汽车专业英语(3-7)

SpecializedEnglishforAutomobileUnitThree3.1DriveLineContentsI.Pre-questionsII.TextExplanationIII.ExercisesHowmanymainunitsdoesthedrivelineassemblyconsistof?Whatarethey？Thedrivelineassemblyconsistsofsixmainunits.Theyareclutch,transmission,driveshaft,finaldrive,differentialandthedrivingwheels.DiagramofcarshowingclutchlocationI.Pre-questionsHowdoesthedrivelinework?Thedrivelinecarriespowerfromtheenginecrankshafttothedrivingwheels,sothewheelsrotateandtheautomobilemoves.I.Pre-questionsII.TextExplanationFig.3-1DriveLine1-clutch;2-transmission;3-universaljoint;4-finaldrive;5-differential;6-driveshaftThetypicaldrivelinecomprisesclutch,transmission,driveshaft,finaldrive,differentialandthedrivingwheels.译文：典型传动系统一般包括离合器、变速器、传动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动轮等六部分。II.TextExplanationWhenyoulifttheclutchpedal,springsforcethepressureplateandclutchplateagainsttheflywheel.译文：当抬起踏板时，压缩弹簧将压盘和从动盘推向飞轮。II.TextExplanationAmanualtransmissionrequiresaclutchtoapplyandremovetheenginetorquetothetransmissioninputshaft.译文：手动变速器需要用离合器来把发动机转矩施加给变速器输入轴或从变速器输入轴撤消。II.TextExplanationWhenthecarisonstraightroad,theringgear,differentialcase,differentialpiniongears,andtwodifferentialsidegearsallturnasaunitwithoutanyrelativemotion.译文：汽车在直线行驶时，齿圈、差速器壳、差速器行星齿轮和两个差速器半轴齿轮作为一个整体运转，而无任何相对运动。II.TextExplanationThedriveshaftsareusuallyhollowinordertoweighless,butofalargediametersothattheyarestrong.译文：传动轴通常是空心的以减轻重量，但直径比较大使它有足够的强度。II.TextExplanationIII.Exercisesmanualtransmissionreverseidlergearsgearratiosdriveshaftclutchplatedifferentialuniversaljointcoilspringpressureplatesynchronizer手动变速器倒档齿轮齿轮齿数比传动轴离合器片差速器万向节螺旋弹簧压盘同步器•I.TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.III.ExercisesII.IdentifytheEnglishnamesofthedrivelineaccordingtothepicture.1engine;2transmission;3driveshaft;4drivingwheel;5clutch;6universaljoint;7finaldriveIII.ExercisesIII.Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandfillintheblankswiththeproperformofthegivenwords.The(differential)systemispartoftherear-axle-housing(assembly),whichincludesthedifferential,(rearaxles),wheeland(bearings).Iftheautomobileweretobedrivenina(straight)linewithouthavingtomaketurns,thennodifferentialwouldbenecessary.However,whentheautomobileroundsaturn,the(outer)wheelmusttravelfartherthanthe(inner)wheel.Thedifferential(permits)thetworearwheelstorotate(different)amountswhentheautomobilegoesaroundaturn,whilestill(delivering)powertobothrearwheels.III.ExercisesIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Althoughtherearemanytypesofclutch,thedrysingleplatetypeoftractionclutchisusedalmostexclusivelyinpassengercars.2.Thepressureondrivendiskfittedontothesplinedportionofshaftisprovidedbyspringsinstalledbetweenthehousingandpressuredrivingdisks.3.TheuniversaljointorU-jointsisusedtoconnectthediveshafttothetransmissionoutputshaftandthedifferentialpiniongearshaft.1.虽然离合器的种类很多，但客车上采用最多的还是单片干式离合器。2.从动盘安装在传动轴的花键槽内，从动盘上的压力来自弹簧的弹力，这些弹簧安装在离合器壳和主动盘之间。3.万向节将动力输入轴、动力输出轴和差速器齿轮轴连接在一起。V.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.如果快速运转的发动机突然与静止车辆的传动系相连接，就会产生强烈的冲击。2.离合器是一种用以连接和分离发动机和变速器的装置。3.装有自动变速器的汽车一般不需要离合器。1.Itwillhaveastrongimpactwhenthespinningengineconnectsthestationarytransmission.2.Theclutchisadevicewhichisdesignedtoconnectanddisconnecttheengineandthetransmission.3.Thereisnotclutchwhentheautomobileequipautomatictransmission.SpecializedEnglishforAutomobileSpecializedEnglishforAutomobileUnitThree3.2ClutchContentsI.Pre-questionsII.TextExplanationIII.ExercisesWhatwillyoudowhenyoumovethecar？Whatwillyoudowhenyouchangegears?StartthecarReleaseparkingbrakeandtheclutchpedalandpushdowngasFirstgearNeutralpositionDepresstheclutchpedalsecondgearReleasetheclutchpedalclutchDepresstheclutchpedalFirstgearWhereistheclutchintheautomobile?DiagramofcarshowingclutchlocationA-engineB-clutchC-clutchpedalD-manualtransmissionI.Pre-questionsWhatisthefunctionoftheclutch?Connectordisconnectthepowerfromtheenginetothedriveline.I.Pre-questionsHowmanymainpartsdoestheclutchconsistof?drivingmembersdrivenmemberscontrolmechanismspressingmechanismsI.Pre-questionsInacar,youneedaclutchbecausetheenginespinsallthetime,butthecar'swheelsdonot.spin[spin]vt.&vi.使…旋转译文：汽车上需要一个离合器，因为发动机一直在旋转，而车轮却不是（一直旋转）。II.TextExplanationInordertostopwithoutkillingtheengine,thewheelsneedtobedisconnectedfromtheenginesomehow.somehow以某种方式，不知怎么译文：为了使停车时发动机不熄火，车轮需要以某种方式与发动机断开连接。这句话中killingtheengine表示使发动机熄火II.TextExplanationSomehow我们必须设法在明天早上以前把工作做完。Wemustgettheworkfinishedsomehowbytomorrowmorning.不知怎么地我们迷了路。Somehowwelostourway.Theclutch（showninFig.3-2）allowsustosmoothlyengageaspinningenginetoanon-spinningtransmissionbycontrollingtheslippagebetweenthem.slippage[’slipidʒ]n.滑动译文：离合器（图3-2所示）允许我们将旋转的发动机和不转的变速器平稳地连接起来，这种连接通过控制它们之间的相对滑动来实现。II.TextExplanationFig.3-2Clutch1-pressureplate;2-drivendisk;3-flywheel;4-clutchcoverMostcarsequippedwithamanualtransmissionuseasingleclutchdisc,adiaphragmtypespring，apressureplateandclutchcoverassembly,aclutchreleasebearing,andaclutchreleasefork.singleclutchdisc单片离合器盘diaphragmtypespring膜片式弹簧pressureplate压盘clutchcover离合器盖rel