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-1-2014江苏省南京市高考英语阅读理解巩固自阅读理解(2013·天津市十二区县联考二，C)Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhoheldthebeliefthattheirselfworthreliedonhowwelltheyperformedattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlifeanddeathaffairs.Intheirsinglemindedpursuitofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualitiesissadlyforgotten.However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers,theystronglyblamecompetition.Amongthe_most_vocalareyoungsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety.Teachingtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenobserveinthemadesiretofail.Theyseemtoseekfailurebynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:“Imayhavelost,butitdoesn'tmatterbecauseIreallydidn'ttry.”Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemselvesisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot.Suchalosswouldbeameasureoftheirworth.Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone'sselfrespectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisbasicandoftentroublesomefearbeginstodissolve(缓解)canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章首先提出论点“现代社会关于竞争有很多争议”，然后详细分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法。16．Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A．Competitionhelpstosetupselfrespect.B．Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.C．Competitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.D．Failuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetition.答案：B主旨大意题。根据文章首句“Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.”可知，现代社会关于竞争有很多争议。下文内容围绕这一点-2-详细分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法，因此这便是文章的中心论点。故B项正确。17．Whydosomepeoplefavorcompetitionaccordingtothepassage?A．Itbuildsupasenseofduty.B．Itpushessocietyforward.C．Itimprovespersonalabilities.D．Itencouragesindividualefforts.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.”可知，有人认为竞争是社会进步和繁荣的动力。故B项正确。18．Theunderlinedphrase“themostvocal”inParagraph3means________.A．thosewhotrytheirbesttowinB．thosewhovaluecompetitionmosthighlyC．thosewhoareagainstcompetitionmoststronglyD．thosewhorelyonothersmostforsuccess答案：C词义猜测题。根据语境可知，有些人渴望成功，而有些人持相反的态度。在只注重赢家而不注意普通人的文化价值观下，他们强烈谴责竞争。其中最直言不讳的就是那些来自父母和社会的竞争压力下挣扎的年轻人。根据“Among”可知，画线词是指上文提到的那些强烈谴责竞争的人。故C项正确。19．Whatisthesimilarbeliefofthetruecompetitorsandthosewitha“desiretofail”？A．One'sworthliesinhisperformancecomparedwithothers'.B．One'ssuccessincompetitionneedsgreatefforts.C．One'sachievementisdeterminedbyhisparticularskills.D．One'ssuccessisbasedonhowhardhehastried.答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三、四句“Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone'sselfrespectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.”可知，A项正确。20．Whichpointofviewmaytheauthoragreeto?A．Everyeffortshouldbepaidback.B．Competitionshouldbeencouraged.C．Winningshouldbealifeanddeathmatter.D．Fearoffailureshouldberemovedincompetition.答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Onlyasthisbasicandoften-3-troublesomefearbeginstodissolve(缓解)canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.”不难看出作者的态度；只有消除竞争中的畏惧心理，我们才能发现竞争的意义。故D项正确。阅读理解解读Upto45rarespeciesofAustraliananimalsareindangerofbecomingextinctwithin20years,scientistswarnedinareport.Buthopeisnotlost!Accordingtothereport,thespeciescanbesavedifimmediateactionistakentocontroltheirnaturalpredators(天敌)andotherthreats.ThethreatenedanimalscanbefoundinthefarawayKimberleyregionofnorthwesternAustralia.TheregionissimilarinsquaremilestoCalifornia.Thirtypercentoftheendangeredspeciesareuniquetotheregion,whileothershavealreadydisappearedinotherpartsofAustralia.Dr.TaraMartin,aresearchscientistsaidinthereport,“AlargeextinctioneventishappeninginAustralia.Thenorthhasreallybeenthelaststronghold(主要栖息地)formanyspeciesofbirdsandmammalsandreptiles.TheKimberleyisreallytheirlastchanceonearth.”Manyofthespeciesareunderthreatbecausetheyarehuntedbywildcats.Thesecatskillaround500000nativeanimalsintheKimberleyregioneveryday.Thespeciesfaceanotherthreat,too.Theirnativehabitatisalsobeingdestroyedbywildfiresandbywilddonkeysandgoatsthatcompeteforfoodandwater.Humansintroducedcats,donkeysandgoatstoAustraliatobefarmanimalsorpets.However,theirpopulationshaveexplodedintheregionbecausetheyhavefewnaturalpredators.Thereportcallsfor$95milliontoimmediatelystartprotectionprograms.Thereportalsosuggestsreducingwilddonkeyandgoatpopulationsintheregion,buildingfences,fightingwildfiresandeducatingthecommunityabouthowtohelptheendangeredspecies.RichardHobbs,anecologistattheUniversityofWesternAustralia,saysthecostsareworthwhilebecausethemeasureswillnotbetoodifficulttocarryout.文章大意：本文是一篇调查报告。在澳大利亚有多达45种稀有动物在接下来的二十年里将会灭绝。报告主要讲述了这些物种所面临的危险并提出了保护它们应该采取的一些措施。13．WhichofthefollowingshouldbedonetoprotecttherarespeciesofAustralian-4-animals?A．Providingnewhabitatfo