter照顾;照料lookback回头看lookbackto/upon/on回顾;回想lookdownupon俯视;轻视lookfor寻求;寻找lookforwardto盼望lookon旁观lookon/upon...as把……看作lookout往外看;注意;当心lookthrough透过……看;浏览lookup抬头看;查阅高手过招单项填空①InotherwordsIshouldnotwatchTV,oryourshoulderatotherpeoplewhilewearetalkingtogether.(2010·01·江西上高检测)A.lookoutB.lookintoC.lookatD.lookover②Therewasafireinthehotel.Theisnowbeinglooked.A.reason;throughB.reason;intoC.cause;throughD.cause;into11.apartfrom除……之外;脱离开;此外Apartfromafewfaults,heisatrustworthyteacher.除了少数的几个缺点外,他是个值得信赖的老师。易混辨析apartfrom/exceptfor/except/besides/butfor/inadditionto/exceptthatapartfrom表示“除……外(别无)”时相当于besides和exceptfor,但apartfrom还有“除……以外(还)”之意。另外,apartfrom,exceptfor都可用于句首,但except不能。except“除……”(不包括其后的宾语),besides“除了……还”(包括其后的宾语)。另外,besides还可以作副词,表示“并且,而且”。butfor表示“如果不是由于……”之意(=Ifitwerenotfor...或Ifithadnotbeenfor...)。inadditionto相当于besides,表示“除……之外,还有”(包括除去内容在内)。exceptthat后面跟句子,用来表示理由或细节。高手过招第4页共12页(1)单项填空English,thespeakeralsohasagoodcommandofRussianandFrench.A.ExceptB.ExceptforC.BesideD.Apartfrom(2)用apartfrom/exceptfor/except/exceptthat/besides填空①WegothereeverydayMonday.②Heisagoodmanhisbadtemper.③Yourarticleisgoodtherearesomespellingmistakes.④thecost,itwilltakealotoftime.⑤that,everythinggoeswell.12.makesense讲得通;有道理;有意义(反义词组makenosense)Yourstorydoesn’tmakesensetome.你编的故事我听不明白。Itmakesgoodsensetotakegoodcareofyourhealth.照顾好你的身体是明智的。联想拓展lose/recoverone’ssense=beoutofone’ssense失去/恢复知觉;丧失/恢复理智bringsb.toone’ssense使某人苏醒过来cometoone’ssense苏醒过来makesenseof理解;明白makenosense没有道理;没有意义ina/onesense从某种意义来说inallsense从任何意义上说innosense绝不是;绝非Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做某事没有道理。高手过招单项填空①Whathesaysmakesnotoher.A.CareB.senseC.InterestD.meaning②Thepoemishardtounderstand.Canyoumakeofthispoem?A.IdeaB.knowledgeC.SenseD.Understanding第5页共12页重点句型13.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次暴发(霍乱)时,都有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。本句是一个复合句,everytime引导的是一个时间状语从句,意思是“每当……”,相当于“when”。另外,此状语从句中还有一个“therebe”结构。Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied是主句。联想拓展类似的时间状语归纳:eachtime每次;每当atthetime在那个时候;(当……)的时候any/next/thefirst/thelasttime意为“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly等都可以引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”。Shewenttoseehimdirectlyshegottheletter.她一收到信就去看他了。Immediatelythemealwasover,heswitchedontheradio.一吃完饭他就把收音机打开了。Shecametothescenethemomentsheheardoftheaccident.她一听说发生了事故,就立刻赶到了现场。Thelasttimewetalkedhesaidheneededanothertwodays.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。高手过招(1)单项填空Shesaidtome,“I’lltellyoutheresultoftestIknowit.”(2010·01·陕西师大附中检测)A.BecauseB.themomentC.AfterD.though(2)同义句转换(原创)IgaveMarythemoneywhenIsawher.IgaveMarythemoneyIsawher.14.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingroundit...他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上,而行星则围绕着太阳转……此句中“with+宾语+宾语补足语(v.vadj./adv./prep.phrases)”构成的复合结构在句中常用作状语,表示方式,原因或条件等。Withtheoldmanleadingtheway,westartedtowardstheforest.在这位老人的带领下,我们开始向森林进发。Sheranandranwithbeadsofsweatrunningdownherface.她不停地奔跑,汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。高手过招翻译句子①老师微笑着走进教室,身后跟着一群小朋友。①随着考试的结束,我们的假期开始了。第6页共12页必修5Unit1Greatscientists知识点练习核心单词1.characteristicn.特色;特性;典型adj.特有的,表示特性的;典型的Kindnessisoneofhischaracteristics.和善是他的特性之一。Heprovedhimselfatruegentlemanandthebeautyofhiswasseenatitsbestwhenheworkedwithothers.(2010·01·山东德州检测)A.CharacteristicB.characterC.Appear