抽象定语先行词

在2007年18套高考英语试卷中，共有14道小题涉及定语从句考点。有趣的是，在这14道题中，有多达5道的考题是考查关系副词where的用法，它们是：1.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm___D___weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where2.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoaday-carecenter,___D___theylearnsimplegamesngs.A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where3.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity___D___sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where4.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases___D___beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where5.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer___D___shehadtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where以上5道题的答案分别是DDDDD，其中前面两道比较容易，因为它们符合“where引导的定语从句用于修饰表示地点的名词”这一基本用法。但是，后面3道题则有所不同，因为它们修饰的名词不是具体的地点名词，而是一个抽象名词，即分别是activity,case,point。由于一般的语法书对这一问题很少涉及，所以许多考生对这类考题比较生疏。为帮助同学们熟悉这一语言现象，正确掌握这一知识点，本文拟对when定语从句修饰抽象名词的用法作一归纳。一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词pointYoureachapointwheremedicinecan’thelp.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。Thecrisishasreachedapointwherethereceiverwillhavetobecalledin.危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.我们到了必须改一改的地步。注：有时point也可以是具体的地点：LetthepointwhereABcutsCDbecalledE.设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。TheaccidenthappenedatthepointwheretheA15joinstheM1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词caseTherearecaseswheretheword“mighty”isusedasanadverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activityThosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situationHegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。Ifyourisksomethingimportant,youcauseittobeinadangeroussituationwhereyoumightloseit.你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词positionIt’sputmeinapositionwhereIcan’taffordtotakethejob.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词jobShewantsajobwherehermanagementskillscanbeputtogooduse.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。Idon’twantajobwhereI’mchainedtoadeskallday.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。【小练一下】01.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint___A___bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which02.Shehadgottothepoint___C___shefeltthatshecouldnottakeanymore.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which03.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint___B___hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that04.Itwassoconfusingthateventuallyitgottothepoint___D___nooneknewwhatwasgoingon.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.where05.Idon’twantajob___B___I’mchainedtoadeskforeighthoursaday.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.when06.Drink-drivingisonecase___D___severepunishmentseemstoworkasadeterrent.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where【参考答案】01—06ACBDBD