PIPESIM培训

SchlumbergerOilandGasProductionSystemDesign&ManagementwithPIPESIM1984-PIPESIMdevelopedonUnixPlatform1985-PIPESIMportedtoDOS&BakerJardineformed1990-PIPESIMGOAL(GasLiftOptimization&Allocation)Developed1993–WindowsGUIaddedtoPIPESIM1994–PIPESIMNetLaunched1996–PIPESIMFPTLaunched1997–PIPESIMFPTlinkedtoECLIPSE2000–PIPESIM2000developed(New32-bitGUI)2001–BakerJardineAcquiredbySchlumberger2003–Q2–ReleaseofPIPESIM2003ABriefHistoryofPIPESIMMajorClients-OperatorsExxonMobilBPShellPemexChevronTexacoConocoPhillipsSaudiAramcoAmeradaHessBritishGasPetronasSUCOLagovenUNOCALADCO/ADMABHPJNOCMajorClients-ContractorsAMECBechtelBrown&RootCSOAkerFluorDanielFosterWheelerGenesisGranherneHalliburtonIntecEngineeringKvaernerMcDermottMWKelloggParagonSnamprogettiWorley•Reservoir&SurfaceFacilityIntegrationFieldPlanning•SystemOptimization&ConstraintManagementProductionOptimization•ProductionNetworkModelingNetworkAnalysis•DetailedPipelineStudiesPipeline&FacilitiesAnalysisMultilateralWellSimulator•Horizontal&MultilateralWellModels•InflowModeling,NodalAnalysisWellPerformanceAnalysisPIPESIM:TotalSystemIntegration•Reservoir&SurfaceFacilityIntegrationFieldPlanning•SystemOptimization&ConstraintManagementProductionOptimization•ProductionNetworkModelingNetworkAnalysis•DetailedPipelineStudiesPipeline&FacilitiesAnalysisMultilateralWellSimulator•Horizontal&MultilateralWellModels•InflowModeling,NodalAnalysisWellPerformanceAnalysisPIPESIM:TotalSystemIntegrationTotalProductionSystemCompletionChokeSafetyValveTubingFlowlinePumpCompressorSeparatorExportlinesRiserReservoirgasoilDP3=PUSV–PDSVDP1=PR–PwfsDP2=Pwfs–PwfDP5=Ptf–PDSCDP6=PDSC–PRBDP8=Psep–PCDDP10=PCD–PGDDP11=PPD–PLDDP4=Pwf–PtfDP7=PRB–PsepDP9=Psep–PPDPressureLossinSystemDP1=PR–PwfsPressureLossinSystemInflowPerformanceDP2=Pwfs–PwfInflowPerformanceRelationsOilReservoirs:WellProductivityIndexVogelEquationFetkovichEquationJonesEquationPseudo-Steady-StateEquationGasandGasCondensateReservoirs:WellProductivityIndexBackPressureEquationJonesEquationPseudo-Steady-StateEquationWellProductivityIndex(PI)PwfPb:Q=PIx(Pws-Pwf)PwfPb:Foroilwells:Q=PIx(Pws-Pb)+(PI/2Pb)(Pb2-Pwf2)Forgascompressiblereservoirs:Q=PIx(Pws2-Pwf2)where,Pws=staticreservoirpressurePwf=flowingbottom-holepressurePb=bubblepointpressure,Q=flowrateVogel’sEquationEmpiricalrelationshipforfluidbelowbubblepointpressure:q/qmax=1-(1-C)(Pwf/Pws)-C(Pwf/Pws)2where,C=PICoefficient,normalvalueis0.8qmax=AbsoluteOpenHolePotentialPws=StaticReservoirPressurePwf=BottomHoleFlowingPressureFetkovich’sEquationAlternativetoVogel’sequationEmpiricalcorrelationq/qmax=[1-(Pwf/Pr)2]nThelowerthevalueofn,thegreaterthedegreeofturbulenceAlsoknownas“normalisedbackpressureequation”JonesEquationGasandsaturatedoilreservoirsEquations:Gas:D(P2)=AQ+BQ2Oil:D(P)=AQ+BQ2whereA:Laminarflowcoefficient(Darcy)B:Turbulentflowcoefficient(NonDarcy)Alsoknownas“Forcheimerequation”BackPressureEquationForgaswellsQ=C(Pws2-Pwf2)nSchellhardt&RawlinsempiricalequationNormally,0.5n1.0Pseudo-Steady-StateEquationOilandgasreservoirsDarcyequationradialreservoirmodelParametersusedinequations:PermeabilityThicknessRadius(reservoirexternaldrainage)Skin(dimensionlessskinfactor)WellborediameterGaswell:laminarandturbulentflowOilwell:laminarflowWellCompletionOptionsONLYvalidwhenisusedwiththePseudo-Steady-StateEquationinflowperformancemodelTocalculateskinfactorandturbulencecoefficient(forgaswells)Completionoptions:None(i.e.noskinresistancetoinflow)OpenHole(wellisnotcementedorcased)Perforated(McLeodmodel)GravelPacked(Jonesmodel)HorizontalCompletionModelsDistributedPI(finiteconductivity):DistributivePI:PIperunitlengthSteadyState(Joshi)PseudoSteadyState(Babu&Odeh)SinglePointPI(infiniteconductivity):SteadyState(Joshi)PseudoSteadyState(Babu&Odeh)DP3=PUSV–PDSVDP1=PR–PwfsDP2=Pwfs–PwfDP5=Ptf–PDSCDP6=PDSC–PRBDP8=Psep–PCDDP10=PCD–PGDDP11=PPD–PLDDP4=Pwf–PtfDP7=PRB–PsepDP9=Psep–PPDPressureLossinSystemDP6=PDSC–PRBDP10=PCD–PGDDP11=PPD–PLDDP4=Pwf–PtfDP7=PRB–PsepMultiphaseFlowinWellsandPipelinesPressureLossinSystemMultiphaseFlowFlowpatternsBubbleFlow.SlugFlow.Transition–ChurnFlow.Annular–MistFlow.Orkiszewskidescription(VerticalFlow):Horizontalflowregimemap-TaitelDukler1.000.100.0110.075.00.11.010.0900.0100.0IntermittentAnnularStratifiedWavyStratifiedSmoothBubblyUsL(ft/s)UsG(ft/s)FlowpatternsaredeterminedfrommapsofsuperficialliquidvelocityversussuperficialgasvelocityLiquidHold-Up:Hold-up=0Allgasflow.Hold-up=1Allliquidflow.GasHold-Up:1-LiquidHoldUpNo-SlipLiquidHoldup(InputLiquidContent):LiquidHoldupifgasandliquidweretravelingatthesamevelocity.LiquidHold-Up:gLLLqqqALAGPIPELLAAHLiquidHoldup,HLFunctionofthedegreeofgas-phaseslippageQg=VgAgQL=VLALVgAgVLALALAGEffectsofphaseslippageUphillDownhillHLLvvLGvGvLvvLGHLLvLvGqG=vGAGqL=vLALWhyisLiquidHoldupImportant?Requiredfor:Accurateestimationoftwo-phasepressurelossPredictinghydrateformationandwaxdepositionPredictingpiggingvolumetosizeslugcatchersPressurechangecalculationmethodDet