Unit11.Words&expressionsfamilytree家谱relative(n.)亲戚grandson(n.)孙子granddaughter(n.)孙女cousin(n.)堂兄弟,堂姐妹nephew(n.)外甥niece(n.)侄女,外甥女else(adv.)另外,其他able(adj.)能的;ability(n.)能力;enable(v.)使......能够tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于某事cookthedishes做菜showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看某物washthedishes洗碟子playgames做游戏doapuzzle猜字谜goshopping去购物2.Languagestructure(1)询问信息Whoisthis?/Whoarethese?这是谁?/这些是谁?Howoldis......?......几岁?A:Howmany......haveyougot?你有多少......?B:Ihavegot....../Ihaveonlygotone......我有....../我只有一个......A:Whatdoyouusuallydowithyour......?你通常和你的......做......?B:Ialways/usually/sometimes/neverdosth.withmy......我总是/通常/有时候/从不和我的......做......(2)介绍Thisis....../Theseare......这是....../这些是......(3)表示祝愿Happybirthday!生日快乐!(4)always,usually,often,sometimes,never等被称为频度副词,通常情况下常用于一般现在时态的句子中,表示经常发生的习惯性动作或自然现象或事实。always表示动作的重复频率最高,usually其次,sometimes再次,never表示动作从未发生。Ioftentellhimaboutschool.我经常告诉他关于学校的事。Inevershowthemmyhomework.我从未给他们看我的家庭作业。(5)形容词比较级的用法:Yourbrotherlooksshorterthanyou.你的兄弟看上去比你矮。Yourunclelooksolderthanmine.你的叔叔看上去比我的叔叔年纪大。(6)look(连系动词)+adj.“看起来......”Jimlookshappytoday.Unit21.Words&expressionsfriend(n.)朋友;friendly(adj.)友好的love(n.)爱;lovely(adj.)可爱的helpful(adj.)乐于助人的;angry(adj.)生气的;anger(n.)生气helpless(adj.)无助的help(v./n.)帮助helpeachother相互帮助helpsb.withsth.帮助某人某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事angrily(adv.)生气地betogether一起bekindtosb.对某人和善sharesth.withsb.与某人分享某物tellalie撒谎在具体的某一天用介词ononSaturday在周六onawinternight在冬天的一个晚上onMay9在五月九日lookaftersb.=takecareofsb.照顾某人lookaftersb.well=takegoodcareofsb.好好照顾某人find(v.)找到(不经意找到)findout找到(经过努力找到)fookfor寻找(不知道结果)pickup拾起,捡起putsth.intosp.把某物放在某地promisetodosth.承诺做某事keepone'spromise遵守某人的诺言makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友thefriendoftheearth地球的朋友2.Languagestructure(1)询问信息A:Whatdoyouliketodowithyourfriend?你和朋友喜欢做什么?B:Weliketo......together.我们喜欢一起做......Whatdoyoulikeabouthim/her?你认为他/她怎样?Howcanwelookaftertheenvironment?我们怎样来照顾环境?(2)描述Weliketobetogether.我们喜欢在一起。Sheisalwayshardworkingandshealwayskeepsherpromise.她总是努力工作并遵守她的诺言。(3)表示承诺Wepromisetodo......我们承诺做......(4)一般现在时态第三人称单数作主语的陈述句:Jimisahardworkingstudent.吉姆是一位努力学习的学生。Sheisneverangry.Henevertellsalie.(5)already,just和yet的用法:时间副词:already(已经),just(刚刚),yet(还)already和just用于肯定句,置于句中、句尾皆可,yet用于否定句和疑问句中,通常放在句尾。常用在现在完成时态中,现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,其基本形式:have/has+过去分词。例如,HaveyoubeentotheOceanparkyet,Winnie?温妮,你曾经去过海洋公园吗?No,Ihaven'tbeenthereyet.不,我还没去过那里。Yes,I'vealreadybeenthere.是的,我已经去过那里。Yes,I'vejustbeentotheOceanPark.是的,我刚刚去过海洋公园。havebeento......和havebeenthere的区别havebeento后跟表示地点的名词,而havebeenthere中there是表示地点的副词,后面不能再跟地点。