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20099INSURANCESTUDIESNo.92009494(,100081)[]()8494,,,,,[];;[]F840.66[]A[]1004-3306(2009)09-0089-07,,,1980,20042009,1,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,?,?,,:,,?,,?,[]200808JJD790122[],,98,,2008422,,,,,(1978),,,,(GAO,1989),,(),(),(BarryKeith,1999),,,,,,19871993,10704044,8%,29%(Hoffman,1994),,,(),,,,,(),(SkeesReed,1986),Halcrow(1949),Barnaby(1989),,,,,,,,MillerTrock(1979),,,,(JalanRavallion,1998),Catharine,JamesClair(1982)Texas,,,Cordon,Jeffery,BarnabyBlack(1991)Kasas,,,Jeffery,Gordon,BarnabyJayson(1993)Kasa,,(MPCI),,600/,400/,,(600/),200/,700/,,(),(2008),,,GeneralAccountingOffice,09,,?,,(),,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,2007,,18494():,Cordon,Jeffery,BarnabyBlack(1991),,,:U=(V3-V)/V3(1),V3,VV3=(GR3F-GR’F)/GR’F(2)V=(GRF-GR’F)/GR’F(3)GR3F,GR’F,GRF,,(4)(5)(6)GRF=PYF-CIP+INDEM1(4)GRF=PYF-CIP+INDEM2(5)GRF=PYF-CIP+RLC+RLP(6)(4),,,P(/),YF(/),CIP,INDEM1,INDEM1=max{0,IP[(HYFLC)-YF]}(/),IP(/),HYF,LC=1-,LC1(5):INDEM2=max{0,IP[(HYALC)-,,,,0,,05019YA]},HYA,YA(6),RLC,RLp()120078,2345620062007,,,,,37.69%,,28.52%,,30.53%,,1(%)54439.2601222-60.0340571.25300600-44.3353887.312001476-37.0776994.013512600-19.89201140.0010001200-17.3971895.3101800-38.2850398.970800-62.55541016.017461125-19.82418790.2502600-37.690620919.483922000-26.45281007.2601500-32.5510961.339331027-30.002645.37550741-45.8360958.2802000-30.530610246.67133300-41.00061383.3313001450-7.77816672.921331450-28.54()2,1(),24,29,,57,810,,1181%5%,28%,1876%10%,45%,9.61%,1.10%,68.50%,,,851571%5%6%10%,45,,,418,359,86%,59,1%5%24186016-20-16-15-11-10-6191-5026359647214151188542171710532610187157152823387111156059299241620233035121251219326305133135893640341451465051555660616526670(%)9.617.900.658.557.070.937.735.160.68(%)1.10-8.200.001.05-6.310.002.98-1.750.00(%)68.5033.4011.3022.5718.168.9419.7212.389.01:a(1),,5%b,,60,171%5%,286%10%,3975%,608.55%171%5%,236%10%,67%,607.07%,13,0.93%16,51%5%,86%10%,81%167.73%31%5%,76%10%,63%,165.16%,3,0.68%,,,,,,,,,,,,,20809.35,1.35%90,18,1.8%,,,,,,,,494,:(a);(b),,Barnaby(1989),,,,,,:,,,[][1]Barnaby,G.A.,Jr.May1989.ADollarLiabilityCropInsurancePolicyCombinedwithaCountyAverageLossAdjustment.Work.Pap.preparedfortheFederalCropInsuranceCommission.[2]BarryJ.Barnett.KeithH.Coble.February1999.UnderstandingCropInsurancePrinciples:APrimerforFarmLeaders.AgriculturalEconomicsResearchReportNo.209.[3]CatharineM.Lemieux,JamesW.RichardsonandClairJ.Nixon.December1982.FederalCropInsurancevs.ASCSDisasterAssistanceforTexasHighPlainsCottonProducers:AnApplicationofWhole2FarmSimula2tion.WesternJournalofAgriculturalEconomics.P:141-153.49[4]GordonL.Carriker,JefferyR.Williams,G.ArtBarnaby,Jr.,andJ.RoyBlack.December1991,YieldandIncomeRiskReductionunderAlternativeCropInsuranceandDisasterAssistanceDesigns.WesternJournalofAgriculturalEconomics.P:238-250.[5]GeneralAccountingOffice.September1989.DisasterAssistance:CropInsuranceCanProvideAssistanceMoreEffectivelyThanOtherPrograms.GAO/RCED289-211.GaithersburgMD.[6]Halcrow,H.G.August1949.ActuarialStructuresforCropInsurance.JournalofFarmEconomics.31:418-43.[7]Hoffman,W.,C.Campbell,andK.Cook.July1994.SowingDisaster:TheImplicationsofFarmDisasterPro2gramsForTaxpayersandtheEnvironment.Washington,D.C.:EnvironmentalWorkingGroup.[8]JefferyR.Williams,GordonL.Carriker,G.ArtBarnaby,andJaysonK.Harper.May1993.CropInsuranceandDisasterAssistanceDesignsforWheatandGrainSorghum.Americanjournalofagriculturaleconomics.75:435-477.[9]Miller,ThomasA.andWarrenL.Trock.Feb.1979.DisasterAssistancetoFarmers2Needs,Issues,andPro2grams.CooperativeExtensionService,ColoradoStateUniversity,GreatPlainsAgriculturalCouncilPublica2tionNo.88.[10]SkeesJ.R.,andM.R.Reed.1986.RateMakingforFarm2LevelCropInsurance:ImplicationsforAdverseSelection.Americanjournalofagriculturaleconomics.68:653-59.Abstract:Inthispaperweillustratedtheefficiencyoftwotypesofinsuranceproducts(individualagriculturalin2suranceandgroupagriculturalinsuranceforacertaindistrict)andthedisasterreliefplanontheireffectsatreducingfarmersincomefluctuation.Afterinvestigatingtheagriculturalinsurancestatisticsanddisasterreliefrecordsof494farmersfrom8citiesattheprefecturallevelofJilinProvince,andexaminedtheeffectofthreeriskmanagementtoolsinreducingfarmersincomefluctuations,wedrewtheconclusionthatindividualagriculturalinsurancewasmoreef2ficienttoreducetheriskoflowerincomethananyothertypeofinsuranceorcatastropherelief,thoughindividualag2riculturalinsurancewasmorecomplicatedinproductdesignandmightincurmoralhazardsandadverseselection.Keywords:individualagriculturalinsurance;groupagriculturalinsuranceforadistrict;disasterrelief[:]59