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第页1Unit6Detectivestories(B)一.教学内容：9AUnit6Grammar二.教学目标：1.直接引语和间接引语的基本概念2.间接引语中的难点【具体教学过程】(一)间接引语中常用动词辨析1.take/bring用“bring”and“take”填空:1).Whenyougototheparty,don’tforgetto__________thewinewithyou.2).Lookatthecloud.It’sgoingtorain.You’dbetter_______anumbrellawithyouwhenyougotowork.3)._____________theemptyboxawayand_________meafullone.4).__________________thispresenttoyouruncle’shouse.5).Don’tforgetto___________________someCDswhencometovisitusonSunday.2.listen(to)/hearWhenwelistencarefully,wecanhearsomething.用“hear”and“listen(to)”填空:1).I_________________astrangenoiseinthemidnightyesterday.2).Hewas______________________totheradiowhenIcameintotheroom.3).I_____________and____________,butIcould______________nothingatall.4).Canyou_______________thetelephoneringing?5).________________tothatnoise.Itsoundslikesomeoneismovingfurther.6).ItwassonoisythatIcouldn’t___________________thereport.3.look/see/watch用“look”,“see”and“watch”填空:1).___________________!Therearesomanypeoplethere.What’shappening?2).Wouldyouplease___________________theblackboardinsteadofreadingyourbook?3).Theywentto_________________thebirdsintheforestonceaweekandmakesomenotesaboutit.4).He_______________thepaperforawhile,but________________nothingonit.5).__________________atthatdog.It’ssofat.6).Ican’t________________thedog.Whereisit?7).Ifyou____________________theprogramtonight,youwillseeyourfavoritesinger.4.come/go用comeandgo填空:1).Whenwillyourmother________________backfromBeijing?2).Myfatherwill____________toShanghaiforbusinessnextweek.3).Therearesomanycarsandbuses_________________and______________ontheroad.4).Doyouwantto_______________tomyhouse?WecanwatchTVtogether.5).Sorry,Ican’t.Ihaveto_______________toseemyuncleinhospital.（二）直接引语和间接引语的基本概念：直接引述别人的原话，叫____________;用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_________。直接引语通常都用____________括起来，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个_______________。直接引语:第页2Shesaid,“Ilikesinging.”Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”Shesaid,“IhavenevermetanAmerican.”Shesaid,“Iwillseeyounextweek.”间接引语：Shesaidshelikedsinging.Shesaidshewaswaitingforabus.ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.ShesaidshehadnevermetanAmerican.Shesaidshewouldseemethenextweek.（三）间接引语ReportedSpeech直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话用引号，而间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。1.直接引语转换成间接引语时应注意几个变化:1)不再有逗号,引号2)要考虑人称的变化3)要考虑时态的变化4)要考虑时间状语、地点状语以及指示代词的变化Shesaid,“Ihaveworkedheresince2002.”Shesaidthatshehadworkedtheresince2002Mumsaid,“Iwillbebacktomorrow.”Mumsaidthatshewouldbebackthenextday.2.难点概括：A.人称的变化主语为第一人称时，转变为间接引语后，人称要做相应的调整。例如：Shesaid,“Iamtired.”Shesaidthatshewastired.Theheadmastersaidtous,“Youmuststudyhardnow.”Theheadmastertoldusthatwehadtostudyhardthen。Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelpyou.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelpme.由直接引语变为间接引语，代词的人称转换可用“一主，二宾，三不变”来概括．B.时态的变化：1.主句谓语是现在时，从句的时态不变Heoftensays,“Chinaisgreat.”HeoftensaysthatChinaisgreat.Heasks,“IsTomanEnglishman?”Heasksif/whetherTomisanEnglishman.2.主句谓语是过去时，从句的时态要相应地降一级一般现在时（do/does）———一般过去时(did)一般将来时(willdo)———过去将来时(woulddo)现在进行时(is/aredoing)——过去进行时(was/weredoing)现在完成时(have/hasdone)——过去完成时(haddone)一般过去时(did)———过去完成时(haddone)Ihavereceivedtheletter.Tomsaid.Tomsaidthathehadreceivedtheletter.3.直接引语改为间接引语时时态不变的情况(1)当表示的是客观事实或真理的时候,时态不变。第页3Theteachertoldus,“Thesunrisesintheeast.”Theteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeast.（2）强调的动作或状态现在仍然存在,时态不变。YesterdayJacksaidtome,“Mycousinisstillalive.”YesterdayJacktoldmethathiscousinisstillalive.（3）当直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间作状语时，间接引语中保持原来的一般过去时。Hesaid,“Ijoinedthearmyin1934.”Hesaidhejoinedthearmyin1934.C.句子类型的变化1.被引用的句子是陈述句,只需要在句子前面加that,在口语中及非正式用语中常常省略,如:Dadsaidtome,“Ienjoycartoonsverymuch.”Dadtoldme(that)heenjoyscartoonsverymuch.2.如果被引用的句子是一般疑问句，否定疑问句，反意疑问句，选择疑问句，这个时候要用if/whether引导从句。如:Heasked,“DoyoulikeChinesetea?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedChinesetea.Shesaid,“Don’tyouknowhisname?”Sheaskedwhether/ifIknewhisname.“Youarereading,aren’tyou?”hesaidtome.HeaskedmewhetherIwasreadingornot.whether/if之异同：(1)强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有ornot时。如：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.(2)宾语从句前置时。如：Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.(3)引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如：Whetherthefootballgamewillbeplayeddependsontheweather.（主语从句）Thequestioniswhetherhecandoit.（表语从句）Thequestionwhetherweshouldgowiththemmustbedecidedatonce.（同位语从句）(4)在介词之后作介词的宾语时。如：Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.(5)在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时。如：Whethertogoorstayisstillaquestion.(6)在discuss,decide等动词后作宾语时。如：Wediscussedwhetherweshouldgotherebyplane.if引导条件状语从句，是“假如；如果”之意，whether引导让步状语从句，是“不管；无论”之意。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Ishallgo,whetheryoucomewithmeorstayathome.3.当被引用的句子是特殊疑问句时,要把特殊疑问句改为以特殊疑问词开头,并且用陈述句语序,如:Lilyaskedme,“Whoisthatman?”Lilyaskedmewhothatmanwas.Tinawondered,“HowlonghavetheystayedinJapan?”TinawonderedhowlongtheyhadstayedinJapan.4.当被引用的句子是祈使句时,改为间接引语时要把祈使句中的动作用动词不定式todo的形式表示,而主句中的动词根据句子意思可以用ask,want,tell,order等表示，如:TommysaidtoLinda,“Gotoclosethedoor.”TommyaskedLindatogotoclosethedoor.Themansaidtothechildren,“Don’tplaywithfire.”Themantold/orderedthechildrennottoplaywithfire.句子类型变化表格：第页4从句的句式连接词陈述句that一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问句特殊疑问词祈使句(肯定句)to+动词原形祈使句(否定句)notto+动词原形D.指示代词，地点状语，动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose地点状语here