学术英语(人文)Unit-1

学术英语人文AcademicEnglishforHumanitiesUnit1TheArtofLiterature•Lead-in•TextA•TextB•TextC•AcademicLanguageandDiscourse•Listening•Speaking•WritingUnitContents•Lead-in–Lead-inactivities–SupplementaryinformationUnit1TheArtofLiteratureWhatisliterature?Choosefromthefollowingformsofwritingwhatcanbecountedasliterature:□newsreport□novel□researchpaper□diary□poem□letterLead-inActivitiesUnit1TheArtofLiteratureHowdoyoumakethechoice?(Whatmakesyoutreatsomethingasliteraturewhiledismissingothersasnon-literature?)Whatisliterature?Manycollegeprofessors,upholdingatraditionalstandardofliteraryquality,believethatstudentsshouldreadworkswhoseartisticmerithasbeenestablishedovertheyears.However,somehavebeguntoquestiontheverynotionofliteraryqualityandthenotionofwhatisliterature.Therehavebeenanincreasingnumberofstudiesofwritersmainlyforwhattheyhavetosayratherthanhowwelltheysayit.Unit1TheArtofLiteratureLead-inSupplementaryinformationThehistoricalandsocialimpactofworksisgainingimportance,whiletheonce-honoredstandardssuchasgraceofstyleandoriginalityofexpressionhavebeendowngraded.Literatureasdefinedindictionariesstories,poemsandplays,especiallythosethatareconsideredtohavevalueasartandnotjustentertainment(MacMillanDictionary)writingsinproseorverse;especiallywritingshavingexcellenceofformorexpressionandexpressingideasofpermanentoruniversalinterest(Merriam-Webster'sOnlineDictionary,11thEdition)Unit1TheArtofLiteratureLead-inSupplementaryinformationLiteratureasdefinedindictionariesUnit1TheArtofLiteratureLead-inSupplementaryinformationwrittenartisticworks,especiallythosewithahighandlastingartisticvalue(CambridgeAdvancedLearner'sDictionary)writtenworks,especiallythoseconsideredofsuperiororlastingartisticmerit(CompactOxfordEnglishDictionary)Unit1TheArtofLiterature•TextATheScopeandContentofLiterature–Classroomactivities–Supplementaryinformation–SuggestedanswerkeyTheScopeandContentofLiteratureDoTask1CriticalReadingandThinkingP7SummarizeTextAonthebasisofyouranswerstoTask1CriticalReadingandThinkingP7ScopeofliteratureContentofliteratureWorkinpairstocompareyouranswerstothequestionsinTask2CriticalReadingandThinkingP8Unit1TheArtofLiteratureTextAClassroomactivitiesTheScopeandContentofLiteratureTheoriginalarticle“TheArtofLiterature”Unit1TheArtofLiteratureTextASupplementaryinformationTextAisadaptedfromthearticle“TheArtofLiterature”,writtenbyKennethRexroth.Theoriginalarticleconsistsofsevenparts:1.thescopeofliterature2.literarycomposition3.contentofliterature4.literatureanditsaudience5.literatureanditsenvironment6.literarygenres7.writingsonliteratureTheScopeandContentofLiteratureTheMusesInGreekmythology,poetryandliterature,Musesarethegoddesseswhoinspirethecreationofliteratureandthearts.Unit1TheArtofLiteratureTextASupplementaryinformationCalliope:Museofheroicorepicpoetry(oftenholdingastylusandwaxtablets)Clio:Museofhistory(oftenholdingaparchmentscrollorasetoftablets)Erato:Museoflyricandlovepoetry(oftenplayingalyre)Euterpe:Museofmusicorflutes(oftenplayingaflute)Melpomene:Museoftragedy(oftenholdingatragicmask)Polymnia:Museofsacredsongandoratory(oftenwithapensivelook)Terpsichore:Museofdancingandchoralsong(oftendancingandholdingalyre)Thalia:Museofcomedy(oftenholdingacomicmask)Urania:Museofastronomy(oftenholdingaglobe)TheScopeandContentofLiteratureClassicsurveysofhistoryasnobleexamplesoftheartofliteratureUnit1TheArtofLiteratureTextASupplementaryinformationTheHistoryofthePeloponnesianWarwaswrittenbyancientGreekhistorianThucydides,who,asanAtheniangeneral,servedinthewar.Somescholarsviewtheworkasanobjectiveandscientificaccountofthepast,writtenfromapurelyintellectualpointofview.Butsomeunderstanditasapieceofliterature,inwhichtheauthoris“anartistwhorespondsto,selectsandskillfullyarrangeshismaterial,anddevelopsitssymbolicandemotionalpotential”.Oneexample:HistoryofthePeloponnesianWarTheScopeandContentofLiteratureEssaysUnit1TheArtofLiteratureTextASupplementaryinformationananalytic,interpretative,orcriticalliterarycompositionFrancisBacon’sessays,publishedinbookformin1597,1612,1625,werethefirstworksinEnglishthatdescribedthemselvesasessays.TheScopeandContentofLiteratureDialoguesbyPlatoUnit1TheArtofLiteratureTextASupplementaryinformationPlato(428/427BC–348/347BC),thegreatestphilosopherandmathematicianofancientGreece,wroteextensively.Mostofhiswritingtakestheformofdialogues,inwhichseveralcharactersargueatopicbyaskingquestionsofeachother.ThisformallowsPlatotoraisevariouspointsofviewandletthereaderdecidewhichisvalid.Thesubjectsofdialoguesrangefromphilosophy,logic,rhetorictomathematics.TheScopeandContentofLiteratureDialoguesbyPlatoUnit1TheArtofLiteratureTextASupplementaryinformationPlatowasapupilofSocrates,whoappearsasacharacterinmanyofthedialogues.FollowingthedeathofSocrates,Platotravelledwidelyinsearchoflearning.AftertwelveyearshereturnedtoAthensandfoundedhisAcademy,whichisoftendescribedasthefirstEuropeanuniversity.ThesubjectsofferedintheAcademyincludedastronomy,biology,mathematics,politicaltheory,andphilosophy.AmongPlato'spupilswasAristotle.TheScopeandContentofLiteratureMe