欧盟食品添加剂相关法规综述-黄冠雄

51Vol.5No.120141JournalofFoodSafetyandQualityJan.,2014基金项目:—Fund:SupportedbyBeijingSocialScienceandNaturalScienceCollaborativeInnovationResearchBaseProject—BeijingResearchBaseofFoodSafetyProject*通讯作者:,,E–mail:[e-mail]*Correspondingauthor:LIUJun-Jun,Professor,SchoolofLaw,BeijingTechnologyandBusinessUniversity,No.11,FuchengRoad,HaidianDistrict,Beijing,100048,China.E–mail:[e-mail]黄冠雄1,刘筠筠1,2*(1.,100048;2.,100048)摘要:,,,,关键词:;;;;OverviewofregulationsonfoodadditivesintheEuropeanUnionHUANGGuan-Xiong1,LIUJun-Jun1,2*(1.SchoolofLaw,BeijingTechnologyandBusinessUniversity,Beijing100048,China;2.BeijingEngineeringandTechnologyResearchCenterofFoodAdditives,Beijing100048,China)ABSTRACT:Itisanimportantrolethatfoodadditivesplayinthefoodindustry.Nevertheless,themisuseoffoodadditivesaddsevenmoretotheproblemsasdamagestohumanbodiesevenhumanlives.There-fore,itisurgentlyneededtoestablishastrictsystemofsupervisionandmanagementoftheuseoffoodadditivesusingregulations.Thesystemofregulationsoccupiesveryimportantpositionofthesociallegalsystem.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)foodregulationsprovidethatonlyfoodadditivesincludedintheCommunitylistmaybeplacedonthemarketassuchandusedinfoods.ThisarticledescribestheeffectiveregulationsandsystemofmanagementoftheEU.Itsuggestslessonsforthelegislationandtheestab-lishmentofsupervisionandmanagementsystemonfoodadditivesintherestoftheworld.KEYWORDS:EuropeanUnion;foodadditives;safety;legislation;management1引言20081216,No1333/2008[1],No1331/2008[2]89/107/EEC,No1333/2008:1,:16189/107/EEC,199463094/35/EC,199463094/36/EC,199522095/2/EC[3],,,[4]20111111,No1129/2011[5]No1130/2011[6]No1131/2011[7](EU)No1333/2008II——III——,(theCommunitylists)[8],,,,2食品添加剂2.1食品添加剂范围No1333/2008,,,,,[9],,No1334/2008[10,11],,:(1),;(2);(3),;(4),,,,,,,[12],[13],,,,,[14],2.2食品添加剂统一清单中的食品添加剂类型,:(1):94/35/EC96/83/EC,95/31/EC98/66/EC2000/51/EC;(2):94/36/EC,95/45/EC99/75/EC;(3):95/2/EC96/85/EC98/72/EC2001/5/EC,96/77/EC96/86/EC2000/63/EC[15],2010120No1333/2008,1625,[16]No1333/2008,:(foodaddi-tivesapprovedforuseinfoods)(foodadditivesapprovedforuseinfoodadditives,foodenzymesandfoodflavourings)2011,No1129/2011[17],No1333/2008ABCDE:(1)A,;(2)B,B,E,E;(3)C;(4)D,C;(5)E,,CD,,E[18,19]B:(1)(colours),(curcumin)(riboflavins)(ponceau4R);(2)(sweeteners),(sorbitols)(acesulfameK)(saccharins)(lactitol);(3)(additivesoth-erthancoloursandsweeteners),(calciumcarbonate)(sorbicacid)(potassiumsorbate)(benzoicacid)[20](EU)No1130/2011,()[21],(carriersinfoodadditives)(foodadditivesotherthancarri-ersinfoodadditives,exceptenzymesauthorisedasfoodadditives)(foodadditivesincludingcarriersinfoodenzymes,includingenzymesauthorisedasfoodadditives)(foodadditivesincludingcarriersinfoodflavourings)(foodadditivesinnutrients)E,[22],,(sweeteners)(colours)(preservatives)(antioxidants)(carriers)(acids)(acidityregulators)(anti-cakingagents)(anti-foamingagents)(bulkingagents)(emulsifiers)(emulsifyingsalts)(firmingagents)(flavourenhancers)(foamingagents)(gellingagents)(glazingagents)(humectants)(modifiedstarches)(packaginggases)(propellants)(raisingagents)(sequestrants)(stabilisers)(thickeners)(flourtreatmentagents)26[23],[24],,;,,,1,:1632.3标签标准规定,,[25]:EE,“”“”[26],[27],,,,E,,E;[28],,,,,3食品酶与食用香料,No1332/2008[29](EC)No1334/2008[30],No1129/2011No1131/2011,No1332/200883/417/EECNo1493/19992000/13/EC2001/112/ECNo258/97,,,,[31],,,,[32],No1334/2008:,,:,,,[33],,,[34],No1334/2008,[35]4食品添加剂、食品用酶与食用香料的统一审批程序,,,[36]No1131/2008,89/107/EEC,[37],(DirectorateGeneralforHealthandConsumerAffairs,DGSANCO),,,,(ScientificCommitteeonFood,SCF)SCF1645,,,[38]No1331/2008,:,,[39],,(EuropeanFoodSafetyAuthority,EFSA)[40],,[41],[42],,,[43],94/35/EC94/36/EC95/2/EC,[44](EFSA),:(1),;(2)20091,94/35/EC94/36/EC95/2/EC;(3),,[45],No1331/2008,,[46]5不断更新的食品添加剂使用标准,,,2001,2012No1050/2012[47]No380/2012[48]2013No438/2013[49]No1274/2013[50],,,6欧盟食品添加剂管理制度对我国的借鉴意义,,(GB2760-2011),,,[19],,,,,,,,,1,:1657结论,,,,,,,,,参考文献[1]Regulation(EC)No1333/2008oftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof16December2008onFoodAdditives[EB/OL].=OJ:L:2008:354:0016:0033:EN:PDF.[2]Regulation(EC)No1331/2008oftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof16December2008EstablishingaCommonAuthorisationProcedureforFoodAdditives,FoodEnzymesandFoodFlavourings[EB/OL].=OJ:L:2008:354:0001:0006:EN:PDF.[3]Regulation(EC)No1333/2008.Article33.Chapter6[Z].[4]Regulation(EC)No1333/2008.Paragraph3.Article10.Chapter2[Z].[5]CommissionRegulation(EU)No1129/2011of11November2011AmendingAnnexIItoRegulation(EC)No1333/2008oftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilbyEstablishingaUnionListofFoodAdditives[EB/OL].=OJ:L:2011:295:0001:0177:EN:PDf.[6]CommissionRegulation(EU)No1130/2011of11November2011AmendingAnnexIIItoRegulation(EC)No1333/2008oftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilonFoodAdditivesbyEstablishingaUnionListofFoodAdditivesApprovedforUseinFoodAdditives,FoodEnzymes,FoodFlavouringsandNutrients[EB/OL].