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Lesson8ThreadedFasteners《机械工程专业英语教程》2019/12/301•Terminology•Texttour•Terminology•Stud双头螺柱•Pitch•Distancemeasuredparalleltotheaxisfromthepointononethreadtothecorrespondingpointontheadjacentthread•螺距：螺纹上两个相邻的对应的点之间的轴向距离《机械工程专业英语教程》22019/12/30•Washer•Aflatdisk,asofmetal,plastic,rubber,orleather,placedbeneathanutorajointtorelievefriction,preventleakage,ordistributepressure.•垫圈：用金属、塑料、橡胶或皮革等制的平的圆盘状物，放于螺帽下或连接处以减少摩擦，防止渗漏或均衡压力。Washer垫圈Springwasher弹簧垫圈《机械工程专业英语教程》32019/12/30•ASTM•1.AmericanSocietyforTestingMaterials美国材料试验学会;•2.AmericanStandardofTestingMaterials美国材料试验标准;•3.AmericanStandardsofTestManual美国标准试验手册•SAE•SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers(美国)汽车工程师学会《机械工程专业英语教程》42019/12/30•Superalloy•Anyofseveralcomplextemperature-resistantalloys超级合金：几种耐热合金的一种•Monel•Atrademarkusedforanalloyofnickel,copper,iron,andmanganese.Thistrademarksometimesoccursinprintinlowercase.蒙耐尔合金：一种镍、铜、铁和镁合金的商标。这一商标在印刷中有时以小写出现。《机械工程专业英语教程》52019/12/30TexttourThreadedfastenersperformthefunctionoflocating,clamping,adjusting,andtransmittingforcefromonemachinemembertoanother.[1]Theyarethoroughlystandardizedandgenerallydesignedforuseinmassproductionofmachines.1.threadedfastener意为“螺纹紧固件”。全句可译为：螺纹紧固件起着定位、夹紧、调整和从一个机器零件向另一个传递力的作用。《机械工程专业英语教程》62019/12/30Athreadedfastenerisadevicethatcaneffectivelyexertandmaintainalargeforceinonedirection(axially)throughtheapplicationofasmallforceinanotherdirection(tangentially).Allarebasedonthesingle-threadedscrew,asimplemachinethatyieldsalargemechanicaladvantageinminimalspaceandtheoreticallyisself-locking.[2]2.mechanicaladvantage意为“机械效益，机械增益”。全句可译为：所有这些都是基于单头螺纹螺钉的，它是一个简单机械，可以在最小的空间内产生很大的机械效益，而且在理论上是自锁的。《机械工程专业英语教程》72019/12/30Unifiedstandardthreadisavailableinthreebasicseriesofdiameter-pitchcombinations.[3]Thecoarse-threadseries(UNC)ismostcommonandisrecommendedforgeneralassemblyusewherevibrationisnotaproblemandwherefrequentdisassemblyisrequired.3.diameter-pitchcombination意为“直径––螺距组合”。全句可译为：统一标准螺纹有三个基本系列的直径––螺距组合。《机械工程专业英语教程》82019/12/30Washersareoftenusedwiththreadedfastenerstoprovideabetterbearingsurfacefornutsandboltheads,[4]toprovideabearingsurfaceoverlargeclearanceholesorslots,todistributetheloadoveralargerarea,topreventmarringofpartsduringassembly,toimprovetorque-tensionratio(byreducingfriction),andtoprovidelocking,insomecasesthroughspringaction.4.bearingsurface意为“支撑面”。全句可译为：垫片经常被与螺纹紧固件一同使用，为螺帽和螺栓头提供更好的支撑面。《机械工程专业英语教程》92019/12/30Flatwashersarethin,annular-shapeddisksusedprimarilyforbearingsurfaceandloaddistributionandhavenolockingcapability.Conicalspringwashersaremadeofhardenedandtemperedsteelthatisslightlydished.[5]Conicalwashersdeformwhentheboltistightenedandactasspringsthatcompensateforsmalllossesinbolttensionduetothermalexpansionorcompressionsetofthegaskets.5.conicalspringwasher意为“锥形弹簧垫圈”。全句可译为：锥形弹簧圈是由淬火后又经回火处理的钢制成的，它的形状稍微有一点像碟子。《机械工程专业英语教程》102019/12/30AparticularSAEgradespecificationcanbemetbyanumberofdifferentsteels.Thusfastenermanufacturershavesomelatitudeinselectingthematerialsbestsuitedtotheirspecificproductionfacilities.[6]6.productionfacility意为“生产设备”。全句可译为：这样，紧固件生产厂家可以在一定的范围内选择最适合他们特定的生产设备的材料。Inadditiontocarbonsteels,manystainlesssteelalloysareusedforthreadedfastenerswhereimprovedcorrosionresistanceisrequired.AusteniticstainlesssteelssuchasTypes304and316offerthebestcorrosionresistance.[7]7.corrosionresistance意为“耐蚀性，耐腐蚀性”。全句可译为：尽管由于经济的原因，人们经常采用诸如430型等铁素体合金，但奥氏体不锈钢诸如304型和316型，具有最好耐蚀性。《机械工程专业英语教程》112019/12/30