浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练阅读理解(37)

第1页共9页浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（37）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAthree-yearindependentinvestigationintotheSeptember11,2001attackonthePentagonhasyieldedneweyewitnessevidencewhich,accordingtotheSouthernCalifornia-basedresearcherswhoconductedtheinvestigationconclusively(andunfortunately),establishesasahistoricalfactthattheviolencewhichtookplaceinArlingtonthatdaywasnottheresultofasurpriseattackbysuicidehijackers,butratheramilitaryblackoperationinvolvingacarefullyplannedandskillfullyexecuteddeception.ACNNReporteratthescenestatesthatthereisnoevidencethata757hitthePentagon.WhathitthePentagon?ABoeing757loadedwithpassengersandfuelright?WhowasonFlight757?AccordingtotheFlightInformationtherewereNoArabsonit.ThatmakesmewonderifFlight757actuallyexistedatall.Fromthepicturesandthevideos,peoplecanfindthatthereareseveraldoubtfulpointsthatneedtobetakenintoconsideration,forexamplethemarkerlineonthegrassinthesatelliteandgroundpictures,thedifferentcolorsofthesmoke,theholewhichtheplaneimpacted,andthestandingpylons(架线塔).Also,fromthecomparisonofthedifferentpictures,peoplecanfindsomeotherstrangepoints.Forexample,thegear(齿轮)isnotthematchingone.ThewreckageoftheplaneisnottheonefromtheAmericanAirlines.Theglassonthepavementofthepoleisanotherdoubtfulpoint.Thelastthingthatneedconsideringisaboutthecollapse.OneofthegifvideoshowstheplaneimpactingthePentagon.Theonlyproblemwiththisvideofootageisthatithasbeenaltered(改变)andcannotbefullytrusted.Thesecrashphotosandvideosshownhereclearlyhavebeendoctored(篡改)anddon'tevenmatchthephysicsofwhathappened.Sowhereistherealvideo?Itleavesmemanyquestions.Isthisamissile?Itisarealenigma.1.Wherecanyoupossiblyreadthisarticle?A.Inanewspaper.B.Inabook.C.Inamagazine.D.Onawebsite.2.Whattheword“yielded”meaninthefirstsentence?A.giveninB.surrenderedC.producedD.givenaway3.Whichofthefollowingdoubtfulpointsisnotmentionedinthepassage?第2页共9页A.thecolorsofthesmokeB.themarkerlineonthegrassC.thestandingpylonsD.themodeloftheplane4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe911investigation?A.Positive.B.Skeptical.C.Neutral.D.NG.BThereisincreasingevidencethattheimpactsofmeteorites(陨星)havehadimportanteffectsonEarth,particularlyinthefieldofbiologicalevolution.SuchimpactscontinuetoposeanaturalhazardtolifeonEarth.Ifanimpactislargeenough,itcandisturbtheenvironmentoftheentireEarthandcauseanecologicalcatastrophe.Thebest-documentedsuchimpacttookplace65millionyearsagoattheendoftheCretaceousperiod(白垩纪期)ofgeologicalhistory.ThisbreakinEarth'shistoryismarkedbyamassextinction,whenasmanyashalfthespeciesontheplanetbecameextinct.Whilethereareadozenormoremassextinctionsinthegeologicalrecord,theCretaceousmassextinctionhasalwaysintriguedpaleontologists(古生物学者)becauseitmarkstheendoftheageofthedinosaurs.Fortensofmillionsofyears,thosegreatcreatureshadflourished.Then,suddenly,theydisappeared.ThebodythatimpactedEarthattheendoftheCretaceousperiodwasameteoritewithamassofmorethanatrilliontonsandadiameterofatleast10kilometers.Scientistsfirstidentifiedthisimpactin1980fromtheworldwidelayerofsediment(沉积物)depositedfromthedustcloudthatenvelopedtheplanetaftertheimpact.Thissedimentlayerisenrichedintheraremetaliridium(铱)andotherelementsthatarerelativelyabundantinameteoritebutveryrareinthecrust(地壳)ofEarth.Evendiluted(稀释)bytheterrestrial(地球的)materialexcavated(挖掘)fromthecrater,thiscomponentofmeteoritesiseasilyidentified.By1990geologistshadlocatedtheimpactsiteitselfintheYucatregionofMexico.Thecrater,nowdeeplyburiedinsediment,wasoriginallyabout200kilometersindiameter.Thisimpactreleasedanenormousamountofenergy,excavatingacraterabouttwiceaslargeasthelunarcraterTycho.Theexplosionliftedabout100trilliontonsofdustintotheatmosphere.Suchaquantityofmaterialwouldhaveblockedthesunlightcompletelyfromreachingthesurface,plungingEarthintoaperiodofcoldanddarknessthatlastedatleastseveralmonths.Theexplosionisalsocalculatedtohaveproducedvastquantitiesofnitricacid(硝酸)andmeltedrockthatsprayedoutovermuchofEarth,startingwidespreadfiresthatmusthaveconsumedmostterrestrialforestsandgrassland.Presumably,thoseenvironmentaldisasterscouldhavebeenresponsibleforthemassextinction,includingthedeathofthedinosaurs.Severalothermassextinctionsinthegeologicalrecordhavebeententativelyidentifiedwithlargeimpacts,butnoneissodramaticastheCretaceousevent.Butevenwithoutsuchspecificdocumentation,itisclearthatimpactsofthissizedooccurandthattheirresultscanbecatastrophic.Whatisacatastropheforonegroupoflivingthings,however,maycreate第3页共9页opportunitiesforanothergroup.Followingeachmassextinction,thereisasuddenevolutionaryburstasnewspeciesdeveloptofilltheecologicalnichesopenedbytheevent.Impactsbymeteoritesrepresentonewaythatcouldcauseglobalcatastrophesandseriouslyinfluencetheevolutionoflifeallovertheplanet.Accordingtosomeestimates,themajorityofallextinctionsofspeciesmaybeduetosuchimpacts.Suchaperspectivefundamentallychangesourviewofbiologicalevolution.Thestandardcriterionforthesurvivalofaspeciesisitssuccessincompetingwithotherspeciesandadaptingtoslowlychangingenvironments.Yetanequallyimportantcriterionistheabilityofaspeciestosurvi