搜索
,,(,610054):,,;,;,:;;:E917:A:1672-8211(2005)01-0023-06,,,,,[1],,,(QuickResponse,QR),,;,,,,[2-3];,,[4-5]DeGroote[6],[7],Bar2ad[8],Herer[9],Kress[10-11]KressKress[10],(TechnicalFlexibil2ity)(StructuralFlexibility)[11],;,,;,;,,:2004-07-30:(NO.79725002):(1981-),,,,.20053Mar.2005191MilitaryOperationsResearchandSystemsEngineeringVol.19No.1©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.,[1]();,,[1],,,,,,:,N;n(i,j)ij,Jii,J1J2JNJ1=1;S(i,j)n(i,j)x(i,j),X=Ni=1Jnj=1xi,j,X,xi=(xi,1,,xi,Ji)i,(x1,x2,,xN)di,jn(i,j)S(i,j);ai,jn(i,j),ai,j=max{0,di,j-xi,j},1iN,1jJi;n(i,j)di,jdi,j=n(i+1,k)S(i,j)ai+1,k,1iN,1jJi;dN,j,1jJN(ProbabilityofResponse,PR)PRiiN-1,1i-1,Ni=1PRi=1,,,PR1;PRNR(xi,xi+1,,xN)=P{di,jxi,j,j=1,2,,Ji},1iNi;R(xN)=P{dN,jxN,j,j=1,2,,JN};R(x1,x2,,xN)=P{d1,1x1,1},R(xi,xi+1,,xN):R(xi,xi+1,,xN)=Jij=1P{di,jxi,j},1iN,,(PerformanceofSupplyTree,PST):PST=PR1R(x1,x2,,xN)+PR2R(x2,,xN)++PRNR(xN)=Ni=1[PRiR(xi,xi+1,,xN)](1)4220051©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,BaradSapirFisher[12]Ernst[13],[8](Trans-routingFlexibility),,,,,[14],(Response)(Range),;,,,,1u,,u=0;,K,,u=K-1,1-c,,,X(x1,x2,,xN),1:,:N-1n(N-1,j),S(N-1,j),,,,S(N-1,j)d’N-1,jd’N-1,jdN-1,j,dN-1,jn(N-1,j),:P{d’N-1,jxN-1,j}P{dN-1,jxN-1,j},n(i,j):P{d’i,jxi,j}P{di,jxi,j},1iN,1jJi(2)2:,:,i+1N,iK,ik,1kK,i1+i2++ik=Jii:R’(xi,xi+1,,xN)=Km=1Pimn=1di,nimn=1xi,nPimn=1di,nimn=1xi,nimn=1P{di,nxi,n},:52©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.’(xi,xi+1,,xN)Jin=1P{di,nxi,n}=R(xi,xi+1,,xN),R(xi,xi+1,,xN)i,i+1N,1:R’(xi,xi+1,,xN)=Km=1Pimn=1d’i,nimn=1xi,nKm=1Pimn=1di,nimn=1xi,nR’(xi,xi+1,,xN)R(xi,xi+1,,xN)(3)3:::PST’=PR1R’(x1,x2,,xN)+PR2R’(x2,,xN)++PRNR’(xN)=Ni=1[PRiR’(xi,xi+1,,xN)]2:PST’=Ni=1[PRiR’(xi,xi+1,,xN)]Ni=1[PRiR(xi,xi+1,,xN)]=PST(4),,,,,,,3,2-a2-b2-b2,d2j,1j3[0,l];X=l,x11=a,0al;,x2j=b,b=X-a3,1j3;PR1=P,a2j,1j3:Fa2j(x)=blx=0bl+xl0xl-b(5)R(x1,x2)=P{a21+a22+a23a}6220051©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.=0,R(x1,x2)=bl3;a=l,R(x1,x2)=P{d21+d22+d23a}=P{d213d223d23a}=16;0al,:R(x1,x2)=P{a21+a22+a23a}=P{a21=0,a21+a22+a23a}+P{0a21l-b,a21+a22+a23a}=P{a21=0}P{a22+a23a}+min{a,l-b}0P{a22+a23a-y|a21=y}dP{a21y}(6)P{a22+a23x,xa}=P{a22=0}P{a23x}+min{x,l-b}0P{a23x-y|a22=y}dP{a22y}=blbl+xl+x01lbl+x-yldy=1l2b2+2bx+x22(7)(7)(6),:R(x1,x2)=P{a21+a22+a23a}=1l33ab2+32a2b+b3+a36(1),:PST=1l33ab2+32a2b+b3+a36P+1l3b3(1-P)(8),a21+22:Fa21+22(x)=2b2l2x=0(2b+x)22l20xl-2b12+12l2[4l(x+2b)-3l2-(x+2b2]l-2bx2l-2b(9)a23(5)R’(x1,x2)=P{a21+22+a23a}a=0,R’(x1,x2)=2bl3;0al,:R’(x1,x2)=P{a21+22+a23a}=P{a21+22=0}P{a23a}+min{l-2b,a}0P{a23a-y|a21+22=y}dP{a21+22y}=2b2l2bl+al+a0bl+a-yld(2b+y)22l2=1l34ab2+32a2b+2b3+a36(1),:PST’=1l34ab2+32a2b+2b3+a36P+1l32b3(1-P)(10)(8)(10):,,;C4I,,,,72©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,1,,,0,,(Postpone),,,0,,,,,,,4,;,,,1,.[M].:,2004.2DeToniA,TonchiaS.Manufacturingflexibility:Aliteraturereview[J].InternationalJournalofProductionResearch,1998,36(6):1587-1617.3D’SouzaDE,WilliamsFP.Towardsataxonomyofmanufacturingflexibilitydimensions[J].JournalofOperationsManagement,2000,18:577-593.4PyeR.Aformaldecision-theoreticapproachtoflexibilityandrobustness[J].JournaloftheOperationalResearchSociety,1978,29:215-227.5MandelbaumM,BuzacottJ.Flexibilityanddecisionmaking[J].EuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch,1990,44:17-27.6DeGrooteX.Theflexibilityofproductionprocesses:Ageneralframework[J].ManagementScience,1994,40(7):933-945.7BrackenJ,KressM,RosenthalRE.WarfareModeling,MORS[M].JWiley&Sons,1995.8BaradM,SapirDE.Flexibilityinlogisticsystems:Modelingandperformanceevaluation[J].InternationalJournalofProductionEconom2ics,2003,85:155-170.9HererYT,TzurM.Thedynamictransshipmentproblem[J].NavalResearchLogistics,2001,48(5):386-408.10KressM.FlexibilityinOperational-LevelLogistics[J].MilitaryOperationsResearch,2000,5(1):41-54.11KressM.OperationalLogistics[M].KluwerAcademicPublishers,2002,167-188.12FisherM.Whatistherightsupplychainforyourproduct?[J].HarvardBusinessReview,1997,75:105-116.13ErnstE,KamradB.Evaluationofsupplychainstructuresthroughmodularizationandpostponement[J].EuropeanJournalofOperationalResearch,2000,124:495-510.14UptonDM.Themanagementofmanufacturingflexibility[J].CaliforniaManagementReview,1994,36:72-89.8220051©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.