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硕士学位论文摘要随着我国经济的快速发展，城市化进程的推进，城市人口不断增加，机动车保有量成倍增长，城市道路交通问题正日益成为制约城市进一步发展的瓶颈。道路单向交通作为一种简单有效的交通管理措施，由于其具有提高道路通行能力，和行车速度，减少交通事故的优点，如今正被广泛应用于疏导城市道路交通，解决城市交通拥挤问题。本文在分析我国城市道路交通问题的基础上，结合国内外道路单向交通研究和实施状况，对单向交通理论、单向交通影响、单向交通方案设计等方面进行系统的研究分析，概括起来主要有以下几点：(1)根据交通工程和交通管理规划理论，总结阐述了道路单向交通理论。从道路交叉口的复杂性、车道利用效果、信号灯控制实效、干道线控实效、与对偶干道组成逆时针环行与顺时针环行单向交通、经济效益等方面对道路单向交通方案实施效果进行科学的分析研究，并归纳总结道路单向交通优缺点。(2)详细地研究了道路单向交通增加绕行的情况，分析了绕行路线和一些绕行的细节问题，首次提出单向交通绕行距离的计算方法和解决措施；提出将公交优先应用于道路单向交通中，以减少单向交通对公交运行的不利影响。对解决急救消防等特种车辆通行、增加道路交通设施和保证措施、降低对单行道两侧商业活动的不利影响、以及提高单行道夜间道路资源利用率等等的方法和措施进行研究。(3)提出道路单向交通方案设计的方法，在对道路单向交通优缺点和交通特性有深刻认识的基础上，提出道路单向交通规划设计的原则；将交通分析理论中的O-D出行矩阵反推技术、交通分配技术应用到道路单向交通方案设计中，对实施道路单向交通之后的道路路段交通量进行预测分配，并分析公交运行对道路单向交通方案预测交通量分配的影响；提出交通仿真模型，应用交通仿真技术对实施道路单向交通方案前后进行交通模拟仿真；对道路单向交通方案进行技术评价，提出道路单向交通方案评价指标体系。昀后，本文结合实例，根据本文提出的道路单向交通方案设计方法，进行道路单向交通方案设计，并给予分析评价。关键词：城市道路；单向交通；方案设计；绕行距离；交通分配；交通仿真；评价指标II城市道路单向交通方案设计研究AbstractWiththefastdevelopmentoftheeconomyofourcountry,thepromotionoftheurbanizationprocess,urbanpopulationisincreasingconstantly,andtheownershipofmotorvehicleisincreasingdoubly.Theurbantrafficproblemsbecomethebottleneckrestrainingthecityfromdevelopingfurther.One-wayroadwaysystemisakindofsimpleandeffectivetrafficmanagementmeans.Ithastheadvantagesofincreasingroadcapacity,raisingvehicularspeedandreducingtrafficaccident.Therefore,one-wayroadwaysystemhasbeenusedextensivelytosolvetheproblemofurbantrafficcongestionproblems.BasedontheanalysisofurbantrafficproblemsinChina,theadaptationofone-wayroadwayathomeandabroadiscombined;someaspectsarestudiedandanalyzed,suchasone-wayroadwaytheory,one-wayroadwayimpact,one-waydesign,andtheyareconcludedasfollows:(1)Accordingtothetrafficengineeringandtrafficmanagement&planningtheory,one-wayroadwaytheoryissummarizedinthisthesis.Theone-wayroadwaylaneutilizationeffect,itsweaknessandstrengths,thetrafficcharacteristicsofone-wayroadwayareanalyzedfromtheaspectssuchasthecomplexityofintersections,thetrafficsignaleffects,thearterial-controleffects,theclockwiseandanticlockwiseone-wayringsarediscussed.Theconclusionsregardingasadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheone-wayroadwayarealsoinvolved.(2)Thesituationthatsomeofdriverswouldchangetheirroutesontheirtripswithlongerdistanceisstudiedindetail.Andtheproblemsofthedetourroutesandsomeotherdetailedareanalyzed.Thisthesisinitiatesthecalculationmethodsandthesolutionmeasuresoftheone-wayroadwaydetourdistance,alsoappliestheprincipleofbuspriorityintheone-wayroadwayinordertoreducetheadverseeffectproducedbyit.Tomakesurethattheemergencyvehiclessuchasthefirstaid,firefighterandsooncangothrough,developingtrafficfacilitiesandguaranteemeasures,reducingtheadverseeffectofcommercialactivityoftheone-waystreetbothsides,aswellasenhancingtheroadsidesutilizationoftheone-waystreetatnightandsoon,theseaspectsaretakenintoconsiderationinthethesis.(3)Designmethodoftheone-wayroadwayprojectisproposed.Simultaneously,basedontheprofoundunderstandingoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesandthetrafficcharacteristicsofit,theprinciplesofone-wayroadwaysystemdesignhavebeenpresented.Inthedesign,techniquesonO-Dtripmatrixinversionestimationandtrafficdistributioninthetrafficanalysistheoryareapplied;thetrafficvolumesonroadlinksIII硕士学位论文areassignedintheone-wayroadwaysystem.Ontheprocess,transitlineshavesomeinfluenceontheassignedvolume.Sometrafficsimulationmodelsareproposed.Theroadnetworksaresimulatedbeforeorafterone-wayroadwayplanisimplemented.Thenone-wayroadwayplanissyntheticallyevaluatedandanalyzed,andthesystemoftheevaluationindexisgeneralized.Finally,takingChangshaasanexample,thisthesishasproposedthedesignmethodoftheone-wayroadwayproject,carriedonthedesignoftheroad,andevaluatedtrafficresults.KeyWords:Urbanroad;One-wayroadway;Schematicdesign;Detourdistance；Trafficassignment;Trafficsimulation;EvaluationindexIV城市道路单向交通方案设计研究目录摘要...........................................................................................................................ⅡAbstract....................................................................................................................Ⅲ第1章绪论...............................................................................................................11.1研究背景及意义...........................................................................................11.2国内外研究和实施概况................................................................................21.2.1国外研究和实施概况.............................................................................21.2.2国内研究和实施概况.............................................................................31.3研究内容.......................................................................................................6第2章道路单向交通基本理论.................................................................................72.1道路单向交通的定义和分类........................................................................72.1.1单向交通的定义....................................................................................72.1.2分类..........................................................................................