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Unit1Manhasabloodtiewithnatureandnobodycanliveoutsidenature.Natureprovidesuswitheverythingweneed:theairwebreathe,thewaterwedrink,andthefoodweeat.Forquitealongtimeaftermanbegantoliveinther____________(1)ofnature,helivedinfearofitsdestructiveforces.Heusedtoregardnaturewithitse____________(2)forcesassomethinghostiletohim.Andeventheforestwassomethingwildandfrighteningtohim.Veryoften,hewasunabletoo____________(3)themerestdailynecessitiesthoughheworkedtogetherwithotherss____________(4)andcollectivelywithhisimperfecttools.Throughhisinteractionwithnature,manchangeditgradually.Hecutdownforest,cultivatedland,t____________(5)variousspeciesofplantsandanimalstodifferentclimaticconditions,changedtheshapeandclimateofhisenvironmentandt____________(6)plantsandanimals.Hes____________(7)anddisciplinedelectricityandcompelledittoservetheinterestsofsociety.Nonetheless,withtheconstante____________(8)ofagricultureandindustry,manhasrobbednaturetoomuchofitsi____________(9)resources,pollutedhisownlivingenvironmentandcausedabout95%ofthespeciesthathaveexistedoverthepast600millionyearstobecomee____________(10)andstillmanyotherstobeendangered.Thepreviousd(11)balancebetweenmanandnatureisonthev____________(12)ofbreakingdown.Manisnowfacedwiththeproblemofhowtostop,oratleasttom____________(13)thedestructiveeffectoftechnologyonnature.Thecrisisofthee____________(14)situationhasbecomeaglobalproblem.Thesolutiontotheproblemdependsonr____________(15)andwiseorganizationbothofproductionitselfandcareforMotherNature.Thiscanonlybedonebyallhumanity,ratherthanbyindividuals,enterprisesorseparatecountries.1realm2elemental3obtain4stubbornly5transferred6transformed7subdued8expansion9irreplaceable10extinct11dynamic12verge13moderate14ecological15rationalUnit2Technologyisahotissuenowadays.Thedefendersoftechnologystressitsadvantageswhiletheopponentse____________(1)itsdisadvantages.Neithersidehasevertakenthetimetolookattheo____________(2)pointofview.Thedefendersoftechnologyholdthatwithtechnology,people'slivingconditionshavebeengreatlyi____________(3).Forexample,theboominproductivityhasmadegoodsbetterandcheaper.Therefore,thingsthatwereoncel____________(4),suchasjettravelandlong-distancephonecalls,havebecomenecessities.Medicaltechnology,inparticular,hasb____________(5)usalot,especiallyinprolonginglifeexpectancy.Ontheotherhand,theopponentsoftechnologyarguethattechnologymakeslifeo____________(6)worse.Telemarketing,trafficjams,andidentitytheftareallphenomenathatmakepeoplec____________(7)unhappy.Inaddition,manypeoplebelievetechnologydisruptsrelationshipsandf____________(8)community.EversincetheIndustrialRevolution,therelationshipbetweenhappinessandtechnologyhasbeenane____________(9)subjectforsocialcriticsandphilosophers,thougheconomistsandsocialscientistshaveseldomtouchedonthetopic.However,in1974theeconomistRichardEasterlindidg____________(10)workontherelationshipbetweenprosperityandwell-being.Inhisfamouspapere____________(11)DoesEconomicGrowthImprovetheHumanLot?,Easterlinshowedthattherewasnorealc____________(12)betweenanation'sincomelevelanditscitizens'happinessinthedevelopedcountries.Infact,technologyisneithergoodnorbad.Itd____________(13)onwhatwewanttodowithit.Therefore,theresponsibilitybelongse____________(14)tohumanswhohavetoacquireasocialconscience,torespecthumanbeings,natureanditsbalances.1emphasize2opposite3improved4luxuries5benefited6obviously7consciously8fractures9eternal10groundbreaking11entitled12correlation13depends14exclusivelyUnit3AccordingtoCraigRussell,whenwemakeaninitialeffortinourpersonalquestsforknowledge,wemaynotevenknowthatacertainfieldoflearningexists.But,afterwehavedonesomereading,wewillgettoknowmoreaboutthet____________(1).Atthesametime,wemayfeelthatallthereadingc____________(2)morequestionsratherthananswersthem.Wethenrealizehowlittlewer____________(3)knowandhowmuchmoreweneedtoreadandthinkandwrite.Russellsuggeststhatwewriteafterreadingeachtime.Hisexperiencetellshimthatitishiswritingthathasledhimtoacquireabetterg____________(4)ofthetopichestudies.Peoplemaythinkthatonlythosewhoknowandwhoares____________(5)ofthemselveswrite.ForRussell,however,it'sjusttheo____________(6),forwritingdoesn'tclosethingsoff–itopensthingsup.Tosaythatthemoreweknow,themoreweknowwedon'tknowseemsc____________(7).AccordingtoRussell,modernphysicstellsusthatr____________(8)itselfiscontradictory.Themorecloselyscientistslookintoourp____________(9)reality,themoreitslipsawayfromthem.Inaway,themoretheylearn,thelesstheyknow.CraigRussellbelievesthataproperunderstandingwillinevitablyleadusawayfromtheforceandr____________(10)ofdogmatismandtowardtheflexibilityandfreedomofthei____________(11).Therefore,wemusttemperourprideinknowingwiththeh____________(12)ofnotknowing.Thetruthalwaysexiststhere,but,itislikether____________(13)becausewecanneverreallygraspit,neverholditinourhandsandtrulyknowit.Wecanonly,asWilliamJamessaid,livetodaybywhattruthwecangettodayandbereadytocallitf____________(14)tomorrow.1topic2creates3really4grasp5sure6opposite7contradictory8reality9physical10rigidity11individual12h