ASTM-E140-05e1《金属标准硬度换算表》

Designation:E140–05e1StandardHardnessConversionTablesforMetalsRelationshipAmongBrinellHardness,VickersHardness,RockwellHardness,SuperficialHardness,KnoopHardness,andScleroscopeHardness1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE140;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.e1NOTE—ThelayoutofTable2waseditoriallycorrectedinAugust2005.1.Scope*1.1ConversionTable1presentsdataintheRockwellChardnessrangeontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Vickershardness,Rockwellhardness,Rockwellsuperficialhardness,Knoophardness,andScleroscopehardnessofnon-austeniticsteelsincludingcarbon,alloy,andtoolsteelsintheas-forged,annealed,normalized,andquenchedandtemperedconditionsprovidedthattheyarehomogeneous.1.2ConversionTable2presentsdataintheRockwellBhardnessrangeontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Vickershardness,Rockwellhardness,Rockwellsuperficialhardness,Knoophardness,andScleroscopehardnessofnon-austeniticsteelsincludingcarbon,alloy,andtoolsteelsintheas-forged,annealed,normalized,andquenchedandtemperedconditionsprovidedthattheyarehomogeneous.1.3ConversionTable3presentsdataontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Vickershardness,Rockwellhardness,Rockwellsuperficialhardness,andKnoophardnessofnickelandhigh-nickelalloys(nickelcontentover50%).Thesehardnessconversionrelationshipsareintendedtoapplypar-ticularlytothefollowing:nickel-aluminum-siliconspecimensfinishedtocommercialmillstandardsforhardnesstesting,coveringtheentirerangeofthesealloysfromtheirannealedtotheirheavilycold-workedorage-hardenedconditions,includ-ingtheirintermediateconditions.1.4ConversionTable4presentsdataontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Vickershardness,Rockwellhardness,andRockwellsuperficialhardnessofcartridgebrass.1.5ConversionTable5presentsdataontherelationshipbetweenBrinellhardnessandRockwellBhardnessofausten-iticstainlesssteelplateintheannealedcondition.1.6ConversionTable6presentsdataontherelationshipbetweenRockwellhardnessandRockwellsuperficialhardnessofausteniticstainlesssteelsheet.1.7ConversionTable7presentsdataontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Vickershardness,Rockwellhardness,Rockwellsuperficialhardness,andKnoophardnessofcopper.1.8ConversionTable8presentsdataontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Rockwellhardness,andVickershardnessofalloyedwhiteiron.1.9ConversionTable9presentsdataontherelationshipamongBrinellhardness,Vickershardness,Rockwellhardness,andRockwellsuperficialhardnessofwroughtaluminumprod-ucts.1.10Manyoftheconversionvaluespresentedhereinwereobtainedfromcomputer-generatedcurvesofactualtestdata.MostRockwellhardnessnumbersarepresentedtothenearest0.1or0.5hardnessnumbertopermitaccuratereproductionofthesecurves.Sinceallconvertedhardnessvaluesmustbeconsideredapproximate,however,allconvertedRockwellhardnessnumbersshallberoundedtothenearestwholenumberinaccordancewithPracticeE29.1.11AppendixX1-AppendixX9containequationsdevel-opedfromthedatainTables1-9,respectively,toconvertfromonehardnessscaletoanother.Sinceallconvertedhardnessvaluesmustbeconsideredapproximate,however,allconvertedhardnessnumbersshallberoundedinaccordancewithPracticeE29.1.12Conversionofhardnessvaluesshouldbeusedonlywhenitisimpossibletotestthematerialundertheconditionsspecified,andwhenconversionismadeitshouldbedonewithdiscretionandundercontrolledconditions.Eachtypeofhardnesstestissubjecttocertainerrors,butifprecautionsarecarefullyobserved,thereliabilityofhardnessreadingsmadeoninstrumentsoftheindentationtypewillbefoundcomparable.Differencesinsensitivitywithintherangeofagivenhardnessscale(forexample,RockwellB)maybegreaterthanbetweentwodifferentscalesortypesofinstruments.Theconversion1TheseconversiontablesareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE28onMechanicalTestingandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE28.06onIndentationHardnessTesting.CurrenteditionapprovedApril1,2005.PublishedApril2005.Originallyapprovedin1958.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2002asE140–02e1.1*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard.Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.values,whetherfromthetablesorcalculatedfromtheequa-tions,areonlyapproximateandmaybeinaccurateforspecificapplication.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2E10TestMethodforBrinellHardnessofMetallicMateri-alsE18TestMethodforRockwellHardnessandRockwellSuperficialHardnessofMetallicMaterialsE29PracticeforUsingSignificantDigitsinTestDatatoDetermineConformancewithSpecificationsE92TestMethodforVickersHardnessofMetallicMate-rialsE384TestMethodforMicrohardnessofMaterialsE448PracticeforScleroscopeHardnessTestingofMetallicMaterials3.MethodsforHardnessDeterminations3.1ThehardnessreadingsusedwiththeseconversiontablesshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithoneofthefollowingASTMtestmethods:3.1.1VickersHardness—TestMethodE92.3.1.2Brinel