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200822:100026788(2008)02200192071,1,2(11,100084;21,210093):.;,.,.,,.:;;;:F40617:AFreshproductsupplychaincoordinationunderCIFbusinessmodelwithlongdistancetransportationXIAOYong2bo1,CHENJian1,XUXiao2lin2(11ResearchCenterforContemporaryManagement,SchoolofEconomics&Management,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China;21SchoolofBusiness,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China)Abstract:ThispaperfocusesontheoptimizationandcoordinationoffreshproductsupplychainsundertheCIF(CostInsuranceandFreight)businessmodelwithuncertainlongdistancetransportationdelays.Weconsiderthefollowingsystem:Amanufacturertransportsthefreshproductstoadistantwholesalemarket.Becauseoftheuncertaintransportationdelays,hefacestheriskthattheproductmaydecayordeterioratebeforeitarrivesatthedistantmarket.Theconsumer2marketriskisbornebythedownstreamwholesaler,whodecidesontheretailingprice.Basedonthestudyoftheoptimaldecisions(themanufacturersinitialquantityandwholesaleprice,andthewholesalersretailingprice)underthedecentralizedandcentralizedsupplychain,wedeviseasimplecost2sharingmechanismtocoordinatethesupplychainunderconsideration.Keywords:supplychaincoordination;longdistancetransportation;freshproduct;costinsuranceandfreight:2006210226:(70601017,70621061,70518002);(20060390052):(1978-),(),,,:;(1962-),(),,,,:;(1977-),(),,,:.1(),.,,;.;,,[1]..Accenture,,89,30%[2].,15%30%[3].,.;,.():,;,,,.,,,.,,??.,:(),,().([4,5]),,(RandomYield);[68].,,.,Rajanetal.(1992)[9];,,p(t),.,;.,,.([10,11]),,.,.,,,.,,.Caietal(2005)[12],().,,.,.,.,..2,.,,cm,q.,();.,..ct;,.,T,,.,T[a,b](ab),CDFPDFG(t)g(t).:1):,,,.(t)[0,1]:t,q(t);q(1-(t)):=qm(t).2):,;(t)(0(t)1),.:,,.,(),0220082w.q,p.1.1PatruzziDada(1999)Wang(2005)[13,14],():D(p,t)=y0p-k(t),k11,PDFCDFf(x)F(x).y0;k,,k1.(t),.,,.().q,tw;qp,.,.3311t((t))w,qp,.:w(p,q|t)=pE{min(D(p,t),q)}-wq(1)PetruzziDada(1999),(StockingFactor)z:=qP[y0p-k(t)],(q,p)(q,z).p=(zy0(t)Pq)1Pk(1),:w(z,q|t)=zy0(t)q1PkqEminz,1-wq=(zy0(t))1Pk(q)1-1Pk1-z0(1-xPz)f(x)dx-wq.(2)1:(z0):z0(k-1)xf(x)dx=z[1-F(z)],(3)h(x)=xf(x)P F(x)x,limxx F(x)=0,z0.,:^q=z0y0(t)[(1-F(z0))Pw]k(4)z:5w(z,q|t)5z=[y0(t)]1Pk(q)1-1Pkz1-1Pkk1-z0xz(k-1)+1f(x)dx=0(3).h(x)x,GIFR(GeneralizedIncreasingFailureRate)((IFR),,122GammaWeibull,),(z):=z0[x(k-1)+z]f(x)dx-z=-z F(z)+(k-1)z0xf(x)dx(z)=z0f(x)dx+zkf(z)-1=zkf(z)- F(z)=k F(z)h(z)-1k,z[0,h-1(1Pk)],(z);z(h-1(1Pk),),(z).(z).limxx F(x)=0(,),limz(z)0;(0)=0,(z)=0(0,),z0.(3),q.w(z0,q|t)q,(k1),w(z0,q|t)q.,w(z0,q|t)q,5w(z0,q|t)5q=(1-F(z0))[z0y0(t)]1Pk(q)-1Pk-w=0(4).1,k,..