保险66879162

Insurance2007年3月4日风暴潮——巨浪滔天2006年12月集装箱船撞上正作业的挖泥船保险是指投保人根据保险合同约定，向保险人支付保险费，保险人对于保险合同约定的可能发生的事故因其发生所造成的财产损失承担赔偿保险金责任，或者当被保险人死亡、伤残、疾病或者达到合同约定的年龄、期限时承担给予保险金责任的商业保险行为。货物运输保险属于财产保险。保险可分为财产保险、责任保险、信用保险（或称保证保险）、人身保险四类。5.总值TotalValue伍万伍仟美元整UniteStateDollarFiftyFivethousandsonly.6.包装Packing玻璃纤维(Glass-fiber)袋装，每50公斤/袋PackinginGlass-fiberbag,50kgeach.7.唛头ShippingMarksNEWYORKNO.1—up8.装运期及运输方式TimeofShipment&meansofTransportation2007年5月装运，允许分批和转船ShipmentinMay/2007,allowingpartialshipmentandtransshipment.9.装运港及目的地PortofLoading&Destination大连港装船运往纽约FromDaliantoNewYork.10.保险Insurance由卖方按中国人民保险公司海洋货物运输保险条款，按发票总值110%投保一切险和战争险。TobecoveredbytheSellerfor110%oftotalinvoicevalueagainstA.R.andWarrisksperandsubjecttotherelevantoceanmarinecargoclausesofthePeople'sInsuranceCompanyofChina.11.付款方式TermsofPayment买方应由卖方可接受的银行于装运月份前30天开立并送达卖方不可撤销即期信用证，至装运月份后第15天在中国议付有效。TheBuyersshallopenthroughabankacceptabletotheSellersanIrrevocableSightLetterofCredittoreachtheSellers30daysbeforethemonthofshipment,validfornegotiationinChina15thdayaftershipment.RiskofcargotransportationPerilsofSeaNaturalCalamityAccidentExtraneousRiskCommonextraneousriskSpecialextraneousriskPerilsofSeaNaturalCalamityvileweather,thunder,Tsunamil,earthquake,flood,etc.AccidentStranded,Grounded,Sunk,Capsized,Collision,Fire,Explosion,etc.ExtraneousrisksCommonextraneousrisksincludetheft,freshorrainwaterdamage,shortage,leakage,breakage,sweatingandheating,intermixtureandcontamination,odour,hookdamage,breakageofpacking,rusting,etc.Specialextraneousrisksareoftenrelatedtopolitics,militaryaffairs,convulsionsandinternationalpolicy,laws,etc.e.g.,war,strike,seizure,etc.ThelossesguaranteedbyinsurancePartiallossTotallossActualTotallossConstructiveTotallossGeneralAverageParticularAverageActualTotalLossInsuredcargohasbeentotallylostInsuredcargohasbeendamagedtotheextentthatithaslostitsoriginalusageandvalue.TheinsuredhasbeenderivedofhistitleforcargoMissingcargoshipConstructivetotallossUnlessamarinepolicyotherwiseprovides,alossisaconstructivetotallossifthesubject-matterinsuredisreasonablyabandonedbecausetheactualtotallossofthesubject-matterappearsunavoidableorthepreservationofthesubject-matterfromactualtotallosswouldentailcostsexceedingitsvaluewhenthecostsareincurred.例1、我公司出口稻谷一批，因保险事故被海水浸泡多时而丧失其原有价值，货到目的港后只能低价出售，这种损失属于实际全损。例2、有一批出口服装，在海上运输途中，因船体触礁导致服装严重受浸，若将这批服装漂洗后运至原定目的港所花费的费用已超过服装的保险价值，这种损失属于推定全损。发生推定全损时，被保险人可以要求保险人按部分损失赔偿，也可要求按全部损失赔偿，这时须向保险人发出委付(Abandonment)通知。