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1电气与电子信息工程学院《电力电子装置设计与制作课程设计报告》课设名称：开关直流升压电源（BOOST）设计专业名称：电气工程及其自动化班级：学号：姓名：指导教师：课设时间：课设地点：电气与电子信息工程学院2《电力电子装置设计与制作》课程设计任务书学生姓名：专业班级：指导教师：工作部门：一、课程设计题目：开关直流升压电源（BOOST）设计二、课程设计内容根据题目选择合适的输入输出电压进行电路设计，在Protel或OrCAD软件上进行原理图绘制；满足设计要求后，再进行硬件制作和调试。如实验结果不满足要求，则修改设计，直到满足要求为止。题目：开关直流升压电源（BOOST）设计主要技术指标：1）输入交流电压220V（可省略此环节）。2）输入直流电压在11-12V之间。3）输出直流电压17V，输出电压纹波小于2%。4）输出电流1A。5）采用脉宽调制PWM电路控制。目录3摘要··································································5第一章方案选择和方案论证·············································71.系统方案设计····················································72.方案论证························································7第二章主电路计算和器件选择··········································81.设计要求························································82.选择开关管的频率················································83.占空比计算······················································84.电感的计算(按D=35.29%)··········································85.电容的计算······················································86.电感峰值电流的计算(按D=35.29%)··································87.开关管的选择····················································88.开关损耗的计算(按D=35.29%)······································99.二极管的选择····················································910.电阻的计算·····················································9第三章系统功能及原理················································101.系统功能·······················································102.boost电路工作原理·············································10第四章各模块的功能和原理············································131.TL494工作原理·················································132.开关频率的计算················································13第五章MATLAB仿真····················································151.仿真原理图·····················································152.仿真结果·······················································153.仿真结果分析···················································16第六章实验结果以及分析··············································171.实验结果·······················································172.结果分析·······················································17第七章硬件电路······················································181.焊接电路主电路图···············································182.焊接电路控制电路图·············································1843.焊接实物图·····················································19第八章总结··························································20参考文献·····························································20摘要提高转换器(升压转换器)是一个DC-to-DC电源转换器的输出电压大于输入电5压。它是一个类的开关电源(smp)至少含有两个半导体(二极管和晶体管)和至少一个储能元件,电容,电感器,或两者的组合。过滤器由电容器(有时结合电感)通常添加到转换器的输出,以减少输出电压纹波。提高转换器的基本原理。开关通常是一个MOSFET、IGBT或者是机器。概述电压的提高转换器可以来自任何合适的直流源,如电池、太阳能电池板、整流器和直流发电机。这一过程变化一个直流电压不同的直流电压称为直流直流转换。提高转换器是一个直流对直流转换器的输出电压大于源电压。提高转炉有时被称为一个升压转换器,因为它“步骤”源电压。自(P=VI)必须节约用电,输出电流低于源电流。历史为了效率高,smp开关必须打开或关闭快速和较低的损失。的出现,一个商业半导体开关在1950年代代表一个重要的里程碑,让smp如boost变换器成为可能。直流对直流转换器主要是在1960年代早期,当半导体开关已经变得可用。航空航天工业需要小,重量轻,高效的电力转换器导致了转换器的快速发展。切换系统如smp设计挑战,因为他们的模型依赖于一个开关是否打开或关闭。r·d·麦德布鲁克从加州理工学院在1977年出版的今天使用的模型直流对直流转换器。麦德布鲁克平均每个开关状态的电路配置状态空间平均技术。这简化了两个系统。新模型导致深刻的设计方程,帮助smp的增长。关键词：斩波电路、BOOST电路Aboostconverter(step-upconverter)isaDC-to-DCpowerconverterwithanoutputvoltagegreaterthanitsinputvoltage.Itisaclassofswitched-modepowersupply(SMPS)containingatleasttwosemiconductors(adiodeandatransistor)andatleastoneenergystorageelement,acapacitor,inductor,orthetwoincombination.Filtersmadeofcapacitors(sometimesincombinationwithinductors)arenormallyaddedtotheoutputoftheconvertertoreduceoutputvoltageripple.6Thebasicschematicofaboostconverter.TheswitchistypicallyaMOSFET,IGBT,orBJT.OverviewPowerfortheboostconvertercancomefromanysuitableDCsources,suchasbatteries,solarpanels,rectifiersandDCgenerators.AprocessthatchangesoneDCvoltagetoadifferentDCvoltageiscalledDCtoDCconversion.AboostconverterisaDCtoDCconverterwithanoutputvoltagegreaterthanthesourcevoltage.Aboostconverterissometimescalledastep-upconvertersinceit“stepsup”thesourcevoltage.Sincepower()mustbeconserved,theoutputcurrentislowerthanthesourcecurrent.HistoryForhighefficiency,theSMPSswitchmustturnonandoffquicklyandhavelowlosses.Theadventofacommercialsemiconductorswitchinthe1950srepresentedamajormilestonethatmadeSMPSssuchastheboostconverterpossible.ThemajorDCtoDCconvertersweredevelopedintheearly1960swhensemiconductorswitcheshadbecomeavailable.Theaerospaceindustry’sneedforsmall,lightweight,andefficientpowerconvertersledtotheconverter’srapiddevelopment.SwitchedsystemssuchasSMPSareachallengetodesignsincetheirmodelsdependonwhetheraswitchisopenedorclosed.R.D.MiddlebrookfromCaltechin1977publishedthemodelsforDCtoDCconvertersusedtoday.Middlebrookaveragedthecircuitconfigurationsforeachswitchstateinatechniquecalledstate-spaceaveraging.Thissimplificationreducedtwosystemsintoone.ThenewmodelledtoinsightfuldesignequationswhichhelpedthegrowthofSMPS.7第一章方案选择和方案论证1.系统方案设计本系统采用闭环控制需要对一直流电源进行直流斩波，通过控制开关管的导通时间，来控制最终输出的电压。整个系统包括BOOST主电路、闭环调节模块、电压反馈模块。系统方框图如图1所示：图1系统方框图2.方案论证闭环控制系统输出电压由给定电压决定，当给定电压与反馈电压不相等时积分电容就不断地冲放电改变电压调节器的输出从而改变可输出的PWM波的占空比进而改变输出电压的