(^q,z0),:p3=z0y0(t)^q1Pk=w1-F(z0)(5).(4)(5)(1),():w(z0,^q|t)=1k-1w^q=1k-1z0y0(t)[1-F(z0)]kw1-k(6)312.,qd.t,qdm(t);,.,:m(w|qd,t)=wmin(qdm(t),^q)-(cm+ct)qd(7)2qdt,w3=[1-F(z0)]z0y0(t)qdm(t)1Pk(8).1)qdm(t)^q,ww3,qdm(t),m(w|qd,t)=wqdm(t)-(cm+ct)qd,w,;2)qdm(t)^q,ww3,^q,m(w|qd,t)=z0y0(t)[1-F(z0)]kw1-k-(cm+ct)qdw(k1),.,,w3.,,qd,.,,:((t)),;(m(t)),,.,w3,^qqdm(t).,,.3,2220082q3d=z0y0K0k-1k1-F(z0)cm+ctk(9)K0=Et{(t)1Pkm(t)1-1Pk}.,m(qd)=Et{m(w3|qd,t)}=K0(1-F(z0))(z0y0)1Pk(qd)1-1Pk-(cm+ct)qd(10)k1,m(qd)qd,m(qd)qd.q3d.dm(qd)dqd=k-1kK0(1-F(z0))(z0y0)1Pkq-1Pkd-(cm+ct)=0(9).K0.(t)m(t)[0,1],k1,0K01.,,.(9)(7)(10):1,3m=m(q3d)=cm+ctk-1z0y0K0k-1k[1-F(z0)]cm+ctk(11)3w=w(q3d)=(cm+ct)k(k-1)2z0y0K0k-1k[1-F(z0)]cm+ctk(12),=3m3w=(k-1)Pk,.,,.,.,,(),,.4,q3d..,,,.:(qc),,pc.1,:4,qct,p3c=z0y0(t)qcm(t)1Pk.,qc:c(qc)=Et{p3cE{min(qcm(t),D(p3c,t))}}-qc(ct+cm)=kk-1K0(z0y0)1Pk(1-F(z0))q1-1Pkc-qc(ct+cm)(13)5q3c=z0y0K01-F(z0)cm+ctk(14)(13),c(qc)qc,c(qc)qc.,max{c(qc)}.q3c.dc(qc)dqc=K0(z0y0)1Pk(1-F(z0))q-1Pkc-(ct+cm)=0322(14).(14)(13),3c:=c(q3c)=cm+ctk-1z0y0K01-F(z0)cm+ctk(15).,(9)(14),:=q3d:q3c=(1-1Pk)k12k,;()..:=1-3m+3w3c=1-2k-1k-1k-1kk,;k,(2).,,.5().(8)(6):,.q:w(q)=K0k-1(z0y0)1Pk[1-F(z0)]q1-1Pk(16)(10)(13)(16),c(q)=w(q)+m(q).,,m(q),,q3dq3c(3).3,,q3c.[12],,,,.,,,,.,().,,.6,.6,1Pk,q3c;.,,.,,3.,q4220082m(q)=m(q)+cm+ctkq=K0[1-F(z0)](z0y0)1Pkq1-1Pk-k-1k(cm+ct)q,m(q)q.,m(q)q3c.,.,:m(q3c)=1kq3c(cm+ct)=cm+ctkz0y0K01-F(z0)cm+ctk(17),m(q3c):m(q3d)=(kP(k-1))k-10(k1).,.:w(q3c)=w(q3c)-cm+ctkq3c=cm+ctk(k-1)z0y0K01-F(z0)cm+ctk(18)w(q3c):w(q3d)=(kP(k-1))k-11;,q3c,.,3,.6,.,.:1),;2),;3),,.,.,,,,.,,.,,.,.;,.:[1]KasmireRF.FreshProduceandPerish2ability[M].RBCSHandbook,2006.[2]BoltonJM,LiuWB.CreatinganeffectivechinaColdSupplyChain2currentstatus[C]PPChallengesandImplementationConsiderations.AccentureReport.2006.[3]NewswireToday.ColdChainIsHotinChina[W].http:PPwww.newswiretoday.comPnewsP7721P.[4]GhareP,SchraderG.Amodelforexponentiallydecayinginventories[J].JournalofIndustrialEngineering,1963,14:238-243.[5]CovertR,PhilipG.AnEOQmodelforitemswithweibulldistributiondeterioration[J].AIIETransactions,1973,5:323-326.[6]NahmiasS.Perishableinventorytheory:Areview[J].OperationsResearch,1982,30(4):680-708.[7]RaafatF.Surveyofliteratureoncontinuouslydeterioratinginventorymodels[J].JournaloftheOperationalResearchSociety,1991,42:27-37.(34)522[5]NationJB.Notesonlatticetheory[W].www.math.hawaii.eduPjbPlat1-6.pdf.[6]AggarwalCC,YuPS.OnlineGenerationofAssociationRules[R].IBMResearchReport,RC-20899,1997.[7]ZakiMJ.Scalabledataminingforrules[D].Ph.Dthesis,UniversityofRoc