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1课1.TCMhasahistoryofthousandsofyearsandisasummaryoftheChinesepeople’sexperienceintheirstruggleagainstdiseases.2.TCMhasauniqueandintegratedtheoreticalsystem.3.TCMisasciencethatstudiestherulesoflifeaswellastheoccurrence,progress,preventionandtreatmentofdiseases.4.YellowEmperor’sCanonofMedicinehaslaidasolidfoundationfortheformationoftheoreticalsystemoftraditionalChinesemedicine.5.ClassicofDifficultieshassupplementedwhatwasunaddressedintheYellowEmperor’sCanonofMedicineinmanyrespects,especiallyinpulselore.6.DiscussionontheCausesandSymptomsofVariousDiseasesistheearliestextantmonographonthecausesandsymptomsofdiseasesinChina.7.Yangisusuallyexcessivewhileyinisfrequentlydeficient.8.Internalimpairmentofthespleenandstomachcausesvariousdiseases.9.CompendiumofMateriaMedicaisrecognizedasamonumentalworkinthehistoryofChinesemateriamedicaandagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofpharmacologyintheworld.10.TraditionalChinesemateriamedicaincludesnotonlymedicinalherbs,butalsomineralsandanimalparts.11.IntheJinandYuanDynasties,thereappearedtheso-calledfourgreatmedicalschools.12.ZhangCongzhengbelievedthatalldiseaseswerecausedbyexogenouspathogenicfactorsandadvocatedthatpathogenicfactorsshouldbedrivenoutbymeansofdiaphoresis,emesisandpurgation.13.LiuWansubelievedthat“fire-heat”wasthemaincauseofavarietyofdiseasesandthatthesediseasesshouldshouldbetreatedwithdrugscoldandcoolinnature.14.LiGaoheldthat“internalimpairmentofthespleenandstomachwouldbringaboutdiseases”andemphasizedthatthemostimportantthinginclinicaltreatmentwastowarmandinvigoratethespleenandstomach.15.ZhuDanxibelievedthat“yangisusuallyexcessivewhileyinisfrequentlydeficient”andadvocatedtheremediesofnourishingyinandreducingfireintreatmentofdiseases.16.StudyonWarmDiseaseisaclinicalspecialtyfocusingontheoccurrence,progress,diagnosisandtreatmentofwarmdiseases.17.TheSchoolofWarmDiseasehasdevelopedtherulesoftreatmentofwarmdiseasebasedonsyndromedifferentiationinlightofdefensivephase,qiphase,nutritivephase,bloodphaseandtripleenergizer.18.WangQingreninthelateQingDynastycorrectedmistakesaboutanatomymadeinancientmedicalbooksandadvocatedthetheorythatdiseaseswerecausedbybloodstagnation.19.IntegratedtraditionalChineseandWesternmedicinehaspavedanewwayforthedevelopmentandmodernizationoftraditionalChinesemedicine.20.GreatprogresshasbeenmadeinsystematicandexperimentalstudyofthebasictheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine.2课1.ThetheoreticalsystemofTCMismainlycharacterizedbyholismandtreatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation.2.TCMbelievesthatthehumanbodyisanorganicwhole.3.Theconstituentpartsofthehumanbodyareinterdependentinphysiologyandmutuallyinfluentialinpathology.4.Theholismpermeatesthroughthephysiology,pathology,diagnosis,syndromedifferentiationandtreatmentofdiseases.5.Changesinthenaturalworlddirectlyorindirectlyinfluencethehumanbody.6.Qiandbloodinthehumanbodytendtoflowtotheexteriorinspringandsummerandtotheinteriorinautumnandwinter.7.Theheartopensintothetongueandisinternallyandexternallyrelatedtothesmallintestine.8.TCMhasnoticedthatthefactthatsocialactivitypsychologicallyinfluenceshumanbeings.9.AccordingtoTCM,thebodyandspiritcoexist,interactingwitheachotherandinfluencingeachother.10.Yangqiinthehumanbodytendstoflowtotheexteriorinthedaytimeandtotheinterioratnight.11.Regionaldifferences,tosomeextent,influencesthephysiologicalactivitiesofthehumanbody.12.Syndromeisageneralizationofpathologicalchangesatacertainstageduringthecourseofadisease.13.Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation,oneofthecharacteristicsofTCM,isthebasicprincipleinTCMforunderstandingandtreatingdiseases.14.Syndromeincludesthelocation,causeandnatureofadiseaseaswellasthestateofpathogenicfactorsandhealthyqi.15.Differentiationofsyndromeandtreatmentofdiseasearetwoinseparableaspectsindiagnosingandtreatingdiseases.16.Clinicallydoctorspaygreatattentiontothedifferentiationofdiseases.Buttherapeuticallytheycaremoreaboutthedifferentiationofsyndromesbecausediseasescanbecuredbytreatingsyndromes.17.Syndromecancomprehensivelyandaccuratelyrevealthenatureofadisease.18.Differentdiseasesmaydemonstratethesamesyndromebecauseofthesimilarityinpathogenesis.19.Ifthesyndromeofmiddleqisinkingappearsintwodifferentdiseases,theyallcanbetreatedbythetherapeuticmethodforelevatingmiddleqi.20.ThetreatmentofdiseasesinTCMdoesnotonlysimplyconcentrateonthedifferenceorsimilarityofdiseases,butonthedifference3课1.YinandyangaretwoconceptsinclassicalChinesephilosophy.2.Yinandyangarethesummarizationoftheattributesoftwooppositeaspectsofinterrelatedthingsorphenomenainnature.3.Theformation,developmentandchangesofallthingsintheuniversearetheresultofthemovementofyinandyangthatopposetoeachotherandunitewitheachother.4.Thecelestialqipertainstoyangbecauseitislightandlucid,whiletheterrestrialqipertainstoyinbecauseitisheavyandturbid.5.Thecourseofmutualrestraintandinhibitionbetweenyinandyangsignifiestheirprogressinmutualreductionandpromotion.6.Yincannotexistalonewithoutyangandviceversa.7.Separationofyinandyangresultsinexhaustionofessence.8.Onlythroughconstantreduction,growthandbalancecanthenormaldevelo