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Unit1Activereading(1)CatchingcrabsLanguagepoints1…andweallstartedtogetourheadsdown…(Para1)Togetone’sheaddownmeanstoconcentrateandfocusonstudying.InotherBritishinformalcontexts,itcanmeantosleep.Notealso,tokeepone’sheaddownmeanstocontinuetodosomethingquietly,especiallywhenthereistroublehappeningaroundyou.Unit1Discoveringyourself2MostimportantofcoursewerethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.(Para1)Thisisaconversationalellipticalsentence.Astandardwayofsayingthisis:Themostimportantthings,ofcourse,werethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.3Noonewantedthehumiliationoffinishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.(Para1)Peergrouppressureisthepressuretoconformthatpeople,especiallychildrenandyoungpeople,oftenfeelfromtheimmediategroupofthosearoundthemwhoareofthesameageorstatus.4Libraries...werestandingroomonlyuntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.(Para1)Theexpressionstandingroomonlymeanstherearenomoreseatsavailablebecausetheplaceiscrowded.Thisexpressionisoftenusedinpublicperformances,forsportseventsandonpublictransporttomeanthatyouhavetostandbecausetheplaceispackedwithpeople.Bagsundertheireyesrefertoloosedarkareasofskinthatyougetwhenyouhavenothadenoughsleep.Theexpressionguysworethebagsundertheireyeswithpridemeansthatthestudentswereproudthattheirtiredappearanceshowedhowhardtheyhadbeenstudying,andthebagsundertheireyeswerelikemedals.5Itwasn’talwaysthehighflyerswiththetopgradeswhoknewwhattheyweregoingtodo.(Para2)Ahighflyerreferstosomeonewhohasachievedalotandhastheabilityanddeterminationtocontinuetobesuccessfulintheirstudiesorjob.Inuniversity,ahighflyerisatopstudent.6Quiteoftenitwasthequieter,lessimpressivestudentswhohadthenextstagesoftheirlifemappedout.(Para2)Tohavesomethingmappedoutmeanstohavesomethingthatwillhappenplannedindetail.7Onehadlandedajobinhisbrother’sadvertisingfirminMadisonAvenue,anotherhadgotascriptunderprovisionalacceptanceinHollywood.(Para2)Tolandajobmeanstogetajobthatyouwanted.Provisionalacceptancereferstoanacceptancewhichisarranged(inprinciple),butisnotyetdefinite.Itistemporaryandcouldbechanged.8Themostambitiousstudentamonguswasgoingtoworkasapartyactivistatalocallevel.(Para2)Apartyactivistissomeonewhotakespartinactivitiesthatareintendedtoachievepoliticalchange,someonewhoisamemberofapoliticalorganization.9WeallsawhimendingupintheSenateorinCongressoneday.(Para2)Toendupsomewheremeanstobeinaparticularplaceorstateafterdoingsomethingorbecauseofit.Here,apartyactivistmightendupinCongress,asaresultofmakingcareerprogress.10Butmostpeoplewereeitherlookingtocontinuetheirstudies…andthensettledownwithafamily,amortgageandsomehopeofpromotion.(Para2)Tolooktocontinuetheirstudiesheremeanstohopeorexpecttocontinuetheirstudies–whethertheycandosowouldprobablydependontheirexamresultsandgrades.Youcanalsolooktosomeoneforhelp,adviceorsupport.DiscoveringyourselfUnit1Amortgageisalegalagreementinwhichyouborrowmoneyfromabankorfinancialorganizationinordertobuyahouse.Youpaybackyourmortgagebymakingmonthlypayments,plusinterest.Thus,gettingamortgageformanyyoungpeoplemeansgettingaflatorhouseoftheirown.11Ibracedmyselfforsomeresistancetotheidea.(Para10)Abraceisapieceofwoodormetalwhichsupportsanobjectsothatitdoesnotfalldown.Sotobraceoneselfmeanstoholdoneselftogetherinreadinessforsomethingdifficultorunpleasant.12Youdon’tneedtogointoacareerwhichpayswelljustatthemoment.(Para16)Togointoacareermeanstostartworkinginaparticularjob,businessorcareer.13Severaltimesthecrabtriedtodefyhisfellowcaptives,withoutluck.(Para25)Thecrabtriedtodefytheothersasitresistedothersorrefusedtoobeythemwhenittriedtoescape.Theexpressionwithoutluckmeanswithoutsuccess,beingunabletodowhatyouwant.Readingandunderstanding3Choosethebestsummaryofwhathappenedinthecrabcage.3Thecagewasfullofcrabs.Oneofthemwastryingtoescape,buteachtimeitreachedthetoptheothercrabspulleditback.Intheenditgaveuptryingandstartedtopreventothercrabsfromescaping.4Choosethebestanswertothequestions.1Whathappenedtothestudentsinthefallofthefinalyear?(a)Theybecamemorerelaxed.(b)Theybecamemoreserious.(c)Theyspentmoretimeoutside.(d)Theystoppedgoingtolessons.2Whydidsomepeoplehavebagsundertheireyesinthemorning?(a)They’dbeentoanall-nightparty.(b)They’dstartedworryingabouttheirfuture.(c)They’dspentallnightinthelibrary.(d)Theywantedtoimpresstheirteachers.3Whichstudentshadalreadyplannedtheirfuture?(a)Theoneswhohadthebestgrades.(b)Theoneswhocamefromwealthyfamilies.(c)Thequieteroneswhodidn’thavethebestgrades.(d)Theoneswhowantedtogetmarriedandstartafamily.4Whydidthewritergohome?(a)Hewantedtospeaktohisfather.(b)Hecouldstudybetterathomethanatcollege.(c)Hehadtoattendajobinterview.(d)Itwasanationalholiday.Unit1Discoveringyourself5Whydidhisfathertakehimouttocatchcrabs?(a)Theyneededtogetsomethingtoeatfordinner.(b)Hewantedtoshowhimhowtocatchcrabs.(c)Hewantedtotellhimsomethingaboutlife.(d)Theybothwantedtoenjoythecoastlineandthesea.6Whatadvicedidhisfathergivehim?(a)Gettoknowyourselfbetter.(b)Watchwhatothersdocareful