例如,IhavealreadybeentoShanghaiMuseum.我已经去过上海博物馆。OrientPearlTVTowerisoneofthetallesttowersintheworld.Ihavealreadybeenthere.东方明珠电视塔是世界上最高的塔之一。我已经去过那里。Unit31.Words&expressionsaround(prep.)围绕,绕着round(prep./adj)围绕,绕着/圆的例如,Theyaresittingaroundtheteacher.他们坐在老师周围。Thegreenballisalmostround.这个绿球几乎是圆的。befarawayfrom……远离……(opp.)benear…..在……附近atweekends=attheweekend在周末goshopping去购物bringsb.Sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人on……(island)在……(小岛上)onLuckyIsland在幸运岛上aphotographofmyfamilyandme一张我和我家人的照片BotanicalGardens植物园ashoppingmall大型购物商场departmentstore百货大楼collect(v.)收集collection(n.)收藏,收藏品visit(v.)参观visitor(n.)参观者lie(v.)躺(pt.)lay,(pp.)lain,(presp)lying2.Languagestructure(1)getthere到达那里注意:home,here,there等地点副词前不加to,例如,arrivehome到家,arriveatschool到学校,comehere到这里,cometomyoffice到我办公室(2)haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=enjoyone’stime玩得愉快(3)forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事;forgetdoingsth.忘记曾经做过某事,例如,Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.当你离开教室的时候不要忘记把灯关上。Iforgetmeetingyouayearago.我忘记了一年前曾经遇见过你。(4)征求对方意见What/Howabout(doing)sth.?(做)……怎么样?(5)Wherehaveyoubeenin……?你去过…..的哪些地方?例如,WherehaveyoubeeninGardenCity?你去过花园城市的哪些地方?Unit41.Words&expressionsbusinesswoman(n.)妇女实业家其复数为:businesswomenfish(n.)(1)鱼肉[UN](2)鱼(各种种类)[CN]其复数为:fishes例如,Helpyourselftosomefish.Workersdrivefishtothesupermarketeverymorning.工人每天早上把鱼送到businessman(n.)商人其复数为:businessmencook(v./n.)烹调/厨师cooker(n.)蒸煮器,炊具cooking(n.)烹调术超市。Therearedifferentfishesinthesea.在海里有不同种类的鱼。teach(v.)教;teacher(n.)教师drive(v.)驾驶;driver(n.)司机policeman(n.)警察(pl.policemen)start/finishwork开始/结束工作例如,Istartworkathalfpastseveninthemorningandfinishworkateighto’clockintheevening.starttodosth.=startdoingsth.开始做某事finishdoingsth.结束做某事secretary(n.)秘书(pl.secretaries)abankclerk一位银行职员putoutfires扑火toomuch+n.[u]太多的……例如,toomuchtimemuchtoo+adj.太……例如,muchtoocold太冷了makesickpeoplebetter使病人病情好转2.Languagestructure(1)would(not)liketobe/do表达愿望,表示(不)想做某事。(相当于wanttobe/do,是较为婉转的表示法.)Iwould缩写为I'd;wouldnot缩写为wouldn't,例如,Iwouldliketohavecoffee.我想要喝咖啡。Iwouldlikefish.我想要鱼。----Wouldyouliketobeadriver?你想成为一名司机吗?----Yes,Iwould./No,Iwouldn't.是的,我想。/不,我不想。注意:like用作动词时翻译为“喜欢”,其用法是liketodosth.likedoingsth.likesth.例如,Helikestodraw./Helikesdrawing.他喜欢画画。(2)spend(spent,spent)花费spend(time/money)indoingsth.花费时间或金钱做某事,in可以省略spend(time/money)onsth.花费时间或金钱在某事或某物上,on不可以省略,例如,Weoftenspendanhour(in)doingourhomework.=Weoftenspendanhouronourhomework.我们经常花费一小时做作业。Hespent200yuanonthiscoatyesterday.(3)用because原因状语从句来说明理由。because“因为”,提问要用why,例如,----Whywouldyouliketobeateacher?----IwouldliketobeateacherbecauseIwanttotea