毕业论文《车间变电所及配电线路设计》

1辽宁科技大学继续教育学院毕业设计(论文)题目：车间变电所及配电线路设计函授站点：本溪年级专业：2014级电气工程及其自动化本科进修班学生姓名：李福存2019年5月10日2内容摘要本设计针对公司联合车间供配电系统进行的。根据公司地理位置及用电情况，采用双回路10KV供电，三类负荷，电源点在距离工厂1.5公里之外的三范变电所。本着安全可靠、技术先进、经济合理的要求，通过负荷计算、短路电流计算选择各级变电站的变压器容量及其它主要电气设备。经过优化计算,科学合理对配电间进行选址、布局,最大化的为企业节省投资及运行成本。为供配电系统方面的安全稳定可靠运行提供保证。关键词：供配电系统；负荷计算；短路电流计算；继电保护；防雷保护；3目录内容摘要···························································································2引言··································································································41负荷计算及变压器的选择·····························································51.1负荷计算的目的·······································································51.2负荷计算的方法及主要原始资料··················································51.3按需要系数法确定负荷计算························································71.4车间变压器选择·······································································82短路电流的计算·········································································112.1短路的概述···········································································112.2短路的形式···········································································112.3电力网路中的短路电流计算······················································123导线及其截面的选择··································································143.1导线和电缆的选择··································································143.2导线截面选择及校验的方法······················································144车间高、低压电气设备及其选择················································174.1高压电气选择条件··································································174.2高压电气选择········································································174.3低压电气的选择·····································································175车间变电所所址选择及总体布置················································195.1车间变电所所址选择要求·························································195.2车间变电所的总体布置及要求···················································195.3车间供电系统的主结线····························································206供电系统的继电保护··································································216.1继电保护概述········································································216.2继电保护方法········································································226.3车间变压器继电保护·······························································227防雷保护······················································································24致谢································································································25参考文献·························································································26附录A：高压配电系统图附录B：低压配电系统图精品4引言车间变电所是车间供配电的重要组成部分，它直接影响整个车间供电的可靠运行，是联系工厂与车间的中间环节，起着变换和分配电能的作用。电气主接线是车间变电所的主要环节，电气主接线的拟定直接关系着全厂电气设备的选择、配电装置的布置、继电保护和自动装置的确定，是决定变电所电气部分技术经济性能的关键因素。按照国家标准GB50052-95《供配电系统设计规范》、《低压配电设计规范》等，进行工厂供电设计必须遵循以下原则：1、遵守规程、先进合理必须遵守国家的有关规定及标准，执行国家的有关方针政策，包括节约能源，节约有色金属等技术经济政策。2、安全可靠，先进合理应做到保障人身和设备的安全，供电可靠，电能质量合格，技术先进和经济合理，采用效率高，能耗低和性能先进的电气产品。3、近期为主、考虑发展应根据工作特点、规模和发展规划，正确处理近期建设与远期发展的关系，做到远近结合，适当考虑扩建的可能性。4、全局出发、统筹兼顾按负荷性质、用电容量、工程特点和地区供电条件等，合理确定设计方案。工厂供电工作要能很好的为工业生产服务，切实保证工厂生产和生活用电的需要，做到安全、可靠、优质、经济。合理处理局部和全局，当前和长远等关系，既要顾局部当前的利益，又要有全局观点，能顾全大局，适应发展。因此做好工厂供电工作对于发展生产，实现工业现代化，具有十分重要的意义。精品51负荷计算及变压器的选择1.1负荷计算的目的工业企业生产所需要的电能，除大型厂矿企业建有自备发电厂可供应部分外，通常均由电力系统共给。工业企业所使用的电能都是通过企业的各级变电站经过变换电压后，分配到各用电设备。因此，工业企业变电站可以说是企业电力供应的枢纽，所处地位十分重要。如何正确地计算选择各级变电站的变压器容量及其它主要电气设备，这是保证企业安全可靠供电的重要前提。进行企业电力负荷计算的主要目的就是为了正确选择企业各级变电站的变压器容量，各种电气设备的型号、规格以及供电网络所用导线牌号等提供科学的依据。1.2负荷计算的方法及主要原始资料一般常用于企业电力负荷计算的方法有需用系数法、利用系数法、单位面积功率法、单位指标法和单位产品耗电量法。此设计采用的是需用系数法来对加氢裂化装置进行电力负荷计算的。因为，需用系数是用设备功率乘以需用系数和同时系数，直接求出计算负荷。这种方法简便，应用广泛，尤其适用于配、变电所的负荷计算。采用利用系数法求出最大负荷的平均负荷，再考虑设备台数和功率差异的影响，乘以与有效台数有关的最大系数得出计算负荷，计算过程十分繁琐。而单位面积功率法和单位指标法主要多用于民用建筑；单位产品耗电量法主要适用于某些工业。表1.2设备名称Pe(kw)kxcosφtanφ白云石称量车220.80.880.54白云石冲击破900.80.890.512白云石传送皮带300.80.890.512白云石斗提550.80.890.512白云石分析机150.80.880.54白云石混合机2800.80.850.62白云石气力输送450.80.890.512白云石筛分750.80.890.512白云石双辊破300.80.890.512精品6白云石压机750.80.890.512除铁器0.550.80.760.882锤式破碎机750.80.890.512颚式破碎机300.80.890.512给料机110.80.840.646惯性输入机30.80.870.567搅拌器5.50.80.880.54金属探测器0.550.80.760.882可逆皮带5.50.80.840.646镁砂称量车220.80.880.54镁砂冲击破900.80.890.512镁砂传送皮带450.80.890.512镁砂斗提550.80.890.512镁砂分析机18.50.80.890.512镁砂混合机2800.80.850.62镁砂气力输送450.80.890.512镁砂筛分750.80.890.512镁砂双辊破300.80.870.567镁砂压机750.80.890.512燃油循环泵150.80.840.646散料机750.80.890.512石蜡循环泵150.80.840.646树脂循环泵150.80.651.17重油循环泵150.80.840.646助推泵2.20.80.860.593另：办公楼150KW球料储库163KW石蜡储罐196KW空压站367KW油站198KW消防水127KWLP站24KW黏结剂储库100KW煅烧车间2146KW竖窑983KW空压站168.5KW煤粉制备329KW双膛窑1547KW附房及空压站268.5KW综合楼50KW其它设施200KW精品71.3按需要系数法确定负荷计算A.确定用电设备组或用电单位计算负荷的公式:a.有功计算负荷(KW)30P=exPK；式中，xK为用电设备组或用电单位的需要系数；eP为用电设备组或用电单位的总设备容量；b.无功计算负荷KvartanPQ3030式中，tan为设备铭牌给定功率因数角用电设备组或用电单位功率因数角的正切值c.视在计算负荷(KV·A)cosPS3030d.计算电流(A)N3030U3SI式中NU为用电设备组或用电单位供电电压额定值(KV)根据原始数据及相关计算公式，最终确定负荷为：装置名称i30P（KW)i30Q（Kvar）i30S（KVA）白云石称量车17.69.520白云石冲击破7236.86480.89白云石传送皮带2412.28826.963白云石斗提4422.52849.432白云石分析机14.87.57816.627白云石混合机224138.88263.56白云石气力输送3618