江苏省苏州市2014高考英语三轮冲刺阅读理解寓乐于练6

-1-江苏省苏州市2014高考英语阅读理解寓乐于练阅读理解(2013·江苏，B)We'veconsideredseveralwaysofpayingtocutinline:hiringlinestanders,buyingticketsfromscalpers(票贩子),orpurchasinglinecuttingprivilegesdirectlyfrom,say,anairlineoranamusementpark.Eachofthesedealsreplacesthemoralsofthequeue(waitingyourturn)withthemoralsofthemarket(payingapriceforfasterservice)．Marketsandqueues—payingandwaiting—aretwodifferentwaysofallocatingthings，andeachisappropriatetodifferentactivities.Themoralsofthequeue,“Firstcome，firstserved，”haveanegalitarian(平等主义的)appeal.Theytellustoignoreprivilege,power,anddeeppockets.Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.IfIputmyhouseupforsale,Ihavenodutytoacceptthefirstofferthatcomesalong,simplybecauseit'sthefirst.Sellingmyhouseandwaitingforabusaredifferentactivities,properlygovernedbydifferentstandards.Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.Thinkoftherecordedmessageyouhear,playedoverandover,asyouwaitonholdwhencallingyourbank：“Yourcallwillbeansweredintheorderinwhichitwasreceived.”Thisisessentialforthemoralsofthequeue.It'sasifthecompanyistryingtoeaseourimpatiencewithfairness.Butdon'ttaketherecordedmessagetooseriously.Today,somepeople'scallsandansweredfasterthanothers.Callcentertechnologyenablescompaniesto“score”incomingcallsandtogivefasterservicetothosethatcomefromrichplaces.Youmightcallthistelephonicqueuejumping.Ofcourse,marketsandqueuesarenottheonlywaysofallocatingthings.Somegoodswedistributebymerit,othersbyneed,stillothersbychance.However,thetendencyofmarketstoreplacequeues,andothernonmarketwaysofallocatinggoodsissocommoninmodernlifethatwescarcelynoticeitanymore.Itisstrikingthatmostofthepaidqueuejumpingschemeswe'veconsidered—atairportsandamusementparks,incallcenters,doctors'offices,andnationalparks—arerecentdevelopments,scarcelyimaginablethreedecadesago.Thedisappearanceofthequeuesintheseplaces-2-mayseemanunusualconcern,butthesearenottheonlyplacesthatmarketshaveentered.文章大意：此篇文章由排队买票还是插队引入话题，谈论了分配东西的一些原则。市场在分配过程中起着它不同寻常的作用。5．Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingseemsgovernedbytheprinciple“Firstcome,firstserved”？A．Takingbuses.B．Buyinghouses.C．Flyingwithanairline.D．Visitingamusementparks.答案：A细节理解题。由第三段第一句话可知乘坐公共汽车遵循先到先服务的原则。6．TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraph4and5illustrates________.A．thenecessityofpatienceinqueuingB．theadvantageofmoderntechnologyC．theuncertaintyofallocationprincipleD．thefairnessoftelephonicservices答案：C推理判断题。文章的第四段第一句话中“itisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.”表明了分配原则的不确定。而第四段和第五段分别表明了这一主题。7．Thepassageismeantto________.A．justifypayingforfasterservicesB．discussthemoralsofallocatingthingsC．analyzethereasonforstandinginlineD．criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumping答案：B主旨大意题。通读全文可知这篇文章旨在讨论分配事物中的标准和原则。阅读理解----ATheweekIturned50,mymarriagecametoasuddenend.Myhouse,furnitureandeverythingI’downedwassoldtopaydebtsthatIdidn't’evenknowIhad.InaweekIhadlostmyhusband,myhomeandmyparentswhohadrefusedtoacceptadivorceinthefamily.I’dlosteverythingexceptmyfourteenagechildren.Iusedevery-3-pennyIhadtobuyfiveplaneticketsfromMissouritoHawaii.EveryonesaidIwascrazytothinkIcouldjustgotoanislandandsurvive.Iwasafraidtheywereright.Knowingthatnooneintheworldwasgoingtohelpus,Irentedacheapapartment.Iworked18hoursadayandlost30poundsbecauseIlivedononemealaday.OnenightasIwalkedaloneonthebeach,Isawtheredorangeglowofthelave(火山岩)pouringoutofKilareaVolcanointhedistance.Itwastimetolivemyimagination!ThenextdayIquitmyjobandinvestedmylastpaycheckinartsuppliesandbegandoingwhatIloved.Ihadn’tpaintedapicturein15years.IwonderedifIcouldstillpaint.MyhandstrembledthefirsttimeIpickedupabrush.Butbeforeanhourhadpassed,Iwaslostinthecolorsspreadingacrossthecanvasinfrontofme.AndassoonasIstartedbelievinginmyself,otherpeoplestartedbelievinginme,too.Thefirstpaintingsoldfor$1,500beforeIevenhadtimetoframeit.Thepastsixyearshavebeenfilledwithadventures.MychildrenandIhavegoneswimmingwithdolphins,watchedwhalesandhikedaroundthevolcano.Wewakeupeverymorningwiththeoceaninfrontofusandthevolcanobehindus.ThedreamIhadmorethan40yearsagoisnowreality.I’mlivingfreelyandhappilyeverafter.1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.thewriterdidn’texpecthermarriagewouldendB.thewriter’sparentswerecontentwithherdivorceC.thewriter’shusbandtookawaymostofherpropertyD.therewassomethingwrongwiththewriter’sjob答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。从第一段的第一句话“TheweekIturned50,mymarriagecametoasuddenend.”可以推断，作者迈入50岁的那一周，婚姻突然解体，这个是她所没有预料到的。故答案为A。从第一段的“Myhouse,furnitureandeverythingI’downedwassoldtopaydebtsthatIdidn't’evenknowIhad…I’dlosteverythingexceptmyfourteenagechildren.”可以推断，作者失去了所有的财产，而不是大部分财产，故C选项错误。又从“InaweekIhadlostmyhusband,myhomeandmyparentswhohadrefusedtoacceptadivorceinthefamily.”可推断，她的父母拒绝接受她的离婚，故选项B错误。D选项未提及。-4-2.ThewriterwenttoHawaiito______.A.freeherselffromtroubleB.spendherholidayC.earnalivingforthefamilyD.realizeherchildhood’sdream答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第二段前两句话“Knowingthatnooneintheworldwasgoingtohelpus,Irentedacheapapartment.Iworked18hoursadayandlost30poundsbecauseIlivedononemealaday.”可知，作者带着四个孩子去夏威夷后，没人帮助，住廉价的公寓，一天工作18个小时，吃一顿饭，故可推断