材料成型及控制工程专业英语---8-CAD-CAM

CHAPTER8CAD/CAM8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingWordsandterms-0--1-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingThroughoutthehistoryofourindustrialsociety,manyinventionshavebeenpatentedandwholenewtechnologieshaveevolved.Whitney’sconceptofinterchangeableparts,Watt’ssteamengine,andFord’sassemblylinearebutafewdevelopmentsthataremostnoteworthyduringourindustrialperiod.纵观工业社会的整个历史，许多发明都申请的专利，所有的新技术都已发生演变。Whitney零件互换性概念，Watt的蒸汽机，Ford的装配线仅仅是我们工业时代最令人注目的新发展。8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturing-2-Eachofthesedevelopmentshasimpactedmanufacturingasweknowit,andhasearnedtheseindividualsdeservedrecognitioninourhistorybooks.就我们所知，每一项新技术的发展都冲击着制造业，并且也在我们的历史书中赢得了应有的赞誉。recognition[,rekəg'niʃən]n.承认，认出；赞誉；重视；识别；公认-3-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingPerhapsthesingledevelopmentthathasimpactedmanufacturingmorequicklyandsignificantlythananyprevioustechnologyisthedigitalcomputer.@@对先进制造业的影响最快、最明显，超过先前任何技术影响的一项发明也许就是数字计算机。-4-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingSincetheadventofcomputertechnology,manufacturingprofessionalshavewantedtoautomatethedesignprocessandusethedatabasedevelopedthereinforautomatingmanufacturingprocesses自从计算机技术出现，制造业的专家就想使设计过程自动化，并为自动制造工艺应用来完善其中的数据库。thereinadv.在那里Professionalsn.专业人员、专家（professional的复数）-5-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingComputer-aideddesign/computer-aidedmanufacturing(CAD/CAM),whensuccessfullyimplemented,shouldremovethe“wall”thathastraditionallyexistedbetweenthedesignandmanufacturingcomponents.当计算机辅助设计/辅助制造（CAD/CAM）成功应用时，它们应该可以除去设计和制造部门传统中(一直)存在的“墙”。-6-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingCAD/CAMmeansusingcomputersinthedesignandmanufacturingprocesses.SincetheadventofCAD/CAM,othertermshavedeveloped:Computergraphics(CG)Computer-aidedengineering(CAE)Computer-aideddesignanddrafting(CADD)Computer-aidedprocessplanning(CAPP)CAD/CAM意味着计算机在设计和工业制造中的应用。由于CAD/CAM的出现，又发展出其他术语：计算机图形学(CG)计算机辅助工程(CAE)计算机辅助设计及绘图(CADD)计算机辅助工艺规划(CAPP)-7-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingThesespin-offtermsallrefertospecificaspectsoftheCAD/CAMconcept.CAD/CAMitselfisabroader,moreinclusiveterm.Itisattheheartofautomatedandintegratedmanufacturing.所有这些衍生词都指CAD/CAM概念中的特定方面，CAD/CAM本身是一个内容宽泛且内涵丰富的词汇。它们是自动化集成制造的核心。-8-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingAkeygoalofCAD/CAMistoproducedatathatcanbeusedinmanufacturingaproductwhiledevelopingthedatabaseforthedesignofthatproduct.Whensuccessfullyimplemented,CAD/CAMinvolvesthesharingofacommondatabetweenthedesignandmanufacturingcomponentsofacompany.CAD/CAM的主要目标是建立数据以用于零件生产，同时开发设计零件所用的数据库。当实现这一目标时，CAD/CAM就涉及到公司内部设计部门和制造部门通用数据库的共享。-9-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingInteractivecomputergraphics(ICG)playsanimportantroleinCAD/CAM.ThroughtheuseofICG,designersdevelopagraphicimageoftheproductbeingdesignedwhilestoringthedatathatelectronicallymakeupthegraphicimage.@@在CAD/CAM中，计算机图形交互(ICG)起着非常重要的作用。通过使用ICG，设计者通过设计并存储数据开发了产品的图像，这些电子数据组成了图像。8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturing-10-Thegraphicimagecanbepresentedinatwo-dimensional(2-D),three-dimensional(3-D),orsolidformat.ICGimagesareconstructedusingsuchbasicgeometriccharactersaspoints,lines,circles,andcurves.Oncecreated,theseimagescanbeeasilyeditedandmanipulatedinavarietyofwaysincludingenlargements,reductions,rotations,andmovements.图像以二维(2D)、三维(3D)或实体形式呈现，ICG图像由点、线、圆、曲线等基本几何特征组成。一旦图像建立，它们可以很容易的被编辑，并且可以（对其）进行放大、缩小、旋转、运动等各种操作。-11-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingAnICGsystemhasthreemaincomponents:1）hardware,whichconsistsofthecomputerandvariousperipheraldevices;2)software,whichconsistsofthecomputerprogramsandtechnicalmanualsforthesystem(thepopularICGsoftwareusedinCAD/CAMatpresentincludesAutoCAD,CADKEY,Pro/E,UG,I-DEASandCATIAetc.);3)thehumandesigner,themostimportantofthethreecomponents.ICG系统有3个主要组成部分：1）硬件，它由计算机一级各种外围设备组成。2)软件，它由计算机程序及系统（使用的）技术手册组成（流行的ICG软件有AutoCAD,CADKEY,Pro/E,UG,I-DEAS和CATIA等）；3)设计者，是三个组成部分中最重要的。-12-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingAtypicalhardwareconfigurationforanICGsystemincludesacomputer,adisplayterminal,adiskdriveunitforfloppydiskettes,aharddisk,orboth;andinput/outputdevices,suchasakeyboard,plotter,andprinter.Thesedevices,alongwiththesoftware,arethetoolsmoderndesignersusetodevelopanddocumenttheirdesigns.ICG系统中典型硬件配置包括计算机、显示器终端以及软盘的磁盘驱动器、硬盘、输入/输出设备诸如键盘、绘图机、打印机。这些设备和软件都是现代设计者开发和保存其设计文档的工具。configuration[kən,fiɡju'reiʃən]n.配置；结构；外形8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturing-13-TheICGsystemscouldenhancethedesignprocessbyallowingthehumandesignertofocusontheintellectualaspectsofthedesignprocess,suchasconceptualizationandmakingjudgment-baseddecisions.通过允许设计者将精力集中在设计过程的智力方面，例如：概念化、基于判断做决定等，ICC系统能够提高设计过程的速度。-14-8.1Computer-aidedDesignandComputer-aidedManufacturingThecomputerperformstasksforwhichitisbettersuited,suchasmathematicalcalculations,storageandretrievalofdata,andvariousrepetitiveoperationssuchascrosshatching.计算机比较适合的任务是数学计算、数据的存储与恢复，以及画交叉阴影线等重复操作。Question（p109）-16-8.3.1NumericalControl