动词不定式肯定:to+V.原或者(to)+V.原否定:not/never+(to)+V.原1)Helikestoreadnovels.2)Isawhimcome.3)Wedecidednottobuythathouse.4)Itisinterestingtoflyakite.5)Pleaselethimnotgothere.动词不定式的结构作主语Tohearyourvoiceissonice.Tostudyhardisveryimportant.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.Itisveryimportanttostudyhard.不定式作主语时,通常用it作形式主语,把真正的主语放在后面。注意:1、Itis+adj.for/ofsb.todosth.不定式做主语谓语动词用单数It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.for:adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征(important/necessary/interesting等.)of:adj.多为描述主语的品质特征(kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.)作主语Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offor2、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.作主语我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。Ispendthreehoursfinishingthehomeworkeveryday.3、Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.ItismypleasuretohelpyouwithyourEnglish.作主语4、用在谚语中Toseeistobelieve.Tosayiseasy,buttodoishard.作主语1、Itisnecessary______ustolearntowait.(of/for)2、Itwascareless______metobreakthecup.(of/for)3、Ittookthem1,000yuan_________thistable.(buy)4、Itismypleasure_________theboxforyou.(carry)tobuyforoftocarry练习5、轮到我们打扫教室了。Itisourturn_________________________6、Towastetimeistoshortenlife.(翻译成中文)tocleantheclassroom.浪费时间就是缩短生命。练习1、动词+todosth.常用动词有:want/wish/like/wouldlike/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等1、Ihopetofinishittomorrow.2、Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.作宾语决定学习(有)希望,设法拒绝想假装主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮2、动词+疑问词+todoIdon’tknow____________next.Shecan’tdecide_________________.作宾语2、她不能决定买哪本书。1、我不知道接下来该做什么。whattodowhichbooktobuy=Shecan’tdecidewhichbooksheshouldbuy.3、主语+谓语+it+adj./n.+todo作宾语常见的谓语动词:find,think,consider,feel,make等Thedustyairmakesitdifficulttogetaclearpictureofspace.大气中的尘埃使人难以获取太空的清晰图像。我认为学好英语很重要IthinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.1、Don’tforget_________________.(关灯)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.(出去)3、Idon’twant________________.(依赖别人)4、Samislearning________________.(怎样开车)5、Wepromise__________theenvironment.(保护)toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar练习toprotect1、动词+宾语(sb./sth.)+todosth.作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.常用的动词有:ask,allow,advise,wanttell,order,teach,expect等动词多为感官动词、使动词。一感:feel二听:hear,listento三使:make,let,have四看:see,notice,watch,lookatJohn’smothermakeshimplaythepianoeveryday.变被动时是省略的不定式符号to要还原回来:hearsbdosbbeheardtodosthJohn_________playthepianoeveryday.ismadeto2、动词+宾语+不带to的不定式注意:1、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome练习5、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成简单句)7、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被动句)(to)solveIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.1、主语+be+todosth主语多为duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job等名词1、Myambitionistobeasinger.2、Hisworkistocleantheclassroomeveryday.作表语我的梦想是成为一名歌手。他的工作是每天清扫教室。2、谚语中1、Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.2、Toseeistobelieve.放在被修饰词的后面Ihavealotofworktodo.Iwanttofindsomethingtodrink.作定语不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。I’mlookingforahotel_________.A.stayB.stayatC.tostayD.tostayatD位置:Hehasn’tgotahousetoliveIhavenopenstowrite_______.inwithHeboughtatoytoplaywith.1、原因状语:主语+be+adj.(表情感)+todosth.(happy/gladangry/sorry/sad/afraid等)I’msorrytohearthat.作状语I’mgladtoseeyou.2、目的状语Thesoldierranintotheroomtosavethegirl.Tomwenttotheairport_________________(去接他的爷爷)tomeethisgrandpa3、结果状语too+adj./adv.+todosth.adj./adv.enoughtodosth.Youaretooyoungtodothisjob.Heranfastenoughtocatchthebus.动词不定式可以充当的句子成分1、作主语2、作宾语3、作宾语补足语4、作表语5、作定语6、作状语AllIdidwastogivehimsomeadvice.Hisdreamistotravelallovertheworld.Lucyneedsafriendtoplaywith.Hewasthelastguesttoarrive.It’sinterestingtoreadasciencefiction.下列不定式作何种成分?(表语)(表语)(定语)(定语)(主语)Hewasgladtoseeyou.Myfatherofferedtobuyacomputerforme.HeintervieweddetectiveKentogetsomeinformation.Thedoctoraskedhimtohavemorefruitandvegetables.(状语)(宾语)(状语)(宾语补足语)下列不定式作何种成分?1、习惯于beusedto_______被用于beusedto_______Waterisusedto_____(put)outfires.Iamusedto_______(take)awalkaftersupper.2、prefer…to…比起……来更喜欢比起游泳来,我更喜欢跑步。Iprefer________to___________.3、lookforwardto期待,盼望I’mlookingforwardto_______(visit)Beijingagain.介词to与不定式to的区别puttakingrunningswimmingvisitingdodoingExercises1.--You’vedoneverywellthistime.--It’sreallykind______.A.foryoutosaysoB.foryousayingsoC.ofyoutosaysoD.ofyousayingso2.Itisbettertoloseone’slifethan____.A.ifyouloseyourspiritB.losinghisspiritC.toloseone’sspiritD.yourspiritgettinglostCC3.–Ican’tworkinthisway.--Whynot____itinsomeotherway?A.trytodoB.trydoingC.tryingtodoD.tryingdoing4.Sinceyoufinditdifficult____adecision,you’dbetteradiscussion(讨论)withyourparents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.toreach;haveBD5.Myfatherhates(痛恨)___.Heneverallowsme_____.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoke;smokingD.smoking;tosmoke6.Thegirlwasbeginning___.A.getangryB.togetangryC.gettingangryD.angryDB7.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow________.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.whattochooseD.tochoo