集体运输系统)

MANANDTHEENVIRONMENTActivityBookChapter6ANSWERthisedition20076.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKong1Suggestfivefactorsthatdeterminethepotentialhealtheffectsofairpollutants.chemicalstructureanditsphysical(size,shape,solubility)properties,toxicity,ageofrecipient,healthstatusofrecipient,dose(劑量),durationofexposure,weatherconditions(humidity,windspeed&direction,uv)presenceofothercontaminants,etc.6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKong2Suggesttwocontrolmeasurestoreducetheemissionofairpollutantsfromthefollowingsources.SourceControlmeasurePowerplant1.Useofcleanerfuelsuchascoalwithlowsulphurcontent6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKongSourceControlmeasurePowerplant2.Installationofcontrolequipmentsuchaselectrostaticprecipitator.3.Useofalternative,renewableenergysources:hydroelectricpower,windenergy,solarenergyorgeothermalenergyforpowergeneration6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKongSourceControlmeasureFactory1.Applymoreefficientcombustionmethods(tomakelesspollutants)2.Installationofmonitoringdevice3.Regularcheckingbygovernmentofficialstoenforceemissionstandards6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKongSourceControlmeasureMotorvehicle1.Useoflead-freepetrol,liquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)orultra-lowsulphurdiesel2.Useofenvironmentalfriendlytransportationmodes(e.g.masstransitrailway集體運輸系統)6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKongSourceControlmeasureMotorvehicle3.Newdevelopmentinvehicleenginetechnology,morefrequentinspectionandbettermaintenancetechniques4.Enforcementofemissionregulations6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKong3WhycanE.colibeusedasanindicatorofwaterpollution?E.Coliarefoundinfaeceswithorganicwastes(i.e.foods).Alargenumberofthebacteriainwaterthereforesuggestswaterpollutionbyfaecesandthepresenceofsomeotherdisease-causingmicro-organisms.6.1AirpollutionandwaterpollutioninHongKong4SuggesttwopotentialeffectsonhealthifoneswimsinabeachatGrade3or4.Eyeirritation&infection,skindiseases,gastrointestinalillnesses,etc.6.2Environmentalimpactsofurbandevelopment1Whatarethepotentialenvironmentalimpactsofthenewrailwayproject?lLossofthenaturalhabitatsofwildlife.lChangingofthewaterlevelofwetlandatLongValley.lLossoffishponds&breedinggroundofdragonflies.lConstructionnoise.lEmissionofpollutants2Whatwillbedonetominimizetheenvironmentalimpactsin1?UseofanundergroundtunnelinsteadofaviaducttorunacrossLongValley.Useofnon-toxicbiodegradablefoamandspecialmachinestomakethetunnel.Improvementofthefunctionsofexistingfishponds.Useofquietmachinesandnoisebarriers.Wateringofroads.3Visitthefollowingwebsitestoknowmoreaboutthisissue.Doyousupportthebuildingofthenewrailway?Stateyourreasons.Thinkabout:economic,social,legal,beautyandenvironmentalaspects……Task1ImpactsoftheDisneylandproject--SocietyThethemeparkwillprovide-entertainmenttolocalpeopleandtourists;-jobopportunities-newcommunityfacilities,roads,ferrypiersetc.;-newinfrastructuralfacilitiesfortheurbandevelopmentofLantauIsland.Task1ImpactsoftheDisneylandproject--EconomyPromotionoftourism–increasedrevenueforthegovernment.IncreasedcommercialactivitiesasthetouristshavetospendmoneyinHongKong.Moreinvestmentprojectsaroundthepark(houses,hotels,restaurants,recreationalcentresetc.)Task1ImpactsoftheDisneylandproject--EnvironmentThebuildingofthethemeparkpollutesseawaterandremovesnaturalhabitatsatPenny’sBay.Italsobringsharmstothewildlife,suchastheChineseWhiteDolphin(中華白海豚),andreducesbiodiversity.Task1ImpactsoftheDisneylandproject--EnvironmentTheshipyardneartheconstructionsitewasalsofoundtocontainsoilalreadycontaminatedwiththecancer-causingdioxin(二噁莢).Inordernottodelaytheopeningofthethemepark,thegovernmentplanstocarryoutthetreatmentworkatToKauWan.Task1ImpactsoftheDisneylandproject--EnvironmentThetransportationandburningofthetoxicsoilarepotentiallyriskytotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.TaskDiscussiononhowtoachievesustainabledevelopmentWritedownafewpoints.6.5Ourresponsibilityinprotectingtheenvironment1Whatelsecanyoudoinyoureverydaylifetohelpsavetheenvironment?Givethreeexamples.Avoidtheexcessiveuseofdisposablematerials(reduce).Rentorborrowitemswhicharenotusedveryoften;orbuydurableproducts(reuse).Chooseproductswiththeleastpackaging(wiseconsumerchoice).6.5Ourresponsibilityinprotectingtheenvironment2Writeanessayofabout150wordstodiscusstheimportanceofenvironmentalconservationandtheresponsibilityofanindividualinprotectingtheenvironment.6.1Cleaningupofdirtywater1Listthedifferencesbetweenthetwobottlesofliquid.Oneisclean,clearandcontainsnopollutants.Theotherisdirty,turbidandcontainssuspendedsolids.[比較式寫法]Activity2Whatsubstancesarepresentinthedirtyliquid?(..................)3Suggestthesourceofthedirtyliquid.Fromtheeffluentoftoilets,sewageofbathroomsorkitchens.4Ifthedirtyliquidisdirectlydumpedintothesea,whatwillhappen?Sewagecontainsalotofnutrientswhichpromotethegrowthofalgaeandbacteriainwater.Theymayuseupthedissolvedoxygenandcauseaquaticorganismstodie.Thebacteriamayalsoproducetoxicsubstancesastheygrow.Sunlightisblockedbythesuspendedsolidsinthesewageandcannotreachtheaquaticplants.Evenplantsmaygrowpoorlyanddie.6.1