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20052Feb1,2005271JournalofLatinAmericanStudiesVol127No112090,,,,,,,19941995,,,,,20:;,19821991,,()198219829,,,,,198291,,10,6058,:2004-03-11:,,,(,100007),3,,,,,,,,(),1991,,,,19901991,2070,57,,,,,,1988,,,,,,,,,1991,,,1988M4(GDP)3415%,19924611%()2080,1984,,66%,199052,28,,19907,,,,C,19924,B6,L(30%),L,L,,1990()(),,,,,,,:;,;,;,;,;,;;()1990925,:,3(),1,,M4,Vol127No11Feb1200558,3,,,(1),,,,,,,,,18,,15,,,,,,,1,,,,,,(2),,:;,,,,:,,,:,,,,3,,(3),18,186,241,,,,,,,,,:259;1;;,,,,3,(1),30001(Cetes),,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,ABCDE5,A,E,,,,,,(8),,,,,(2)1,,,,,,1,45,160,,(3),,Vol127No11Feb1200560,3%,,,,30%,330,70%,520%,33020%,60%4,,,40%,():18118215513,315415319,,1%815%18,3134,,,,,,186,5425,,29%16%1%,(),8,6,,(1),,19911994,,6%7%,,19928%199811%,1991,,19941995,,NAFTA,,,8%,,,(2),1997199819941995TheTechnicalProcessofBankPrivatizationinMexico,Finan2cialInstitutionsCenterHalukUnalMiguelNavarro,1997.61,1997,199219977%,10%,19982002,2%118(%)B(%)//()/(%)177119261196111229716216621582186Probursa1001004954419918011310321933136Mexival6617015177481293291931403139241052781682716859212630410317331652108Abaco66100152231228317410431805182100100494251131631521532147214570171191719744198524211216221532190Accival35610055544121511113219921931187Vamsa10010049571136328142168214581544511002321742061216921622148Obsa661541515427061011089124317331661187Inverlat81162301621576153695157313131067159Invermexico568184171841469116402170513341925710366100151014147383109412341015118Finamex66103151031137151436125319531842172Estrategia6661001517751786331084125412101855110001486192937105219521756193Prime661315131869138281170416541253122Multivalores:LessonsfromBankPrivatizationinMexico,Guillermo,Barnes,CountryEconomicsDepartment,TheWorldBank,November1992.1:,A51%,B=-51%2:,378153%66198%72104%,3(3),,2001,,76%,96%,,,,,GDP199124%199431%,,,,,,GDP,200215%,Vol127No11Feb1200562,FOBAPROA,,,,,,,,,(),,1994(1),,,,,18117,,,,,,,,(2),,215510,,18,20,,33/5,1145%,1992,1993,19931995,16,1994,(3),,,,():1.GettingPrivatizationWrong:TheMexicanBankingSystem,1991-2002,StephenHaberandShawnKantor,2003.2.SHCP,1988-1993.MexicanBankPrivatization,CSFirstBoston.3.ForeignFinancialInstitutionsinLatinAmerica,Sa2lomonSmithBarney,2001.4.PrivatizationofMexicosPublicEnterpriseandtheRestructuringofthePrivateSectorTheDevelopingEconomies,XXXIV-1(March1996),TaekoHoshino.5.MexicoEconomicandFinancialStatisticsDataBook,September30,2002.6.FinancialMarketDisciplineinEarly20thCenturyMexico,ElisabethHuybens,AstridLuceJordan,SangeetaPratap,November2000.7.ChallengesintheMexicanFinancialSector,EconomicsDepartmentWorkingPaper,No.339,MarcosBonturiAug.2002.8.JosAntonioGonzalez-Anaya,GreciaM.Marrufo,FinancialMarketPerformanceinMexico,StanfordUniversityCenterforResearchonEconomicDevelopmentandPolicyReformPreparedfortheMexicanCreditConference,October5-6,2001.9.MartinaCopelman,FinancialStructureandEconomicActivityinMexico,CenterofAnalysisandEconomicResearch,ITAMJanuary2000.10.:1)UnlikeLatinAmerica,Chinaintroducedmoreforeigndirectinvestment(FDI)thanbankloans.2)IntermsofFDI,unlikeLatinAmericaagain,ChinahassuccessfullyattractedmorecapitalingreenfieldthaninA&M.Despitethemisleadingconceptintheseterminology,itisnecessaryforChinatodrawthelessonsfromtheexperienceofLatinAmericandevelopment.Oneofthelessonsistogiveeconomicgrowthahumanface.Thatistosay,thegovernmentshouldalwaysputpeoplefirstinitspursuitofe2conomicgrowth.(JiangShixue)RELATIONSHIPBETWEENECONOMICANDTECHNOLOGICALDEVELOPMENTINANOPENECONOMY:THECASEOFMEXICO(pp14850)IntermsofexportvolumeandexportstructuresMexicosinternationalcompetitivenesshasbeenontherisesinceitstartedtowagethereforms.Theexportboom,however,alsocomesatahighprice.Forinstance,thedisparityofproductivitybetweentheenterprisesmakingexportablegoodsandthoseproducingnon-exportableproductshasgrownmorespectacular.Sohasthedisparitybetweenthedomesticenterprisesandtheircounterpartsinthedevelopedcountries.Giventheweakexchangesbetweendifferententerprisesandsectors,therewasfewautonomoustechnologicalinnovationand,newtechnologies,ifany,couldnotspreadeffectively,thusfurtherreducingthedemandoftheenterprisesforthem.Thisshortcoming,alongwiththefragilerelationsbetweendomesticresearchinstitutionsandenterprises,hasjeopardizedthecapacityofdomesticinnovation.Alltheabovefactorshaveledtomorerelianceuponforeigntechnologies,whichcontributestothemodernizationofthedomesticenterprisesandriseoftheirinternationalcompetitiveness.However,inthe21stcentury,Mexicostillfacesthedifficulttaskofreducingdependenceuponforeigntechnologies(GaoJing)BANKPRIVATIZATIONINMEXICO:BACKGROUND,PROCEDURESANDRESULTS(pp15763)PrivatizationinMexicosbankingsector,startingfromthe1990s,constitutedoneofthemajorpartsoftheeconomicreformprograminthiscountry.Tocarryoutprivatization,thegovernmentpromulgatedlawsanddecrees.Nonetheless,privatizationfailedtoincreaseefficiency,norimprovemacroeconomicb