I浅谈土地征收存在的问题及其对策-以武汉市为例摘要近几年来,随着城市化进程的加快,国家对集体土地征收越来越多,我国现行的土地征收程序,对于保证国家建设起到了积极作用,但随着工业化、城市化的发展,其中的缺陷就日益凸现,集体土地征收中的一些做法,严重损害了农民的合法利益,造成了许多社会矛盾,影响到了社会的稳定。因而,土地征收模式研究被提上了日程,它既为当前土地科学理论研究的焦点,也是土地管理实际工作中的一项迫切任务。本文通过调查研究湖北省土地征收现状,了解有关土地征收的程序、法律法规、征地补偿标准,发现土地征收存在的问题,探讨合理的土地征收模式。本文运用文献资料法、实证研究法、理论和实践相结合法、比较分析法等方法调查研究湖北省土地征收现状发现了诸如公共利益范围被扩大、征地补偿补偿内容不全、安置方式不尽合理、征地补偿标准偏低、失地农民的权益得不到保护等问题。并运用上述方法针对发现的问题提出了严格界定公共利益范围、运用多种手段补偿安置失地农民、完善失地农民安置补偿制度、健全就业和社会保障制度等的对策。论文主要分四部分,首先在引言中阐述了国内外土地征收研究的背景,以及研究土地征收制度改革的目的及意义。其后,正文第一部分介绍了土地征收的定义、特征等情况;在第二部分简述了我国土地征收的现状,并具体的介绍了湖北地区的土地征收现状;在第三部分中具体论述湖北省土地征收存在的问题;在最后一个部分中,针对湖北省土地征收存在的问题提出了相对应的解决对策。关键词:土地征收公共利益范围征地补偿失地农民IIABSTRACTInrecentyears,withtheacceleratedprocessofurbanization,thestateisgettingmoreandmorecollectivelandacquisition.Chinesecurrentlandacquisitionprocedureplaysanactiveroleinguaranteeingthenationalconstruction,however,ofwhichtheshortcomingsarebecomingincreasinglyapparentwiththedevelopmentofindustrializationandurbanization.Somepracticesofthecollectivelandacquisitionseriouslyharmthelegitimateinterestsofthefarmers,causedmanysocialcontradictions,andinfluencethesocialstability.Therefore,theresearchoflandacquisitionmodehasbeenputontheagenda.Itisthefocusofthelandsciencetheoryresearch,aswellasaverypressingtaskinactualpracticeoflandmanagement.ThispaperfindsouttheexistingproblemsoflandacquisitionanddiscussestherationallandacquisitionmodethroughinvestigatingthecurrentsituationoflandacquisitioninHubeiprovince,understandingtherelevantprocedure,lawsandregulations,compensationstandardoflandacquisition.Literaturemethod,empiricalapproach,combinationoftheoryandpracticemeans,comparisonanalysisandothermethodsofinvestigationareusedinthepapertoresearchthecurrentsituationoflandacquisitioninHubeiprovinceandmanyproblemsarespotted,suchastherangeofpublicinterestbeingexpanded,theincompletecontentoflandcompensation,theunreasonablesettlementmethod,thelowstandardoflandcompensation,andtheunprotectedinterestsoffarmerslosinglands.Byusingthemethodsaimingattheproblemsabove,themeasureshavebeenputforwardtoprescribetherangeofpublicinterests,tocompensateandresettlethefarmerslosinglandsbyvariousapproaches,toimprovethecompensationsystemforthefarmerslosingland,toperfecttheemploymentandsocialsecuritysystem.Thepaperisdividedintofourparts.First,itdescribesthebackgroundoflandacquisitionathomeandabroadintheintroductionandstudiesthepurposeandsignificationoflandacquisitionsystemreform.Then,thedefinitionandcharacteristicarepresentedinthefirstpartofthemainbody.ThecurrentsituationoflandacquisitioninChinaandtheconcreteintroductionofthecurrentsituationoflandacquisitioninHubeiprovincearepresentedinthesecondpart.ThedetailedexpositionoftheproblemsoflandacquisitionexistinginHubeiispresentedinthethirdpart.Inthelastpart,itputsforwardtherelevantmeasuresaimingtheproblemsoflandacquisitioninHubeiKeywords:LandexpropriationRangeofpublicinterestCompensateofLandrequisitionFarmerslosingland目录1引言...................................................................1III1.1研究背景及意义.....................................................11.2国外研究现状.......................................................11.3论文思路、框架、内容...............................................22土地征收的定义与特征.................................................32.1土地征收的定义.....................................................32.2土地征收的特征.....................................................32.2.1统一性........................................................32.2.2强制性........................................................32.2.3控制性........................................................32.2.4补偿性........................................................32.2.5公开性........................................................33我国土地征收的现状...................................................53.1我国土地征收的现状.................................................53.2湖北省土地征收的现状...............................................53.2.1武汉市现状....................................................53.2.2武汉周边城市..................................................64湖北省土地征收存在的问题............................................84.1湖北省土地征收的公共利益范围界定模糊,范围被认为扩大化.............84.2湖北省征地补偿制度存在的问题.......................................84.2.1湖北省土地征收征收补偿标准不合理..............................84.2.2湖北省征地补偿标准差异大且补偿利益分配不均....................94.2.3湖北省补偿的资金发放和土地监督机制不完全.....................104.3湖北省失地农民的权益得不到保护....................................114.3.1征地矛盾突出使不少失地农民不能安心就业和保障自己的正当权益...114.3.2征地后农民收入减少,生活水平降低..............................114.3.3湖北省失地农民社会保障存在问题...............................125湖北省土地征收问题原因分析.........................................135.1湖北省土地征收的公共利益范围问题产生的原因........................135.2湖北省征地补偿安置问题的原因......................................136湖北省土地征收问题的解决对策......................................156.1湖北省公共利益范围问题的解决对策..................................156.1.1严格界定公共利益范围.........................................156.1.2建立公共利益的审查机制和审查标准.............................156.2湖北省征地补偿问题的应对策略......................................166.2.1建立合理的征地补偿费的分配模式...............................16I