组合机床滑台液压系统设计

组合机床滑台液压系统设计Thedesignofhydraulicsystemofmodularmachinetoolslide江苏大学本科毕业设计I组合机床滑台液压系统设计摘要作为一种高效率的专用机床，组合机床在大批量机械加工生产中应用广泛。本次课程设计将以组合机床动力滑台液压系统设计为例，介绍该组合机床液压系统的设计方法和设计步骤，其中包括组合机床动力滑台液压系统的工况分析、主要参数确定、液压系统原理图的拟定、液压元件的选择以及系统性能验算等。组合机床是以通用部件为基础，配以按工件特定外形和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具而组成的半自动或自动专用机床。组合机床一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍至几十倍。组合机床兼有低成本和高效率的优点，在大批量生产中得到广泛应用，并可用以组成自动生产线。组合机床通常采用多轴、多刀、多面、多工位同时加工的方式，能完成钻、扩、铰、镗孔、攻丝、车、铣、磨削及其他精加工工序。液压系统由于具有结构简单、动作灵活、操作方便、调速范围大、可无级连续调节等优点，在组合机床中得到了广泛应用。液压系统在组合机床上主要是用于实现工作台的直线运动和回转运动，本次设计组合机床动力滑台为一台卧式钻、镗组合机床上的动力滑台液压系统要求完成动作为“快进—工进—快退—原位停止”的工作循环：最大切削力为FL=12KN，动力头自重FG=20KN，工作进给要求能在0.02—1.2m/min的范围内无级调速，快进、快退速度为6m/min；工进行程为100mm，快进行程为300mm；采用平导轨，其静、动摩擦系数取fs=0.2、fd=0.1；往复运动的加速、减速时间要求不大于0.5S。关键词：液压系统修正节流阀分流集流阀液压锁Thedesignofhydraulicsystemofmodularmachinetoolslide江苏大学本科毕业设计IIAbstractasaspecialmachineforhighefficiency,thecombinationofmachinetoolsarewidelyusedinlargebatchmachiningproduction.Thecurriculumdesigntocombinationmachinetoolhydraulicpressuresystemdesignasanexample,introducesthedesignmethodofthehydraulicsystemofmodularmachinetoolandthedesignprocedure,includingcombinationmachinetoolhydraulicsystemofpowerslipwayconditionanalysis,themainparameters,hydraulicsystemprinciplediagramofthequasifixed,thechoiceofhydrauliccomponentsandsystemperformancechecking.Combinationmachineisbasedoncommoncomponents,withspecialcomponentsdesignedaccordingtoworkpiecespecificshapeandprocessandfixtureandconsistingofsemi-automaticorautomaticmachinetool.Combinationmachinegenerallyadoptsthemultiaxis,multiknife,multiprocess,multiormultistageandprocessing,productionefficiencyseveraltimestoseveraltimeshigherthanthegeneralmachinetool.Thecombinationmachinehastheadvantagesofhighefficiencyandlowcost,widelyusedinmassproduction,andcanbeusedtocomposetheautomaticproductionline.Combinationmachinetoolsusuallyadoptsthemultiaxis,multiknife,multi-faceted,multistationandprocessing,cancompletethedrilling,boring,tapping,reaming,expansion,cars,milling,grindingandotherfinishingprocesses.Thehydraulicsystemhastheadvantagesofsimplestructure,flexibleaction,convenientoperation,widespeedrange,theadvantagesofcontinuoussteplessregulation,hasbeenwidelyappliedinthemodularmachinetool.Hydraulicsysteminmodularmachineismainlyusedtoachievetheworktablelinearmovementandrotarymovement,thedesignofcombinedmachinetoolpowerslidingtableisahorizontaldrilling,hydraulicsystemofpowerslipwayboringmodularmachinetocompletetherequirementsofactionasfastforward-feeding-rewindin-situstopworkcycle:themaximumcuttingforceforFL=12KN,apowerheadweightFG=20KN,feedrequirementscanbesteplessintherangeof0.02-1.2m/mininspeed,fastforward,rewindspeedis6m/min;feedingschedulefor100mm,fastforwardstrokeis300mm;usingflatguiderail,thestatic,dynamicfrictioncoefficientfs=0.2,fd=0.1;acceleration,thereciprocatingmotionofthetimerequirementsnotmorethan0.5S.Keywords:HydraulicsystemAmendmentthrottlevalveFlowdistributingandcollectingvalveHydrauliclock江苏大学本科毕业设计III目录第一章绪论........................................................................................................................11.1液压传动的发展状况................................................................................................11.2液压技术的应用........................................................................................................2第二章组合机床滑台设计依据...................................................................................2第三章工况分析...............................................................................................................23.1负载分析....................................................................................................................23.2负载图和速度图........................................................................................................3第四章初步拟定液压系统原理图..............................................................................44.1选择液压基本回路....................................................................................................44.2组成液压系统原理图................................................................................................5第五章确定液压系统参数.........................................................................................................65.1初选液压缸工作压力................................................................................................65.2计算液压缸的结构尺寸............................................................................................75.3绘制工况图................................................................................................................8第六章液压元件的计算和选择...................................................................................86.1确定液压泵的规格和电机功率................................................................................86.2选择液压阀................................................................................................................96.3确定管道尺寸.............................................................................................................106.4确定油箱容量........................................................