GeneralAverageAnoceanmarinelossthatoccursthroughthevoluntarysacrificeofapartofthevesselorcargo,oranexpenditure,tosafeguardthevesselanditsremainingcargofromacommonperil.Ifthesacrificeissuccessful,allinterestsatriskcontributetothelossbornebyownerofthesacrificedpropertybasedontheirrespectivesavedvalues.GeneralAverage共同海损是指在同一海上航程中，船舶、货物和其他财产遭遇共同危险，船方为了共同安全，有意地合理地采取措施所直接造成的特殊牺牲和支付的特殊费用。共同海损应由有关利害关系方共同分摊共同海损成立的条件危及船、货共同安全的危险须确实存在船方采取的措施是有意识的、合理的所作的牺牲是特殊的，费用是额外的牺牲和费用须是有效果的Particularaveragemeansthataparticularcargoisdamagedbyanycauseandthedegreeofdamagedosenotreachageneralaverage.MaritimechargesSue&Laborcharges:Whentheinsuredcargosuffersnaturalcalamitiesorfortuitousaccidentswithinthescopeofinsurancecover,theinsuredorhisagentoranyemployeespaystheexpensescausedinsavingtheinsuredcargoinordertopreventthelossesfromfurtherexpanding.Salvagecharges:Whentheinsuredcargosuffersanaturalcalamityorafortuitousaccidentwithinthescopeofinsurancecover,thethirdpartywhohasnocontractedrelationswiththeinsuredandtheinsurersalvagesthecargosuccessfully.Extracharges:Includethefeeforreconnaissance,notarization,calculation,auction,andthefeeforoffload,storagethegoods.海上运输货物保险保障的费用施救费用（Sue&LaborCharges）是指保险货物遭遇保险责任范围内的事故时，被保险人或其代理人、雇佣人员和受让人为避免或减少损失而采取各种抢救、保护、整理措施而产生的合理费用。救助费用（SalvageCharges）当船舶遇到海难，虽然经船上人员尽力采取办法亦不能使船舶脱离危险时，必须由他人来救助，由此支付的报酬就是救助费用。额外费用（ExtraCharges）是指保险标的受损后，对其进行查堪、公正、理算或拍卖等支付的费用以及运输在中途中止时所支付的货物卸下、存仓及续运至目的地的费用等。CaseStudy一载货船舶由天津港驶出不远处，一船舱起火，船长下令引水灭火，火虽扑灭，船的主机被烧坏，遂租拖船拖回天津港，修理完毕后重驶目的港。事后检查，发现如下损失：1）300箱货物被焚；2）100箱货物被烟熏；3）200箱货物被水浸湿；4）主机和部分甲板烧坏；5）拖船费用；6）额外增加的燃料费用和船员工资。以上损失哪些是共同海损，哪些是单独海损？IntroductionoftheinsurancecoverageofmarinecargotransportBasicrisksadditionalrisksresponsibilitiesandtimelimitofinsurancetheexclusionofbasiccoverageF.P.AW.P.AAllrisksGeneraladditionalrisksSpecialadditionalrisksFreefromParticularAverage,(F.P.A.)includes:1.Realtotallossorconstructivetotallosscausedbynaturalcalamityoraccidentinthecourseoftransportation;被保险货物在运输途中由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸等自然灾害造成整批货物的实际全损和推定全损。2.Partiallossoftheinsuredcommoditiescausedbythetransportaccidentssuchasground,stranding,sink,collision,fireandexplosion;由于运输工具遭受搁浅、触礁、沉没、互撞、失火、爆炸等意外事故造成的全部或部分损失。3.Partiallossoftheinsuredcommoditiescausedbynaturalcalamitiessuchasabominableclimate,thunder,tsunamibeforeorafterthetransportaccident,suchasground,stranding,sinkorfire;在运输工具已经发生搁浅、触礁等意外事故的情况下，货物在此前后又在海上遭受自然灾害所造成的部分损失。4、totallossorpartiallosscausedbythelostoftheinsuredcommoditiesinthecourseofloading,unloadingandtransshipment;在装卸或转运时由于一件或整件货物落海造成的全部或部分损失。5、totallossorpartiallossinthecourseofunloadingintherefugeportwhenencounteringnatura