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,,(,100083):,.,,.,(K-),,.:;;;;:F270:A:1007-9807(2004)05-0049-070,[1],.,[2,3],[46].(benchmarking),,,,.[7],.,,;,,.,..,,,.[46],,,..,,,;,,.[8],,,.,Steward[4]();Gilmour[5];[8].,75200410JOURNALOFMANAGEMENTSCIENCESINCHINAVol.7No.5Oct.2004:2003-05-15;:2004-02-23.:(70371004);(2000000601).:(1979),,,.,,.,SCOR,.,,,.,,,,.,,,.11.1.,,.,:1)PRTMSCOR[9].2),(null).,.,.3).,,.,,.4)().1).2).3).2)4).1.1Fig.1Realizationprocessofbenchmarkselection1.2.,[10].PRTMSCOR(supplychainoperationsreference)[9]:(),,,,,,,,.,,.,170.,05200410,SCOR(BPR)(bestpracticesanalysis)SCM,1),[11],.1.3,.SCOR,,,.,,.,;.m,mnX.,m,n.X,0,1.x3ij=xij-xjVr(xj)i=1,2,,m;j=1,2,,nVr(xj)=1m-1mi=1(xij-xj)2xj=1mmi=1xijj=1,2,,nmnX3,Y,.2.,(density-basedclusteringmethod)[12]K-[12],.2.1,K-.K-(K)[13]3).K-N.:,,.K-,.,,.:ijD(ij)iT.,DT,,.,(2),(3),(4).2,,.2Fig.2Referenceofhierarchyofsupplychainsclusterbounddivision155:2.2,K-,.1pi.d0,x(i),d0n,d(x(i),x(j))x(i)x(j).d(x(i),x(j))=nl=1(x(i)l-x(j)l)2d(x(i),x(j))d0,x(j).x(i)pi.:pi,x(i).2D0,T0,.pi.S,ksiS,i=1,2,,k,jx(j),d(si-x(j))pj.,d(si,x(j))=nl=1(sil-x(j)l)2.d(six(j))D,i=1,2,,k,pjT,x(j)S,.,..3.K,C(i),i=1,2,,K.N-K,d(si-x(j)),(i=1,2,,K,j=1,2,,N-K).d(sk-x(j))=mini(d(si-x(j))),x(j)C(k),.,.3,,,.3.1,,.:(),,,;(),,,,,.,,(),.I,().3.2(),,.(),(,).,.,DT,,.TD,(2.1),.,.3.3..,,.,,.,25200410,,,.4.,K-,,.O(nlogn)[13],.,(),,(),..K-,.,[13],.,[14].,K-OPTICS(orderingpointstoidentifytheclusteringstructure)[12].K-,OPTICS,.5,,[15]Matlab5.3.,,,,.24,.[15]28,11.m=28,n=11,X2811.XmnY.T=5,D=2.35,K-,,1.1T=5,D=2.35Table1ClassificationofT=5,D=2.35136812131415161718192023242457212225262728312491011,134111,.,.,,Y,2.2Table2Comparisonofmeanandvarianceoffocalpoint1234No.13No.4No.1No.110.151771-0.716141.038181.3948210.113660.0874440.5699561.069955355:,12(0.1),12,,;34(0.5,41),34,,,.1,4,I{13,4,1},.,Y,3.3Table3Characteristiccomparisonofcandidatebenchmark12345678910111130.5038680.3503370.167482-0.303662-0.3356650.4959080.153862-0.3436880.1268340.5038680.35033724-0.814993-0.85774-0.943487-0.70599-0.131252-1.01922-0.853766-0.719067-0.159272-0.814993-0.85774310.4235231.338411.594030.742852.765310.4717530.9558511.317520.0488050.4235231.338411341.3188611.2080771.1109690.402328-0.204411.5151281.0076280.3753790.2861061.3188611.2080771310.080345-0.98807-1.42655-1.04651-3.100980.024155-0.80199-1.661210.0780290.080345-0.98807,(),.1(13),23,2,11691023,123.,23.,I,.16910,,,1.,T=5,D=1.9,8,4.4T=5,D=1.9Table4ClassificationofT=5,D=1.91361213141516171819202424572728382225423521266172981011,,.114,2235..,,(2).6,.,,(K-),,.:;,;,.,,.45200410:[1].[J].,2003,6(2):8188LIULi-wen.SurveyonevolutionofSCMtheoryandmethods[J].JournalofManagementSciencesinChina,2003,6(2):8188.(inChinese)[2]BeamonBM.Measuringsupplychainperformance[J].InternationalJournalofOperationsandProductionManagement,1999,19(3):275292.[3]PerssonFredrik,OlhagerJan.Performancesimulationofsupplychaindesigns[J].InternationalJournalofProductionEconomics,2002,77:231245.[4]StewardGordon.Supplychainperformancebenchmarkingstudyrevealskeystosupplychainperformance[J].LogisticsInformationManagement,1995,8(2):3844.[5]GilmourPeter.Benchmarkingsupplychainoperations[J].InternationalJournalofPhysicalDistribution&LogisticsManagement,1999,5(4):259266.[6]RossAnthony,DrogeCornelia.AnintegratedbenchmarkingapproachtodistributioncenterperformanceusingDEAmodeling[J].JournalofOperationsManagement,2002,20:1932.[7],,.[J].,2002,30(4):495499.HUOJia-zhen,SUIMing-gang,LIUZhong-ying.Constructionofintegratedsupplychainperformancemeasurementsystem[J].JournalofTongjiUniversity,2002,30(4):495499.(inChinese)[8]J.[M].:,1999.HughesJ.SupplyChainRe-engineering[M].Shenyang:DongbeiUniversityofFinance&EconomicsPress,1999.[9]Supply-ChainCouncil.Supply-ChainOperationsReference-Model.Version5.0[Z].Pittsburgh,PA:2001.[10],,.[M].:,2001.MAShi-hua,LINYong,ChenZhi-xiang.SupplyChainManagement[M].Beijing:MechanicsPress,2001.(inChinese)[11]BauseF,FischerM,KemperP,etal.PerformanceandCostAnalysisofSupplyChainModels[ED/OL]..[12]HanJiang-wei,KamberMicheline.DataMining:Concepts&Techniques[M].SanFrancisco:MorganKaufmannPublishers,2001.[13],.:[M].:,1989.WANGBi-quan,CHENZu-yin.PatternRecognition:Theory,MethodandApplication[M].Beijing:EarthquakePress,1989.(inChinese)[14],,.[J].,2001,4(4):4148.CHENGYan,LUTao,HUANGTi-yun.Researchonmethodsofminingquantitativeassociationrulesindatabase[J].JournalofManagementSciencesinChina,2001,4(4):4148.(inChinese)[15].[M].:,1998.HEXiao-quan.ModernStatisticalAnalysisandApplication[M].Beijing:ChinaRenminUniversityPress,1998.BenchmarkselectionforsupplychainassessmentbasedonclusteringminingtechnologyCHUYing,LIULu,ZHANGWeiSchoolofEconomicsandManagement,BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,Beijing100083,ChinaAbstract:Benchmarking,whichisoneofthemethodsforsupplychainassessment,hasimportantapplicationvalue,(66)555:ComparisonofVaRbasedonGARCHandSVmodelsYUSu2hong,ZHANGShi2ying,SONGJunSchoolofManagement,TianjinUniversity,Tianjin300072,ChinaAbstrct:ThispaperreviewstheconceptandthecalculatingmethodofValueatRisk(VaR)andpointsouttheim2portanceofpredictingth