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1页（二）Self－RegulatedLearningToday,peoplechangejobsanaverageofseventimesbeforetheyretire.Manyofthesecareerchangesrequirenewlearningthatmustbeself-initiatedandself-directed.Thus,onegoalofteachingistofreestudentsfromtheneedforteachers,sotheycancontinuetolearnindependentlythroughouttheirlives.Thatis,tomakethemself-regulatedlearners.Self-regulatedlearnershaveacombinationofacademiclearningskillsandself-controlthatmakeslearningeasier.Whatinfluencesself-regulatedlearning?Knowledge,motivationandwill-powercombinetoinfluenceself-regulatedlearning.Firstofall,self-regulatedlearnershaveknowledgeaboutthemselves.Forexample,theyknowtheirpreferredlearningstyles;whattheirinterestsandtalentsare:andhowtotakeadvantageoftheirstrengths.Theseexpertsalsoknowquiteabitaboutthesubjectbeingstudied-andthemoretheyknow,theeasieritistolearnmore.Theyunderstanddifferentlearningtasksrequiredifferentapproaches.Further,theyhavemasteredadequatelearningstrategiesandtactics.Forexample,theyknowhowandwhentoskimandhowandwhentoreadfordeepunderstanding.Self-regulatedlearnersaremotivatedbylearningitself.Theyfindmanytasksinschoolinterestingbecausetheyvaluelearning,notjustperformingwellintheeyesofothers.However,knowledgeandmotivationarenotalwaysenough.Self-regulatedlearnersneedwill-power.Theywon'tgiveupeasily.Theyknowhowtoprotectthemselvesfromdistractions—forexample,whattodowhenattractedtostopworkingandhaveacupofcoffee.Amodelofself-regulatedlearning.PhiWinneandAllysonHadwinputforwarda4-stagemodel.1.Analyzingthelearningtask.Learnersexaminewhateverinformationtheythinkisrelevantinordertoconstructasenseofwhatthetaskisabout,whatresourcesareavailable,andhowtheyfeelabouttheworktobedone.2页2.Settinggoalsanddevisingplans.Whatgoalsforstudyingmightyousetforaquizcoveringonlyonechapterthatcountsjust3%towardyourgrade?Wouldyougoalschangeifthetestcoveredthelastsixchaptersandcounted30%towardyourcoursegrade?Yourgoalinturnaffectstheshapeofyourplansforhowtostudy.Iscramming(突击学习)thebestapproach?Isitabetterplantostudyahalf-houreachday?3.Enactingtacticsandstrategiestoaccomplishthetask.Learnersputtheirtacticsandstrategiesintopracticeandmonitorhowwelltheplanisworking.Areyoureachingyourgoals?Isyourprogressratefastenoughtobepreparedforthetest?4.Regulatinglearning.Learnershavetodecidewhetherchangesareneededinanyofthethreeprecedingstages.Forexample,iflearningisslow：Doyouneedtoreviewsomepriormaterialthatprovidesfoundationsforthecontentyouarenowstudying?Teachingtowardself-regulatedlearning.Todevelopstudents'self-regulatedlearningability,teachersshouldletstudentstakeanactivepartinfinishingcomplexmeaningfultasks;providethemcontrolovertheirlearningprocessesandproducts;involvestudentsinsettingcriteriaforevaluatingtheirlearningprocessesandproducts,thengivethemopportunitiestomakejudgmentsabouttheirprogressusingthosestandards.Title:Self-RegulatedLearningPassageoutlineSupportingdetails(1)____________tothetopic◇Onegoalofteachingistoeducatestudentsto(2)_________onthemselvesforlifelonglearning◇Self-regulatedlearners(3)______academiclearningskillswithself-control3页Factorsthatinfluenceself-regulatedlearning◇Self-regulatedlearnersknowaboutthemselvesandsubjects,understanddifferent(4)______tolearningtasksandmasternecessarystrategiesandtactics◇Self-regulatedlearnershavestrongmotivationtolearn◇Self-regulatedlearnershavegreatwill-powertofocustheir(5)_______onthelearningtasksFourstagesofself-regulatedlearning◇Learnersexamine(6)___________informationtofurtherunderstandthetask,availableresourcesandtheirfeelingaboutthework◇Learnersshould(7)_________yourgoalonthelearningtaskandshapetheirlearningplanaccordingly◇Learnersapplytacticsandstrategiestothetaskandmonitorlearningprocess◇Learnersdecidewhethertomakeany(8)___________inthepreviousthreestages(9)________todevelopstudents'self-regulatedlearningability◇Letstudentsparticipate(10)__________incomplexmeaningfultasks◇Providestudentscontrolovertheirlearningprocessesandproducts◇Involvestudentsinsettingcriteriaandmakejudgments(三)Nowadays,morecompaniesareacceptingworkingfromhomeasapracticalchoice.Ifyou’dliketoworkfromhome,usethefollowingstatementstoconvinceyourbossthatyou’llbejustas,ifnotmore,productiveathomeasyouwillbeintheoffice.4页Firstly,youcannotdistract（使分心）colleagueswhenworkingathome.Arecentsurveyof800jobseekerslookingforwork-fromhomejobsfoundthatthenumberonereasontheywantedawork-from-homejobwastoavoiddistractingtheircolleagues,butnottohavemoretimefortheirfamiliesortosaveoncostslikebusinessclothes,lunchesout,andgas.Whenyouworkathome,youcanremovethismajordistractionanddevoteallyourattentiontoyourwork.Secondly,itcancontrolhowoftenyou’reinterrupted.AstudybytheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvinefoundthatworkersareinterruptedeverythreeminutes,andthatittakesmorethan20minutestogetbacktothetaskafteraninterruption.Halfthetime,we’reself-interrupting(checkingemails,listeningtotalkradio,etc.),buttheotherhalfofthetime,we’reinterruptedbyoutsideforces---loudnoises,colleaguesstoppingbyourdesks,otherpeople’sconversationsintheoffice,etc.Wecancutbackon50%oftheinterruptionbyworkingfromhome.T