本科毕业论文(设计)研发费用核算及其对企业会计利润的影响Researchanddevelopmentofcostaccountinganditsinfluenceonaccountingprofit作者专业会计学指导教师分院会计学院二〇一五年三月I研发费用核算及其对企业会计利润的影响摘要:随着当今社会步入到知识经济时代,企业在面临着激烈的市场竞争过程中要想生存与发展,势必要加大投入研发费用,在此背景下,企业是否能够做到恰当的进行会计确认和计量研发费用,肯定会直接影响企业财务报告使用者进行决策与价值相关性,而在新颁布与实施的会计准则当中,则是明确性规定企业研发费用的会计处理,比较大的修改之前的会计准则当中统一在当期损益计入企业研究与开发费用的会计处理,开创性的将企业研发项目当中的费用支出划分成研究阶段和开发阶段这两个阶段支出,相应的在费用项目与资产项目相继列示。新会计准则通过比较之前的会计准则,那么在做好谨慎性体现的过程中,还可以将企业自行研发无形总资产环节当中出现的支出更为合理的反映。本文则是将新会计准则当成基础,深入分析企业会计利润受到研发费用核算的影响。关键词:知识经济;会计利润;无形资产;会计处理ResearchanddevelopmentofcostaccountinganditsinfluenceonaccountingprofitAbstract:Withtoday'ssocietyenteredtheeraofknowledgeeconomy,enterprisesarefacingfiercecompetitioninthemarketprocess,inordertosurviveanddevelop,isboundtoincreaseinvestmentinresearchanddevelopmentcosts,inthiscontext,theenterpriseisabletodoproperaccountingrecognitionandmeasurementofR&Dexpenseswillcertainlydirectlyaffectusersoffinancialstatementstomakedecisionswiththevaluerelevance,andthepromulgationofthenewaccountingstandardsandtheimplementationofthem,itisclearprovisionsaccountingtreatmentofR&Dexpenses,relativelylargebeforemodificationAmongunifiedaccountingstandardsincludedintheprofitandlossaccountingtreatmentofbusinessresearchanddevelopmentcosts,groundbreakingresearchanddevelopmentprojectwillbedividedamongtheexpensesintotheresearchphaseandthedevelopmentphaseofthesetwoexpenditures,thecorrespondingiteminthecostofanassethavebeenpresented.NewAccountingStandardsAccountingStandardsbycomparingbefore,thendotheprudentembodiedintheprocess,youcanalsoownR&Dexpensesofintangiblecorporateassetsamongsectorsappearmorereasonablereflection.Inthispaper,thenewaccountingstandardsasabasissucked,in-depthanalysisofcompaniesaffectedbytheaccountingprofitR&Dexpensesaccounting.Keywords:knowledge-basedeconomy;accountingprofit;intangibleassets;accountingtreatmentII目次摘要......................................................................................................................................................................I目次.....................................................................................................................................................................II引言......................................................................................................................................................................11现行准则下研发费用会计核算概述.......................................................11.1研发费用概念.......................................................................11.2研发费用核算方法...................................................................12现行会计准则下研发费用核算对企业利润的影响...........................................22.1存货计价处理存货发出计价上取消先进后出法...........................................22.2处理资产减值.......................................................................22.3处理企业合并.......................................................................23现行准则下研发费用核算规定的不足对企业利润影响的原因分析...........................................................33.1资本化研发费用判断标准对实务操作性严重缺乏....................................................................................33.2资本化研发费用摊销年限具备一定的主观选择性....................................................................................33.3研发费用核算信息披露依然还是存在粗略概括性特征............................................................................34防止利用研发费用核算操纵利润的对策建议...............................................................................................34.1对于研发费用会计核算所存在的各个阶段进行重新划分........................................................................34.2对于研发费用会计核算的相关账户进行重新设置....................................................................................44.3对于资本化研发费用的摊销年限予以明确................................................................................................44.4对于相关研发费用核算的信息进行充分披露............................................................................................55总结与展望.......................................................................................................................................................55.1总结................................................................................................................................................................55.2展望................................................................................................................................................................5参考文献...............................................................................................................................................................6-1-引言与国外相比,我国不管是颁布会计准则的时间还是实施会计准则的时间都显得比较短,从研究成果上来看,当前我国的学术界则是侧重研究具体评价新会计准则、怎样应用新会计准备以及比较新旧会计准则等领域。针对这样的情况,通过实证分析企业研发投入受到研发费用会计处理的影响就可以发现存在一定的实际价值与理论价值。除此之外,相关文献进行不同行业研发投入或者是不同所有权类型公司受到准则变更影响不同程度的显得更少,因此本文在研究过程中觉得十分有必要对实际过程中理论的应用效果进行验证,而这也就是本文进行研究的动机之所在。而在当前知识经济背景下,企业为了在激烈的市场竞争中生存与发展,这就必须加大投入研发费用。企业是否能够做到恰当的进行会计确认和计量研发费用,肯定会直接影响企业财务报告使用者进行决策与价值相关性,针对这样的情况,本文将选取新会计准确当成基础,深入分析企业会计利润受到研发费用核算的影响。1现行准则下研发费用会计核算概述1.1研发费用概念为了更好的说明问题,首先就是应该研究与开发的概念进行界定。研究就是说企业为了做到新的技术或者科学知识的获取并且理解而实施的相应的具备一定独创性的有计划调查。开发这就是企业实施相应的具