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什么是宾语Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。我们知道姚明WeknowYaoMing．我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员Weknow宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。一什么是宾语从句？试比较宾o宾o主s谓vheisafamousbasketballplayer主s谓v宾othat连接词我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员谓v主s有哪些句子可以做宾语？1，陈述句，heisafamousbasketballplayer2,一般疑问句，Willourteachersattendthemeeting？3，特殊疑问句，whichcoatdidyouprefer?一、连词（引导词）1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.e.g.1.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun练一练1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow…2.Shesays…3.Tellyourfriend…（that）一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接IaskDoeshewanttogoswim?hewantstogoswimIf/whetherIask（一）宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序宾语从句必须用________陈述语序Thereisashopnearhere.Isthereashopnearhere?练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?ThereisabanknearhereItisonFifthAvenueTheyaredoinghomework4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?sheworksinahospitalyouwenttoCenterParkwehavetowearauniformwecanwearhatsinschool7.Canwewearhatsinschool?由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用。如：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.If与whether的区别1.Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.2.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.3.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.4.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whether练一练1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Theteacherasks…if/whether我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？特殊疑问句做宾语特殊疑问句做宾语Whichcoatdidyoulikebest?Iwonderwhichcoatyoulikebest.用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？Whichtiedoyoulikebest特殊疑问句变成陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身IwonderIwonderwhichtieyoulikebest?8.Where’syourpenpalfrom?9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?WhereyourpenpalisfromWherehelivesWhatlanguageshespeaksWhyyoulikepandasDoyouknowwhere_____from?(he,come)Canyoutellmewhich_________tothepark?(beway)hecomesIstheway练一练1.Whatisthis?2.Whatareyoudoing?3.Wheredoyoulive?4.Whendoeshegetup?5.Howdidyougotowork?6.Whowillyouplaywith?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…四.宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jim(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgowaswasreadinghiswork.hadfinished确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）ATTENTIONHetoldme(that)SummerafterSpring.isIwastold(that)thesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.isthesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.nonewsgoodnews.Myparentstoldme(that)isⅠ.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?找错误wasiswhose三、宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.→Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail_______________________.(二）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(2)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.→Shedoesn’tknow________________.(三）当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.(四）当直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth结构。eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.whattodonexthowtoworkitout四、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(5)Ido