··魏筱红 魏泽义 【】R12 【】A 【】1006-2483(2007)04-0044-03 ,,,2005,,,〔1〕。,7~30,50,。,。(IARC);(NTP)。1 ⅡB,,112.41,8.642g/cm3,,。321.03℃,765℃。2,,,。,、,,。106Cd、108Cd、110-114Cd116Cd。,。:,,,,,,,,,,。、,。,、,,。。,。48mg/kg,59%42%〔2〕。,。。,。2 、、、、。,、、。2.1 ,。Nordberg2:430012 ();():(1965-),,,1〔3〕。199873436(CdB)、(CdU)、(BMD)———(RBP)。,1g/L:RBPlogCdB(P=0.076)(P0.02)(R=0.094),logCdB(P0.07)BMI(P0.022)(R=0.091)。CdtJ,RBPlogCdU(P0.01)(P0.017)(R2=0.125),10gCdU(P0.09)BMI(P0.016)(R=0.101)。CdBCdtJ(P0.001)-,BMIRBPCdBCdU。RBP(0.3mg/gcr,cr)-,CdBCdlj,-(P0.001),CdBCdtJ。,(、),--。2.2 。2060,。,,。,(10)-。,(P0.05),,,(P0.001)、(P0.05)(P0.05)。2.3 。1980,Scott〔4〕。,()〔5〕。Hill,3μg/gcr,·44·2007184 JofPubHealthandPrevMed 2007,Vol.18,No.4〔6〕。(),。,1000mg/d。535~4521,24km521。,950mg/d,、,。,,14,67%,3,14%。5.10μg/gcr,(-73.08mg/d),(P=0.00159)。2.4 ,。,;,;,。,,、。。3~6,。,cAMP〔7〕。。,。150,、、〔8〕。6,1,(χ2=35.7,P0.001),23.75‰,3.16‰〔9〕。2.5 ,,。Kagainimori52()104、(),PR,〔10〕。,,,,,。,〔11〕。2.6 ,、5-、,。,,,。,,,〔12〕。2.7 、、、。。,,P4501Al。CYPlAl(AHH),。DNADNA。(CdCl。),DNA〔13〕。1987(IARC)IIA,、。2.8 ,、、。2.8.1 。SOD,TT,L3T4+L3T4+/Lyt2+,Lyt2+。+a-11CRF(a)SD,T、B,-(P0.05);CRF(P0.05)〔14〕。14d,0.3mg/kgIgMPFC,42.1%〔15〕。,12.51μmol/L48h,25μmol/L72h,38.3%77.8%。Kartelan25μmol/L72h,CotlA40%〔16〕。2.8.2 。。。100μmol/L,,-。,。,2×10-6〔17〕。5.0μmol/L10μmol/L,a(TNF-a)—(NO),E2(PGE2)〔18〕。FNF-aNO,TNF-a·45·2007184 JofPubHealthandPrevMed 2007,Vol.18,No.4MHC-Ⅰ、Ⅱ,,IL-1、IL-6、IL-8GM.CSF(、),。,TNF-a,。PGE2,,PGE2。2.8.3 KNK。(K)(NK),-。Daniels6.25mg/kg,NK。MCMV,NKIFNNK〔19〕。3 ,,,,“”,,。,,,pH;,,。、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、,,。,、、、、、C,。,、,。【】〔1〕 .〔M〕.:,2005:850-885.〔2〕 .〔M〕.:.1996:223-226.〔3〕 DiGiulRR,ScanlonPF.Effectsofcadmiumingestionandfoodre-strictiononenergymetabolismandtissuemetalconcentrationsinmallardducks〔J〕.EnvironRes,1985,37:433-444.〔4〕 HerzigI,HamplJ,DocekalovaH,eta1.Theeffectofsodiumhumi-nateoncadmiumdepositionintheorgansofchickens〔J〕.VetMed,1994,39:175-185.〔5〕 ,,.〔J〕.,1987,7(3):1519.〔6〕 HillCH.InfluenceoftimeofexposuretohighlevelsofmineralsonthesusceptibilityofchickstoSalmonellagallinarum〔J〕.JNu-tr,1980.110:433-436.〔7〕 JengSL,YangCP.Determinationofleadcadmium,mercury,andcopperconcentrationsinduckeggsinTaiwan〔J〕.PoultSci,1995,74:187-193.〔8〕 NordbergG,JinT,BernardA,etal.LowbonedensityandrenaldysfunctionfollowingenvironmentalcadmiumexposureinChina〔J〕.Ambio,2002,31:478-481.〔9〕 ,,,.〔J〕.,2003,19(1):29-30.〔10〕 KagamimoriS,WatanabeVI,NakagawaH,eta1.Caseconlxolstudyoncardiovascularfunctioninfemaleswithahistoryofheavyexposuretocadmium〔J〕.BullEnvironContainToxicol,1986,36:484-490.〔11〕 JinT,NordbergVI,FrechW,eta1.CadmiumbiomonitoringandrenaldysfunctionamongpopulationenvironmentallyexposedtocadmiumfromsmeltinginChina〔J〕.Biometals,2002,15:397-410.〔12〕 WuX,JinT,WangZ,eta1.Urinarycalciumasbiomarkerofre-naldysfunctioninageneralpopulationexposedtoCadmium〔J〕.JOccupEnvironVied,2001,43:898-904.〔13〕 ZengX,Jinr,ZhouY,eta1.Changesof8erlmSexhormonelev-elSandMrmRNAexpressioninmtSorallYexposedtocadmium〔J〕.Toxicology,2003,186:109-118.〔14〕 ,.〔J〕.,1993,4:209-210.〔15〕 .〔J〕.,1994,6(2):48-52.〔16〕 Kartelan.CadmiuminduceddecrementoftheLHleeeptorexpres-sionandcAMPlevelsinthetestisofrats〔J〕.Toxicology,2003,183:57-63.〔17〕 .〔J〕.,2003,22(2):71-176.〔18〕 ,.〔J〕.,1999,16(3):182-186.〔19〕 DanielsB,HessPetalAnoveltypeofcardiaccalciumchannelinventricularcells〔J〕.Nature,1995,316:443-446.(:2007-05-08)(:)·46·2007184 JofPubHealthandPrevMed 2007,Vol.18,No.4